mammalian phenotype

• endocrine/exocrine gland phenotype
  • Normal - homozygotes have a normal pancreas
  (MGI Ref ID J:129974)

cellular phenotype

• decreased apoptosis
  • homozygotes treated with tunicamycin to induce ER stress and renal insufficiency exhibit decreased programmed cell death in the renal proximal tubular epithelium
  (MGI Ref ID J:52729)

• decreased fibroblast apoptosis
  • MEFs prepared from E13.5 embryos exhibit less programmed cell death when challenged with agents that perturb ER function
  (MGI Ref ID J:52729)

homeostasis/metabolism phenotype

• abnormal response to injury
  • homozygotes treated with tunicamycin to induce ER stress and renal insufficiency exhibit decreased programmed cell death in the renal proximal tubular epithelium compared to controls despite impaired renal function
  (MGI Ref ID J:52729)

immune system phenotype

• decreased susceptibility to viral infection
  • homozygotes infected with a neurovirulent virus, Moloney MLV-ts1, exhibit a small, but significant, delay of about 4.5 days in the incubation period of the disease that correlates with a decrease in early virus replication
  (MGI Ref ID J:112354)

• decreased susceptibility to Retroviridae infection
  • homozygotes infected with a neurovirulent virus, Moloney MLV-ts1, exhibit a small, but significant, delay of about 4.5 days in the incubation period of the disease that correlates with a decrease in early virus replication
  (MGI Ref ID J:112354)

adipose tissue phenotype

• adipose tissue inflammation
  • ages
  (MGI Ref ID J:214136)
  • mice fed a high-fat diet show an increase in the total number of myeloid subpopulations like neutrophils and F4/80+ adipose tissue macrophages within the visceral adipose tissue without alterations in the frequency of M1- or M2-like adipose tissue macrophages
  (MGI Ref ID J:214136)
  • mice fed a high-fat diet exhibit an increase in visceral adipose tissue leukocytosis
  (MGI Ref ID J:214136)
  • mice fed a high-fat diet show an increase in infiltration of lymphoid cells into visceral adipose tissue, with increased numbers of both T and B cells
  (MGI Ref ID J:214136)
  • Normal - however, mice fed a high-fat diet show normal lymphoid organ T cell homeostasis
  (MGI Ref ID J:214136)

• increased total body fat amount
  • mice fed a high-fat diet show an increase in adipose tissue mass
  (MGI Ref ID J:214136)

homeostasis/metabolism phenotype

• decreased energy expenditure
  • Normal - however, no differences are seen in food intake on a high-fat diet compared to controls
  (MGI Ref ID J:214136)
  • mice fed a high-fat diet show a trend toward reduced total energy expenditure when controlled for fat mass, fat-free mass, and activity and significantly reduced resting energy expenditure
  (MGI Ref ID J:214136)

• increased susceptibility to diet-induced obesity
  • mice fed a high-fat diet show an increase in body weight, fat mass, and fat-free mass compared to wild-type mice
  (MGI Ref ID J:214136)

• insulin resistance
  • mice fed a high-fat diet exhibit increased insulin resistance
  (MGI Ref ID J:214136)

• impaired glucose tolerance
  • mice fed a high-fat diet exhibit glucose intolerance
  (MGI Ref ID J:214136)

• increased cholesterol level
  • mice fed a high-fat diet show an increase in total cholesterol
  (MGI Ref ID J:214136)
  • Normal - however, triglycerides and serum leptin levels are not affected in high-fat diet fed mice
  (MGI Ref ID J:214136)

immune system phenotype

• adipose tissue inflammation
  • ages
  (MGI Ref ID J:214136)
  • mice fed a high-fat diet show an increase in the total number of myeloid subpopulations like neutrophils and F4/80+ adipose tissue macrophages within the visceral adipose tissue without alterations in the frequency of M1- or M2-like adipose tissue macrophages
  (MGI Ref ID J:214136)
  • mice fed a high-fat diet exhibit an increase in visceral adipose tissue leukocytosis
  (MGI Ref ID J:214136)
  • mice fed a high-fat diet show an increase in infiltration of lymphoid cells into visceral adipose tissue, with increased numbers of both T and B cells
  (MGI Ref ID J:214136)
  • Normal - however, mice fed a high-fat diet show normal lymphoid organ T cell homeostasis
  (MGI Ref ID J:214136)

• abnormal T cell morphology
  • obese mice (fed the high-fat diet) show a unique population of visceral adipose tissue T cells that are larger in size
  (MGI Ref ID J:214136)

liver/biliary system phenotype

• hepatic steatosis
  • mice fed a high-fat diet develop hepatic steatosis
  (MGI Ref ID J:214136)

behavior/neurological phenotype

• hypoactivity
  • mice fed a high-fat diet show a trend toward reduced activity
  (MGI Ref ID J:214136)

growth/size/body region phenotype

• increased susceptibility to diet-induced obesity
  • mice fed a high-fat diet show an increase in body weight, fat mass, and fat-free mass compared to wild-type mice
  (MGI Ref ID J:214136)

hematopoietic system phenotype

• abnormal T cell morphology
  • obese mice (fed the high-fat diet) show a unique population of visceral adipose tissue T cells that are larger in size
  (MGI Ref ID J:214136)

cellular phenotype

• decreased macrophage apoptosis
  • under cholesterol loading conditions, macrophages treated exhibit less apoptosis compared with similarly treated wild-type macrophages
  (MGI Ref ID J:153833)

hematopoietic system phenotype

• abnormal macrophage activation involved in immune response
  • macrophages treated with excess lipoprotein-cholesterol or tunicamycin fail to exhibit an increase in IP3-induced calcium release unlike similarly wild-type
  (MGI Ref ID J:153833)

• decreased macrophage apoptosis
  • under cholesterol loading conditions, macrophages treated exhibit less apoptosis compared with similarly treated wild-type macrophages
  (MGI Ref ID J:153833)

immune system phenotype

• decreased macrophage apoptosis
  • under cholesterol loading conditions, macrophages treated exhibit less apoptosis compared with similarly treated wild-type macrophages
  (MGI Ref ID J:153833)

• abnormal macrophage activation involved in immune response
  • macrophages treated with excess lipoprotein-cholesterol or tunicamycin fail to exhibit an increase in IP3-induced calcium release unlike similarly wild-type
  (MGI Ref ID J:153833)