The visible phenotype appears by weaning age (average age of onset 6 +/-1.1 weeks; n=18) as variable and generally subtle head-nodding. Mutants of either gender have been produced. 
Nmf9 encodes a conserved protein that is functionally important to a distinct set of neurological phenotypes in both mice and Drosophila. Vestibular abnormalities are observed in addition to phenotypes in fear learning and circadian behavior. Nmf9 shows a complex pattern of expression in the vestibular system, olfactory system, and regions of the brain implicated in satiety and metabolism, innate anxiety, fear learning, and circadian rhythm. Females are more severely affected than males by the Nmf9 mutation. Mutations in the Nmf9 homologues of both mouse and fly result in phenotypes related to daily cycles of activity, as well as locomotor abnormalities. These mice may be useful in studies related to the evolutionary development of the nervous system.

These mice carry an ENU-induced mutation characterized by subtle head-nodding and vestibular dysfunction.

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