Mice homozygous for the Drd1atm1Jcd targeted mutation exhibit growth retardation and show down-regulated expression of dynorphin and substance P. They also show behavioral anomolies in spatial learning, movement initiation, and responses to new stimuli. Administration of cocaine to homozygotes does not activate locomotion or up-regulate immediate early gene (IEG) expression; however, dopamine receptor-2-dependent IEG changes are intact. Acute cocaine administration increases substance P levels. Failure of locomotor activation is also seen with repeated amphetamine treatment. Dopamine receptor D1a deficient mice do retain cocaine-conditioned place preference. Please Note: Growth retardation, which may be due to abnormal or delayed tooth formation, is avoided if homozygotes are fed either hydrated or crushed grain from ~2-10 weeks of age. Homozygotes do appear thinner than wildtypes and have a very slight halting gait (unpublished observations, The Jackson Laboratory). Heterozygous mice are unaffected.

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These Drd1 knock-out mice exhibit growth retardation and behavioral anomalies. They are suitable for use in applications related to the study of the interaction of dopamine receptors and neuronal pathways.

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