homeostasis/metabolism phenotype

• abnormal physiological response to xenobiotic
  • mice treated with D2 receptor agonists fail to exhibit a decrease in monosynaptic reflex strength compared with similarly treated wild-type mice
  (MGI Ref ID J:96803)
  • mice treated with pergolide do not exhibit a difference in monosynaptic and longer-latency reflex amplitudes unlike in similarly treated wild-type mice
  (MGI Ref ID J:96803)
  • mice treated with a D3 receptor antagonist do not exhibit an increase in monosynaptic reflex strength unlike in similarly treated wild-type mice
  (MGI Ref ID J:96803)
  • mice treated with GR 103691 exhibit shorter monosynaptic than longer-latency reflex amplitude unlike in wild-type mice
  (MGI Ref ID J:96803)

behavior/neurological phenotype

• decreased anxiety-related response
  • mice exhibit increased entry into open arms in an elevated plus maze compared with wild-type mice
  (MGI Ref ID J:102600)

• increased vertical activity
  (MGI Ref ID J:102600)

• abnormal reflex
  • mice exhibit more large-reflex amplitudes for both monosynaptic 'stretch' reflex (MSR) and longer-latency reflex responses compared with wild-type mice
  (MGI Ref ID J:96803)
  • mice treated with pergolide do not exhibit a difference in monosynaptic and longer-latency reflex amplitudes unlike in similarly treated wild-type mice
  (MGI Ref ID J:96803)
  • mice treated with a D3 receptor antagonist do not exhibit an increase in monosynaptic reflex strength unlike in similarly treated wild-type mice
  (MGI Ref ID J:96803)
  • mice treated with D2 receptor agonists fail to exhibit a decrease in monosynaptic reflex strength compared with similarly treated wild-type mice
  (MGI Ref ID J:96803)
  • mice treated with GR 103691 exhibit shorter monosynaptic than longer-latency reflex amplitude unlike in wild-type mice
  (MGI Ref ID J:96803)
  • mice treated with 1 or 5 um dopamine exhibit led to an increase in MSR amplitude and reflex strength unlike in similarly treated wild-type mice
  (MGI Ref ID J:96803)

• hyperactivity
  • in an open field compared with wild-type mice
  (MGI Ref ID J:102600)

• abnormal motor coordination/balance
  • on day 2, mice exhibit improved performance on a rotarod compared with wild-type mice
  (MGI Ref ID J:102600)

behavior/neurological phenotype

• decreased startle reflex
  • mice exhibit reduced acoustic startle response amplitude compared with wild-type mice
  (MGI Ref ID J:154428)

behavior/neurological phenotype

• increased behavioral withdrawal response
  • 3 and 6 hours after discontinuation of ethanol treatment, mice exhibit increased levels of withdrawal scores compared with similarly treated wild-type mice
  (MGI Ref ID J:107932)
  • Normal - however, withdrawal scores at 12 and 18 hours are normal
  (MGI Ref ID J:107932)

• enhanced behavioral response to alcohol
  • after a single injection of ethanol, mice exhibit reduced onset time to sleep and longer sleep time compared with similarly treated wild-type mice
  (MGI Ref ID J:107932)

• decreased alcohol consumption
  • during chronic ethanol treatment
  (MGI Ref ID J:107932)

• abnormal behavioral response to addictive substance
  • mice treated with cocaine exhibit reduced hyperactivity and increased head bobbing compared with similarly treated wild-type mice
  (MGI Ref ID J:103704)

• head bobbing
  • cocaine-treated mice exhibit increased head bobbing compared with similarly treated wild-type mice
  (MGI Ref ID J:103704)

• hypoactivity
  • 5 days after cocaine treatment, mice exhibit less induced locomotion compared with similarly treated wild-type mice
  (MGI Ref ID J:103704)

behavior/neurological phenotype

• decreased anxiety-related response
  • mice exhibit more time in the center of the open field and with the open arms of an elevated plus maze compared with wild-type mice
  (MGI Ref ID J:44685)

behavior/neurological phenotype

• decreased grooming behavior
  • homozygotes tend to show reduced grooming behavior with a delayed onset; however, these differences are not statistically significant relative to wild-type grooming behavior
  (MGI Ref ID J:32128)

• impaired behavioral response to morphine
  • mice exhibit decreased morphine-induced conditioned place preference (CPP) compared with similarly treated wild-type mice
  (MGI Ref ID J:103701)
  • BP 897-treated mice fail to exhibit a decrease in morphine-induced CPP compared with similarly treated wild-type mice
  (MGI Ref ID J:103701)

• hyperactivity
  • in the open field test, homozygotes display hyperactivity, as shown by a 57% increase in locomotor activity (crossings) relative to wild-type mice
  (MGI Ref ID J:32128)

• impaired conditioned place preference behavior
  • mice exhibit decreased morphine-induced conditioned place preference (CPP) compared with similarly treated wild-type mice
  (MGI Ref ID J:103701)
  • BP 897-treated mice fail to exhibit a decrease in morphine-induced CPP compared with similarly treated wild-type mice
  (MGI Ref ID J:103701)

• increased exploration in new environment
  • in contrast, normal gait, coordination and primitive reflexes remain intact
  (MGI Ref ID J:32128)
  • homozygotes exhibit increased exploratory behavior in the open field test
  (MGI Ref ID J:32128)

• increased vertical activity
  • in the open field test, homozygotes display 93% more rearing episodes than wild-type mice
  (MGI Ref ID J:32128)

cardiovascular system phenotype

• increased systemic arterial diastolic blood pressure
  • after anesthesia with pentobarbital
  (MGI Ref ID J:115136)

• decreased systemic arterial systolic blood pressure
  • systolic blood pressure in losartan-treated mice remains depressed longer than similarly treated wild-type mice
  (MGI Ref ID J:115136)

• increased systemic arterial systolic blood pressure
  • after anesthesia with pentobarbital
  (MGI Ref ID J:115136)

homeostasis/metabolism phenotype

• increased renin activity
  • in the kidneys
  (MGI Ref ID J:115136)

• abnormal physiological response to xenobiotic
  • systolic blood pressure in losartan-treated mice remains depressed longer than similarly treated wild-type mice
  (MGI Ref ID J:115136)

• decreased urine sodium level
  • after acute saline loading
  (MGI Ref ID J:115136)

renal/urinary system phenotype

• decreased urine flow rate
  • after acute saline loading, urine flow is decreased compared to in wild-type mice
  (MGI Ref ID J:115136)

• decreased urine sodium level
  • after acute saline loading
  (MGI Ref ID J:115136)

cardiovascular system phenotype

• increased systemic arterial systolic blood pressure
  • after anesthesia with pentobarbital
  (MGI Ref ID J:115136)

• increased systemic arterial diastolic blood pressure
  • after anesthesia with pentobarbital
  (MGI Ref ID J:115136)

homeostasis/metabolism phenotype

• increased renin activity
  (MGI Ref ID J:115136)

behavior/neurological phenotype

• decreased grooming behavior
  • heterozygotes tend to show reduced grooming behavior with a delayed onset; however, these differences are not statistically significant relative to wild-type grooming behavior
  (MGI Ref ID J:32128)

• increased exploration in new environment
  • heterozygotes exhibit increased exploratory behavior in the open field, with a degree of hyperactivity comparable to than of homozygotes during the last 11 min of a 15-min test
  (MGI Ref ID J:32128)

• increased vertical activity
  • during the first part of the test
  (MGI Ref ID J:96229)
  • in the open field test, heterozygotes display 77% more rearing episodes than wild-type mice
  (MGI Ref ID J:32128)

• abnormal locomotor activation
  • during the first part of the test (increased early and decreased late) unlike wild-type mice
  (MGI Ref ID J:96229)

• hyperactivity
  • during the first part of the test
  (MGI Ref ID J:96229)
  • in the open field test, heterozygotes display hyperactivity, as shown by a 38% increase in locomotor activity (crossings) relative to wild-type mice
  (MGI Ref ID J:32128)

behavior/neurological phenotype

• decreased anxiety-related response
  • mice exhibit moderately more time in the center of the open field and with the open arms of an elevated plus maze compared with wild-type mice
  (MGI Ref ID J:44685)