JAX Mouse Strain Datasheet - 001976

NOD/ShiLtJ

Stock No:: 001976 |; NOD

Inbred Strain

Readily Available

Overview

Also Known As: NOD, Non-obese Diabetic

The NOD/ShiLtJ strain (commonly called NOD) is a polygenic model for autoimmune type 1 diabetes. Diabetes in NOD mice is characterized by hyperglycemia and insulitis, a leukocytic infiltration of the pancreatic islets. Marked decreases in pancreatic insulin content occur in females at about 12 weeks of age and several weeks later in males. 80% of females and 45% of males become diabetic by 30 weeks; median female incidence is 17 weeks. Immune phenotypes in the NOD background consist of defects in antigen presentation, T lymphocyte repertoire, NK cell function, macrophage cytokine production, wound healing, and C5 complement. These defects make the NOD background a common choice for immunodeficient mouse strains. Diabetes onset data is available.

Genetic overview

Genetic Background	Generation
	F117pF136 (05-AUG-14)

View Genetics

Research Applications

Developmental Biology Research
Diabetes and Obesity Research
Immunology, Inflammation and Autoimmunity Research
Internal/Organ Research
Neurobiology Research
Research Tools
Sensorineural Research

View All Research Applications

Base Price

Starting at:

$33.24 Domestic price for male 3-week

View Price List

Volume Pricing Available!

for select shipping destinations

Click for Details

Details

Important Note

This strain is homozygous for Cdh23^ahl, the age related hearing loss 1 mutation, which on this background results in progressive hearing loss that is already severe by three months of age.

Detailed Description

Diabetes in NOD/ShiLtJ mice is characterized by insulitis, a leukocytic infiltrate of the pancreatic islets. Marked decreases in pancreatic insulin content occur in females at about 12 weeks of age and several weeks later in males. Onset of diabetes is marked by moderate glycosuria and by a non-fasting plasma glucose higher than 250 mg/dl. Diabetic mice are hypoinsulinemic and hyperglucagonemic, indicating a selective destruction of pancreatic islet beta cells. Susceptibility to IDDM in NOD/ShiLtJ mice is polygenic, and environment, including housing conditions, health status, and diet, exerts a strong effect on penetrance. NOD/ShiLtJ females are more widely used than males because the onset of IDDM symptoms occurs earlier and with a higher incidence (90-100% by 30 weeks of age). NOD/ShiLtJ males develop IDDM at a frequency of between 40-60% by 30-40 weeks of age. Male mice are useful for certain applications, including pharmaceutical studies, "accelerated transfer" of IDDM, and some in vitro studies. The major component of diabetes susceptibility in NOD mice is the unique MHC haplotype (H2^g7 = K^d, Aa^d, Ab^g7, E^null, D^b). NOD mice also exhibit multiple aberrant immunophenotypes including defective antigen presenting cell immunoregulatory functions, defects in the regulation of theT lymphocyte repertoire, defective NK cell function, defective cytokine production from macrophages (Fan et al., 2004) and impaired wound healing. They also lack hemolytic complement, C5. NOD/ShiLtJ mice also are severely hearing-impaired. A variety of mutations causing immunodeficiencies, targeted mutations in cytokine genes, as well as transgenes affecting immune functions, have been backcrossed into the NOD/ShiLt inbred strain background.

Development

NOD inbred mice originated early on in the inbreeding of the Cataract Shionogi (CTS) strain. These mice were originally outbred Jcl:ICR mice. At F6, the progenitors of the future NOD/Shi mice were inbred on the basis of an elevated fasting blood glucose level in cataract-free mice. At F13, the NOD progenitors were separated from what is now the NON/Shi strain. High fasting blood glucose levels continued to be the basis for selection of the latter strain, while the NOD progenitors at F13 and later were selected on the basis of a normal fasting blood glucose level. In 1974, at F20, a female in the "normoglycemic" line spontaneously developed overt insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus with insulitis (IDDM). Selective breeding of the progeny of this diabetic female produced the nonobese diabetic (NOD) strain. Originally restricted to distribution in Japan, NOD substrains were distributed during the early 1980s to Australia and the United States. NOD and NON strains were imported from a colony in Kyoto, Japan by Dr. M. Hattori to the Joslin Diabetes Ceneter in Boston in 1984. Breeder pairs from this importation were sent from The Joslin Diabetes Center to Dr. E Leiter at The Jackson Laboratory, and are the source of the production strains NOD/ShiLtJ and NON/ShiLtJ. The current generation of inbreeding is F83.

Control Suggestions

Approximate Controls

001303 NOD.CB17-Prkdc^scid/J, (May be used as an approximate control for T and B cell dependent research)
002050 NOR/LtJ, (Recombinant congenic that carries a portion of the NOD/ShiLtJ genome)
002591 NOD.B10Sn-H2^b/J
003729 NOD.129S7(B6)-Rag1^tm1Mom/J, (May be used as an approximate control for T and B cell dependent research)
009122 ICR/HaJ, (Both the inbred ICR/HaJ (Stock #009122) and NOD/ShiLtJ are descended from ICR stock. Testing at The Jackson Laboratory confirms that ICR/HaJ carries the H2^g7 MHC haplotype. ICR/HaJ does not develop insulitis or diabetes and may be considered an approximate control for NOD/ShiLtJ.)

Additional Information

Considerations for Choosing Controls

Selected References

Leiter EH. 1993. The NOD mouse: A model for analyzing the interplay between heredity and environment in development of autoimmune disease ILAR News 35(1):4-14. MGI: J:12784
Makino S; Kunimoto K; Muraoka Y; Mizushima Y; Katagiri K; Tochino Y. 1980. Breeding of a non-obese, diabetic strain of mice. Jikken Dobutsu 29(1):1-13. PubMed: 6995140 MGI: J:25411
Serreze DV; Chapman HD; Varnum DS; Gerling I; Leiter EH; Shultz LD. 1997. Initiation of autoimmune diabetes in NOD/Lt mice is MHC class I-dependent. J Immunol 158(8):3978-86. PubMed: 9103469 MGI: J:39473

View All References

Genetics

Cdh23^ahl

Allele Symbol: Cdh23^ahl

Allele Name	age related hearing loss 1
Allele Type	Spontaneous
Allele Synonym(s)	Cdh23^753A; mdfw
Gene Symbol and Name	Cdh23, cadherin 23 (otocadherin)
Gene Synonym(s)	4930542A03Rik; 4930542A03Rik; CDHR23; RIKEN cDNA 4930542A03 gene; USH1D; W; age related hearing loss 1; ahl; ahl; bob; bob; bobby; bus; bustling; mdfw; mdfw; modifier of deaf waddler; neuroscience mutagenesis facility, 112; neuroscience mutagenesis facility, 181; neuroscience mutagenesis facility, 252; nmf112; nmf112; nmf181; nmf181; nmf252; nmf252; sals; sals; salsa; v; waltzer
Strain of Origin	multiple strains
Chromosome	10
Molecular Note	Genetic complementation tests have shown allelism between the mdfw (modifier of deaf waddler) locus and the ahl locus. Further analysis has shown this is caused by a G to A transition at nucleotide position 753 of Cdh23. This hypomorphic allele causes in frame skipping of exon 7, which is predicted to delete part of the 2nd and 3rd ectodomains, and cause reduced message stability. Twenty-seven strains classified with ahl and carrying the 753A allele include: CD1, RBF/DnJ, PL/J, AKR/J, RF/J, BALB/cBy, A/WySnJ, P/J, SENCARA/PtJ, DBA/1J, ALS/LtJ, C58/J, C57BLKS/J, 129P1/ReJ, C57BR/cd, SKH2/J, BUB/Bn, MA/MyJ, LP/J, 129X1/SvJ, NOR/LtJ, A/J, C57BL/6, NOD/LtJ, DBA/2J, ALR/LtJ, C57L/J. Strains classified with ahl that DO NOT carry this mutation include: C3H/HeSnJ, I/LnJ, YBR/Ei, MRL/MpJ.

Gpr84^del

Allele Symbol: Gpr84^del

Allele Name	deletion
Allele Type	Spontaneous (Not Specified)
Allele Synonym(s)
Gene Symbol and Name	Gpr84, G protein-coupled receptor 84
Gene Synonym(s)	EX33; GPCR4
Strain of Origin	multiple strains
Chromosome	15
Molecular Note	This spontaneously arising frameshift deletion is located in exon 2 at position 103308576 bp (NCBI Build 37) and results in a premature stop codon. The mutation is predicted to result in a truncated protein lacking the transmembrane domains 4-7. The inbred strains BDP/J, DBA/1J, DBA/2J, I/LnJ, FVB/NJ, LG/J, MRL/MpJ, NODShi/LtJ, NOR/LtJ, P/J, PL/J, SKHIN/Sprd, SJL/J, SM/J are homozygous for the deletion. The allele is segregating in the outbred stocks ICR and CD-1.

H2^g7

Allele Symbol: H2^g7

Allele Name	g7 variant
Allele Type	Not Applicable
Allele Synonym(s)
Gene Symbol and Name	H2, histocompatibility-2, MHC
Gene Synonym(s)	H-2; H-2; MHC-II
Strain of Origin	Not Applicable
Chromosome	17
General Note	The g7 variant has been observed in the following strains: DBR7, NON.NOD-H2^g7

Hc⁰

Allele Symbol: Hc⁰

Allele Name	deficient
Allele Type	Spontaneous
Allele Synonym(s)	C5-; C5-d; C5-def; C5-deficient; hc^o
Gene Symbol and Name	Hc, hemolytic complement
Gene Synonym(s)	C5; C5; C5D; C5a; C5b; CPAMD4; ECLZB; He; He
Strain of Origin	multiple strains
Chromosome	2
General Note	This is an allele characteristic of various inbred mouse strains including the following: A/HeJ, AKR/J, DBA/2J, NZB/B1NJ, SWR/J, B10.D2/oSnJ Hc was identified as a candidate gene for Abhr2 in a microarray analysis of lung mRNA from A/J, C3H/HeJ, and (A/J x C3H/HeJ)F1 x A/J backcross animals. Hc genotype shows statistically significant correlation to allergen-induced bronchial hyperresponsive phenotype. The A/J allele contains a 2 bp deletion resulting in deficient Hc mRNA and protein production and is associated with susceptibility to allergen-induced bronchial hyperresponsiveness. (J:108211)
Molecular Note	A 2 base "TA" deletion at positions 62 and 63 of an 83 base pair exon near the 5' end of the gene is found in the following mouse strains: A/HeJ, AKR/J, DBA/2J, NZB/B1NJ, SWR/J, B10.D2/oSnJ. The consequence of this deletion is the creation of a stop codon starting four bases after the deletion. A truncated product of 216 amino acids is predicted as a result although contradictory reports exist that a larger pro-C5 protein may be synthesized. Nevertheless, macrophages from mouse strains carrying this allele do not secrete complement 5.

Il2^m1

Allele Symbol: Il2^m1

Allele Name	mutation 1
Allele Type	Spontaneous
Allele Synonym(s)
Gene Symbol and Name	Il2, interleukin 2
Gene Synonym(s)	IL-2; Il-2; TCGF; lymphokine
Strain of Origin	multiple strains
Chromosome	3
Molecular Note	This hypoactive polymorphism, found in MRL/MpJ, SJL/J, and NOD/ShiLtJ inbred strains, includes a smaller polyglutamine tract predicted to shorten the first alpha helix, which forms part of the IL2 receptor binding site.

mt-Tr^m1

Allele Symbol: mt-Tr^m1

Allele Name	mutation 1
Allele Type	Spontaneous
Allele Synonym(s)	10A
Gene Symbol and Name	mt-Tr, mitochondrially encoded tRNA arginine
Gene Synonym(s)	MTTR; TrnR tRNA; tRNA; tRNA-Arg
Strain of Origin	various
Chromosome	MT
General Note	This polymorphism is present in A/J, NZB/B1NJ, ALS/Lt and NOD/ShiLtJ. A variant with 9 adenines is found in NOD/ShiLtDvs, ALR/Lt and SKH2/J.
Molecular Note	The adenine repeat in the D stem is polymorphic with 10 adenines in this allele.

Disease/Phenotype

Disease Terms

Research Areas By Genotype

This mouse can be used to support research in many areas including:

Developmental Biology Research
- Lymphoid Tissue Defects
  - hematopoietic defects
Diabetes and Obesity Research
- Hyperglycemia
- Hypoinsulinemia
- Impaired Wound Healing
- Islet Transplantation Studies
- Type 1 Diabetes (IDDM)
Immunology, Inflammation and Autoimmunity Research
- Autoimmunity
  - Type 1 Diabetes
Internal/Organ Research
- Wound Healing
  - delayed/impaired
Neurobiology Research
- Hearing Defects
  - Age related hearing loss
Research Tools
- Immunology, Inflammation and Autoimmunity Research
  - NK Cell Deficiency
Sensorineural Research
- Hearing Defects
  - Age related hearing loss

Genotype: Cdh23^ahl related

Neurobiology Research
- Hearing Defects
  - Age related hearing loss
Sensorineural Research
- Hearing Defects
  - Age related hearing loss

Genotype: H2^g7 related

Immunology, Inflammation and Autoimmunity Research
- CD Antigens, Antigen Receptors, and Histocompatibility Markers

Genotype: Hc⁰ related

Immunology, Inflammation and Autoimmunity Research
- Immunodeficiency
  - specific complement deficiency
Research Tools
- Immunology, Inflammation and Autoimmunity Research
  - specific complement deficiency, C5 complement

Phenotype Information

Body Weight Information - JAX^® Mice Strain NOD/ShiLtJ (001976)

References

Leiter EH. 1993. The NOD mouse: A model for analyzing the interplay between heredity and environment in development of autoimmune disease ILAR News 35(1):4-14. MGI: J:12784
Makino S; Kunimoto K; Muraoka Y; Mizushima Y; Katagiri K; Tochino Y. 1980. Breeding of a non-obese, diabetic strain of mice. Jikken Dobutsu 29(1):1-13. PubMed: 6995140 MGI: J:25411
Serreze DV; Chapman HD; Varnum DS; Gerling I; Leiter EH; Shultz LD. 1997. Initiation of autoimmune diabetes in NOD/Lt mice is MHC class I-dependent. J Immunol 158(8):3978-86. PubMed: 9103469 MGI: J:39473

Additional References

Bowman MA; Leiter EH; Atkinson MA. 1994. Prevention of diabetes in the NOD mouse: implications for therapeutic intervention in human disease. Immunol Today 15(3):115-20. PubMed: 8172643 MGI: J:17091
Chun T; Hermel E; Gaskins HR; Aldrich CJ. 2001. Cytotoxic T lymphocyte and cDNA sequence analyses of the MHC class Ib molecule Qa1 in nonobese diabetic mice. Immunogenetics 53(6):506-10. PubMed: 11685462 MGI: J:72438
Darby IA; Bisucci T; Hewitson TD; MacLellan DG. 1997. Apoptosis is increased in a model of diabetes-impaired wound healing in genetically diabetic mice. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 29(1):191-200. PubMed: 9076954 MGI: J:40898
Depis F; Kwon HK; Mathis D; Benoist C. 2016. Unstable FoxP3+ T regulatory cells in NZW mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A :. PubMed: 26768846 MGI: J:227903
DiLorenzo TP; Lieberman SM; Takaki T; Honda S; Chapman HD; Santamaria P; Serreze DV; Nathenson SG. 2002. During the early prediabetic period in NOD mice, the pathogenic CD8(+) T-cell population comprises multiple antigenic specificities. Clin Immunol 105(3):332-41. PubMed: 12498815 MGI: J:94192
Keane TM; Goodstadt L; Danecek P; White MA; Wong K; Yalcin B; Heger A; Agam A; Slater G; Goodson M; Furlotte NA; Eskin E; Nellaker C; Whitley H; Cleak J; Janowitz D; Hernandez-Pliego P; Edwards A; Belgard TG; Oliver PL; McIntyre RE; Bhomra A; Nicod J; Gan X; Yuan W; van der Weyden L; Steward CA; Bala S; Stalker J; Mott R; Durbin R; Jackson IJ; Czechanski A; Guerra-Assuncao JA; Donahue LR; Reinholdt LG; Payseur BA; Ponting CP; Birney E; Flint J; Adams DJ. 2011. Mouse genomic variation and its effect on phenotypes and gene regulation. Nature 477(7364):289-94. PubMed: 21921910 MGI: J:177037
Leiter EH. 1998. NOD Mice and Related Strains: Origins, Husbandry and Biology Introduction. In: NOD Mice and Related Strains: Research Applications in Diabetes, AIDS, Cancer, and Other Diseases. RG Landes, Austin. MGI: J:110093
Lynch DM; Kay PH. 1995. Studies on the polymorphism of the fifth component of complement in laboratory mice. Exp Clin Immunogenet 12(4):253-60. PubMed: 8919358 MGI: J:31912
Moy SS; Nadler JJ; Young NB; Nonneman RJ; Segall SK; Andrade GM; Crawley JN; Magnuson TR. 2008. Social approach and repetitive behavior in eleven inbred mouse strains. Behav Brain Res 191(1):118-29. PubMed: 18440079 MGI: J:138681
Nagy A; Nagashima H; Cha S; Oxford GE; Zelles T; Peck AB; Humphreys-Beher MG. 2001. Reduced oral wound healing in the NOD mouse model for type 1 autoimmune diabetes and its reversal by epidermal growth factor supplementation. Diabetes 50(9):2100-4. PubMed: 11522677 MGI: J:71049
Nutter CA; Jaworski EA; Verma SK; Deshmukh V; Wang Q; Botvinnik OB; Lozano MJ; Abass IJ; Ijaz T; Brasier AR; Garg NJ; Wehrens XH; Yeo GW; Kuyumcu-Martinez MN. 2016. Dysregulation of RBFOX2 Is an Early Event in Cardiac Pathogenesis of Diabetes. Cell Rep 15(10):2200-13. PubMed: 27239029 MGI: J:238102
Petkov PM; Cassell MA; Sargent EE; Donnelly CJ; Robinson P; Crew V; Asquith S; Haar RV; Wiles MV. 2004. Development of a SNP genotyping panel for genetic monitoring of the laboratory mouse. Genomics 83(5):902-11. PubMed: 15081119 MGI: J:89298
Pierce MA; Chapman HD; Post CM; Svetlanov A; Efrat S; Horwitz M; Serreze DV. 2003. Adenovirus early region 3 antiapoptotic 10.4K, 14.5K, and 14.7K genes decrease the incidence of autoimmune diabetes in NOD mice. Diabetes 52(5):1119-27. PubMed: 12716741 MGI: J:83195
Quintana FJ; Cohen IR. 2001. Autoantibody Patterns in Diabetes-prone NOD Mice and in Standard C57BL/6 Mice. J Autoimmun 17(3):191-7. PubMed: 11712856 MGI: J:72893
Serreze DV; Leiter EH. 1994. Genetic and pathogenic basis of autoimmune diabetes in NOD mice. Curr Opin Immunol 6(6):900-6. PubMed: 7710714 MGI: J:22216
Serreze DV; Post CM; Chapman HD; Johnson EA; Lu B; Rothman PB. 2000. Interferon-gamma receptor signaling is dispensable in the development of autoimmune type 1 diabetes in NOD mice. Diabetes 49(12):2007-11. PubMed: 11118001 MGI: J:65986
Trembleau S; Gregori S; Penna G; Gorny I; Adorini L. 2001. Il-12 administration reveals diabetogenic t cells in genetically resistant i-ealpha-transgenic nonobese diabetic mice: resistance to autoimmune diabetes is associated with binding of ealpha-derived peptides to the i-a(g7) molecule. J Immunol 167(7):4104-14. PubMed: 11564833 MGI: J:71651
Xie C; Sharma R; Wang H; Zhou XJ; Mohan C. 2004. Strain distribution pattern of susceptibility to immune-mediated nephritis. J Immunol 172(8):5047-55. PubMed: 15067087 MGI: J:122988

Additional - Cdh23^ahl related

Bosco A; Crish SD; Steele MR; Romero CO; Inman DM; Horner PJ; Calkins DJ; Vetter ML. 2012. Early reduction of microglia activation by irradiation in a model of chronic glaucoma. PLoS One 7(8):e43602. PubMed: 22952717 MGI: J:191663
Davis RR; Newlander JK; Ling X; Cortopassi GA; Krieg EF; Erway LC. 2001. Genetic basis for susceptibility to noise-induced hearing loss in mice. Hear Res 155(1-2):82-90. PubMed: 11335078 MGI: J:69679
Di Palma F; Pellegrino R; Noben-Trauth K. 2001. Genomic structure, alternative splice forms and normal and mutant alleles of cadherin 23 (Cdh23). Gene 281(1-2):31-41. PubMed: 11750125 MGI: J:73941
Fetoni AR; Picciotti PM; Paludetti G; Troiani D. 2011. Pathogenesis of presbycusis in animal models: a review. Exp Gerontol 46(6):413-25. PubMed: 21211561 MGI: J:186964
Han F; Yu H; Tian C; Chen HE; Benedict-Alderfer C; Zheng Y; Wang Q; Han X; Zheng QY. 2010. A new mouse mutant of the Cdh23 gene with early-onset hearing loss facilitates evaluation of otoprotection drugs. Pharmacogenomics J :. PubMed: 20644563 MGI: J:174758
Hurd EA; Adams ME; Layman WS; Swiderski DL; Beyer LA; Halsey KE; Benson JM; Gong TW; Dolan DF; Raphael Y; Martin DM. 2011. Mature middle and inner ears express Chd7 and exhibit distinctive pathologies in a mouse model of CHARGE syndrome. Hear Res 282(1-2):184-95. PubMed: 21875659 MGI: J:220430
Johnson KR; Erway LC; Cook SA; Willott JF; Zheng QY. 1997. A major gene affecting age-related hearing loss in C57BL/6J mice Hear Res 114(1-2):83-92. PubMed: 9447922 MGI: J:44966
Johnson KR; Longo-Guess C; Gagnon LH; Yu H; Zheng QY. 2008. A locus on distal chromosome 11 (ahl8) and its interaction with Cdh23 ahl underlie the early onset, age-related hearing loss of DBA/2J mice. Genomics 92(4):219-25. PubMed: 18662770 MGI: J:139223
Johnson KR; Tian C; Gagnon LH; Jiang H; Ding D; Salvi R. 2017. Effects of Cdh23 single nucleotide substitutions on age-related hearing loss in C57BL/6 and 129S1/Sv mice and comparisons with congenic strains. Sci Rep 7:44450. PubMed: 28287619 MGI: J:241137
Johnson KR; Yu H; Ding D; Jiang H; Gagnon LH; Salvi RJ. 2010. Separate and combined effects of Sod1 and Cdh23 mutations on age-related hearing loss and cochlear pathology in C57BL/6J mice. Hear Res 268(1-2):85-92. PubMed: 20470874 MGI: J:163035
Johnson KR; Zheng QY; Bykhovskaya Y; Spirina O; Fischel-Ghodsian N. 2001. A nuclear-mitochondrial DNA interaction affecting hearing impairment in mice. Nat Genet 27(2):191-4. PubMed: 11175788 MGI: J:67312
Johnson KR; Zheng QY; Noben-Trauth K. 2006. Strain background effects and genetic modifiers of hearing in mice. Brain Res 1091(1):79-88. PubMed: 16579977 MGI: J:110459
Johnson KR; Zheng QY; Weston MD; Ptacek LJ; Noben-Trauth K. 2005. The Mass1(frings) mutation underlies early onset hearing impairment in BUB/BnJ mice, a model for the auditory pathology of Usher syndrome IIC. Genomics 85(5):582-90. PubMed: 15820310 MGI: J:97534
Kane KL; Longo-Guess CM; Gagnon LH; Ding D; Salvi RJ; Johnson KR. 2012. Genetic background effects on age-related hearing loss associated with Cdh23 variants in mice. Hear Res 283(1-2):80-8. PubMed: 22138310 MGI: J:183757
Keithley EM; Canto C; Zheng QY; Fischel-Ghodsian N; Johnson KR. 2004. Age-related hearing loss and the ahl locus in mice. Hear Res 188(1-2):21-8. PubMed: 14759567 MGI: J:87783
Liu X; Bulgakov OV; Darrow KN; Pawlyk B; Adamian M; Liberman MC; Li T. 2007. Usherin is required for maintenance of retinal photoreceptors and normal development of cochlear hair cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 104(11):4413-8. PubMed: 17360538 MGI: J:118927
Manji SS; Williams LH; Miller KA; Ooms LM; Bahlo M; Mitchell CA; Dahl HH. 2011. A mutation in synaptojanin 2 causes progressive hearing loss in the ENU-mutagenised mouse strain Mozart. PLoS One 6(3):e17607. PubMed: 21423608 MGI: J:171701
Mathews CE; Leiter EH. 1999. Resistance of ALR/Lt islets to free radical-mediated diabetogenic stress is inherited as a dominant trait. Diabetes 48(11):2189-96. PubMed: 10535453 MGI: J:109893
Murillo-Cuesta S; Rodriguez-de la Rosa L; Contreras J; Celaya AM; Camarero G; Rivera T; Varela-Nieto I. 2015. Transforming growth factor beta1 inhibition protects from noise-induced hearing loss. Front Aging Neurosci 7:32. PubMed: 25852546 MGI: J:242536
Nadeau JH. 2003. Modifier genes and protective alleles in humans and mice. Curr Opin Genet Dev 13(3):290-5. PubMed: 12787792 MGI: J:88012
Nagtegaal AP; Rainey RN; van der Pluijm I; Brandt RM; van der Horst GT; Borst JG; Segil N. 2015. Cockayne syndrome group B (csb) and group a (csa) deficiencies predispose to hearing loss and cochlear hair cell degeneration in mice. J Neurosci 35(10):4280-6. PubMed: 25762674 MGI: J:219993
Noben-Trauth K; Latoche JR; Neely HR; Bennett B. 2010. Phenotype and genetics of progressive sensorineural hearing loss (Snhl1) in the LXS set of recombinant inbred strains of mice. PLoS One 5(7):e11459. PubMed: 20628639 MGI: J:163117
Noben-Trauth K; Zheng QY; Johnson KR. 2003. Association of cadherin 23 with polygenic inheritance and genetic modification of sensorineural hearing loss. Nat Genet 35(1):21-3. PubMed: 12910270 MGI: J:86905
Noben-Trauth K; Zheng QY; Johnson KR; Nishina PM. 1997. mdfw: a deafness susceptibility locus that interacts with deaf waddler (dfw). Genomics 44(3):266-72. PubMed: 9325047 MGI: J:38429
Perrin BJ; Sonnemann KJ; Ervasti JM. 2010. beta-actin and gamma-actin are each dispensable for auditory hair cell development but required for Stereocilia maintenance. PLoS Genet 6(10):e1001158. PubMed: 20976199 MGI: J:167543
Perrin BJ; Strandjord DM; Narayanan P; Henderson DM; Johnson KR; Ervasti JM. 2013. beta-Actin and Fascin-2 Cooperate to Maintain Stereocilia Length. J Neurosci 33(19):8114-21. PubMed: 23658152 MGI: J:197137
Vazquez AE; Jimenez AM; Martin GK; Luebke AE; Lonsbury-Martin BL. 2004. Evaluating cochlear function and the effects of noise exposure in the B6.CAST+Ahl mouse with distortion product otoacoustic emissions. Hear Res 194(1-2):87-96. PubMed: 15276680 MGI: J:117746
Watson CJ; Tempel BL. 2013. A new Atp2b2 deafwaddler allele, dfw(i5), interacts strongly with Cdh23 and other auditory modifiers. Hear Res 304:41-8. PubMed: 23792079 MGI: J:220660
Zheng QY; Johnson KR. 2001. Hearing loss associated with the modifier of deaf waddler (mdfw) locus corresponds with age-related hearing loss in 12 inbred strains of mice. Hear Res 154(1-2):45-53. PubMed: 11423214 MGI: J:70964
Zheng QY; Scarborough JD; Zheng Y; Yu H; Choi D; Gillespie PG. 2012. Digenic inheritance of deafness caused by 8J allele of myosin-VIIA and mutations in other Usher I genes. Hum Mol Genet 21(11):2588-98. PubMed: 22381527 MGI: J:183898
Zilberstein Y; Liberman MC; Corfas G. 2012. Inner hair cells are not required for survival of spiral ganglion neurons in the adult cochlea. J Neurosci 32(2):405-10. PubMed: 22238076 MGI: J:179911

Additional - Gpr84^del related

Perez CJ; Dumas A; Vallieres L; Guenet JL; Benavides F. 2013. Several classical mouse inbred strains, including DBA/2, NOD/Lt, FVB/N, and SJL/J, carry a putative loss-of-function allele of Gpr84. J Hered 104(4):565-71. PubMed: 23616478 MGI: J:237405

Additional - H2^g7 related

Auger JL; Haasken S; Steinert EM; Binstadt BA. 2012. Incomplete TCR-beta allelic exclusion accelerates spontaneous autoimmune arthritis in K/BxN TCR transgenic mice. Eur J Immunol 42(9):2354-62. PubMed: 22706882 MGI: J:187944
Bassi EJ; Moraes-Vieira PM; Moreira-Sa CS; Almeida DC; Vieira LM; Cunha CS; Hiyane MI; Basso AS; Pacheco-Silva A; Camara NO. 2012. Immune regulatory properties of allogeneic adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of experimental autoimmune diabetes. Diabetes 61(10):2534-45. PubMed: 22688334 MGI: J:208536
Belizaire R; Unanue ER. 2009. Targeting proteins to distinct subcellular compartments reveals unique requirements for MHC class I and II presentation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 106(41):17463-8. PubMed: 19805168 MGI: J:153672
Binstadt BA; Hebert JL; Ortiz-Lopez A; Bronson R; Benoist C; Mathis D. 2009. The same systemic autoimmune disease provokes arthritis and endocarditis via distinct mechanisms. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 106(39):16758-63. PubMed: 19805369 MGI: J:153217
Carrasco-Marin E; Shimizu J; Kanagawa O; Unanue ER. 1996. The class II MHC I-Ag7 molecules from non-obese diabetic mice are poor peptide binders. J Immunol 156(2):450-8. PubMed: 8543793 MGI: J:30538
Choisy-Rossi CM; Holl TM; Pierce MA; Chapman HD; Serreze DV. 2004. Enhanced pathogenicity of diabetogenic T cells escaping a non-MHC gene-controlled near death experience. J Immunol 173(6):3791-800. PubMed: 15356126 MGI: J:167508
Driver JP; Chen YG; Zhang W; Asrat S; Serreze DV. 2011. Unmasking genes in a type 1 diabetes-resistant mouse strain that enhances pathogenic CD8 T-cell responses. Diabetes 60(4):1354-9. PubMed: 21307079 MGI: J:171763
Driver JP; Scheuplein F; Chen YG; Grier AE; Wilson SB; Serreze DV. 2010. Invariant natural killer T-cell control of type 1 diabetes: a dendritic cell genetic decision of a silver bullet or Russian roulette. Diabetes 59(2):423-32. PubMed: 19903740 MGI: J:164162
Ferreira C; Singh Y; Furmanski AL; Wong FS; Garden OA; Dyson J. 2009. Non-obese diabetic mice select a low-diversity repertoire of natural regulatory T cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 106(20):8320-5. PubMed: 19359477 MGI: J:148537
Fossati G; Cooke A; Papafio RQ; Haskins K; Stockinger B. 1999. Triggering a second T cell receptor on diabetogenic T cells can prevent induction of diabetes. J Exp Med 190(4):577-83. PubMed: 10449528 MGI: J:108724
Fousteri G; Jasinski J; Dave A; Nakayama M; Pagni P; Lambolez F; Juntti T; Sarikonda G; Cheng Y; Croft M; Cheroutre H; Eisenbarth G; von Herrath M. 2012. Following the fate of one insulin-reactive CD4 T cell: conversion into Teffs and Tregs in the periphery controls diabetes in NOD mice. Diabetes 61(5):1169-79. PubMed: 22403296 MGI: J:196727
Gray D; Abramson J; Benoist C; Mathis D. 2007. Proliferative arrest and rapid turnover of thymic epithelial cells expressing Aire. J Exp Med 204(11):2521-8. PubMed: 17908938 MGI: J:126040
Haasken S; Auger JL; Taylor JJ; Hobday PM; Goudy BD; Titcombe PJ; Mueller DL; Binstadt BA. 2013. Macrophage scavenger receptor 1 (Msr1, SR-A) influences B cell autoimmunity by regulating soluble autoantigen concentration. J Immunol 191(3):1055-62. PubMed: 23794629 MGI: J:205440
Jasinski JM; Yu L; Nakayama M; Li MM; Lipes MA; Eisenbarth GS; Liu E. 2006. Transgenic insulin (B:9-23) T-cell receptor mice develop autoimmune diabetes dependent upon RAG genotype, H-2g7 homozygosity, and insulin 2 gene knockout. Diabetes 55(7):1978-84. PubMed: 16804066 MGI: J:111874
Klein J; Figueroa F; David CS. 1983. H-2 haplotypes, genes and antigens: second listing. II. The H-2 complex. Immunogenetics 17(6):553-96. PubMed: 6407984 MGI: J:7097
Kouskoff V; Korganow AS; Duchatelle V; Degott C; Benoist C; Mathis D. 1996. Organ-specific disease provoked by systemic autoimmunity. Cell 87(5):811-22. PubMed: 8945509 MGI: J:36815
Lee JS; Scandiuzzi L; Ray A; Wei J; Hofmeyer KA; Abadi YM; Loke P; Lin J; Yuan J; Serreze DV; Allison JP; Zang X. 2012. B7x in the periphery abrogates pancreas-specific damage mediated by self-reactive CD8 T cells. J Immunol 189(8):4165-74. PubMed: 22972920 MGI: J:190522
Lee MS; Mueller R; Wicker LS; Peterson LB; Sarvetnick N. 1996. IL-10 is necessary and sufficient for autoimmune diabetes in conjunction with NOD MHC homozygosity. J Exp Med 183(6):2663-8. PubMed: 8676087 MGI: J:153576
Leiter EH. 1998. NOD Mice and Related Strains: Origins, Husbandry and Biology Introduction. In: NOD Mice and Related Strains: Research Applications in Diabetes, AIDS, Cancer, and Other Diseases. RG Landes, Austin. MGI: J:110093
Levisetti MG; Lewis DM; Suri A; Unanue ER. 2008. Weak proinsulin peptide-major histocompatibility complexes are targeted in autoimmune diabetes in mice. Diabetes 57(7):1852-60. PubMed: 18398138 MGI: J:138230
Luhder F; Katz J; Benoist C; Mathis D. 1998. Major histocompatibility complex class II molecules can protect from diabetes by positively selecting T cells with additional specificities. J Exp Med 187(3):379-87. PubMed: 9449718 MGI: J:108722
Ma YD; Park C; Zhao H; Oduro KA Jr; Tu X; Long F; Allen PM; Teitelbaum SL; Choi K. 2009. Defects in osteoblast function but no changes in long-term repopulating potential of hematopoietic stem cells in a mouse chronic inflammatory arthritis model. Blood 114(20):4402-10. PubMed: 19759358 MGI: J:154922
Mahler M; Bristol IJ; Leiter EH; Workman AE; Birkenmeier EH; Elson CO; Sundberg JP. 1998. Differential susceptibility of inbred mouse strains to dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis. Am J Physiol 274(3 Pt 1):G544-51. PubMed: 9530156 MGI: J:46553
Mangada J; Pearson T; Brehm MA; Wicker LS; Peterson LB; Shultz LD; Serreze DV; Rossini AA; Greiner DL. 2009. Idd loci synergize to prolong islet allograft survival induced by costimulation blockade in NOD mice. Diabetes 58(1):165-73. PubMed: 18984741 MGI: J:146982
Martin-Orozco N; Chen Z; Poirot L; Hyatt E; Chen A; Kanagawa O; Sharpe A; Mathis D; Benoist C. 2003. Paradoxical dampening of anti-islet self-reactivity but promotion of diabetes by OX40 ligand. J Immunol 171(12):6954-60. PubMed: 14662903 MGI: J:86926
Martinez RJ; Zhang N; Thomas SR; Nandiwada SL; Jenkins MK; Binstadt BA; Mueller DL. 2012. Arthritogenic self-reactive CD4+ T cells acquire an FR4hiCD73hi anergic state in the presence of Foxp3+ regulatory T cells. J Immunol 188(1):170-81. PubMed: 22124124 MGI: J:180819
Pearson T; Markees TG; Serreze DV; Pierce MA; Marron MP; Wicker LS; Peterson LB; Shultz LD; Mordes JP; Rossini AA; Greiner DL. 2003. Genetic disassociation of autoimmunity and resistance to costimulation blockade-induced transplantation tolerance in nonobese diabetic mice. J Immunol 171(1):185-95. PubMed: 12816997 MGI: J:109845
Perera J; Meng L; Meng F; Huang H. 2013. Autoreactive thymic B cells are efficient antigen-presenting cells of cognate self-antigens for T cell negative selection. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 110(42):17011-6. PubMed: 24082098 MGI: J:202000
Podolin PL; Pressey A; DeLarato NH; Fischer PA; Peterson LB; Wicker LS. 1993. I-E+ nonobese diabetic mice develop insulitis and diabetes. J Exp Med 178(3):793-803. PubMed: 8350054 MGI: J:14178
Rajasekaran N; Wang N; Hang Y; Macaubas C; Rinderknecht C; Beilhack GF; Shizuru JA; Mellins ED. 2013. B6.g7 mice reconstituted with BDC2.5 non-obese diabetic (BDC2.5NOD) stem cells do not develop autoimmune diabetes. Clin Exp Immunol 174(1):27-37. PubMed: 23795893 MGI: J:200611
Serreze DV; Gallichan WS; Snider DP; Croitoru K; Rosenthal KL; Leiter EH; Christianson GJ; Dudley ME; Roopenian DC. 1996. MHC class I-mediated antigen presentation and induction of CD8+ cytotoxic T-cell responses in autoimmune diabetes-prone NOD mice. Diabetes 45(7):902-8. PubMed: 8666141 MGI: J:33688
Suwanai H; Wilcox MA; Mathis D; Benoist C. 2010. A defective Il15 allele underlies the deficiency in natural killer cell activity in nonobese diabetic mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 107(20):9305-10. PubMed: 20439722 MGI: J:160284
Taylor JJ; Martinez RJ; Titcombe PJ; Barsness LO; Thomas SR; Zhang N; Katzman SD; Jenkins MK; Mueller DL. 2012. Deletion and anergy of polyclonal B cells specific for ubiquitous membrane-bound self-antigen. J Exp Med 209(11):2065-77. PubMed: 23071255 MGI: J:190897
Turley SJ; Lee JW; Dutton-Swain N; Mathis D; Benoist C. 2005. Endocrine self and gut non-self intersect in the pancreatic lymph nodes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 102(49):17729-33. PubMed: 16317068 MGI: J:104385
Victoratos P; Kollias G. 2009. Induction of autoantibody-mediated spontaneous arthritis critically depends on follicular dendritic cells. Immunity 30(1):130-42. PubMed: 19119026 MGI: J:143728
Wang JX; Bair AM; King SL; Shnayder R; Huang YF; Shieh CC; Soberman RJ; Fuhlbrigge RC; Nigrovic PA. 2012. Ly6G ligation blocks recruitment of neutrophils via a beta2-integrin-dependent mechanism. Blood 120(7):1489-98. PubMed: 22661700 MGI: J:189105
Wei J; Loke P; Zang X; Allison JP. 2011. Tissue-specific expression of B7x protects from CD4 T cell-mediated autoimmunity. J Exp Med 208(8):1683-94. PubMed: 21727190 MGI: J:177612
Wong FS; Du W; Thomas IJ; Wen L. 2005. The influence of the major histocompatibility complex on development of autoimmune diabetes in RIP-B7.1 mice. Diabetes 54(7):2032-40. PubMed: 15983204 MGI: J:109830
Yoshida T; Jiang F; Honjo T; Okazaki T. 2008. PD-1 deficiency reveals various tissue-specific autoimmunity by H-2b and dose-dependent requirement of H-2g7 for diabetes in NOD mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 105(9):3533-8. PubMed: 18299579 MGI: J:132764
Zhang C; Todorov I; Lin CL; Atkinson M; Kandeel F; Forman S; Zeng D. 2007. Elimination of insulitis and augmentation of islet beta cell regeneration via induction of chimerism in overtly diabetic NOD mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 104(7):2337-42. PubMed: 17267595 MGI: J:119749

Additional - Hc⁰ related

Actor JK; Breij E; Wetsel RA; Hoffmann H; Hunter RL Jr; Jagannath C. 2001. A role for complement C5 in organism containment and granulomatous response during murine tuberculosis. Scand J Immunol 53(5):464-74. PubMed: 11309154 MGI: J:103981
Addis-Lieser E; Kohl J; Chiaramonte MG. 2005. Opposing regulatory roles of complement factor 5 in the development of bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis. J Immunol 175(3):1894-902. PubMed: 16034133 MGI: J:107269
Anderson AL; Sporici R; Lambris J; Larosa D; Levinson AI. 2006. Pathogenesis of B-cell superantigen-induced immune complex-mediated inflammation. Infect Immun 74(2):1196-203. PubMed: 16428769 MGI: J:104987
Barthlott T; Stockinger B. 2001. Lineage fate alteration of thymocytes developing in an MHC environment containing MHC/peptide ligands with antagonist properties. Eur J Immunol 31(12):3595-601. PubMed: 11745379 MGI: J:151748
Baudino L; Sardini A; Ruseva MM; Fossati-Jimack L; Cook HT; Scott D; Simpson E; Botto M. 2014. C3 opsonization regulates endocytic handling of apoptotic cells resulting in enhanced T-cell responses to cargo-derived antigens. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 111(4):1503-8. PubMed: 24474777 MGI: J:206648
Bauer K; Yu X; Wernhoff P; Koczan D; Thiesen HJ; Ibrahim SM. 2004. Identification of new quantitative trait loci in mice with collagen-induced arthritis. Arthritis Rheum 50(11):3721-8. PubMed: 15529344 MGI: J:94347
Binstadt BA; Hebert JL; Ortiz-Lopez A; Bronson R; Benoist C; Mathis D. 2009. The same systemic autoimmune disease provokes arthritis and endocarditis via distinct mechanisms. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 106(39):16758-63. PubMed: 19805369 MGI: J:153217
Bode J; Dutow P; Sommer K; Janik K; Glage S; Tummler B; Munder A; Laudeley R; Sachse KW; Klos A. 2012. A new role of the complement system: C3 provides protection in a mouse model of lung infection with intracellular Chlamydia psittaci. PLoS One 7(11):e50327. PubMed: 23189195 MGI: J:194784
Bora NS; Kaliappan S; Jha P; Xu Q; Sohn JH; Dhaulakhandi DB; Kaplan HJ; Bora PS. 2006. Complement activation via alternative pathway is critical in the development of laser-induced choroidal neovascularization: role of factor B and factor H. J Immunol 177(3):1872-8. PubMed: 16849499 MGI: J:138026
Borders CW; Courtney A; Ronen K; Pilar Laborde-Lahoz M; Guidry TV; Hwang SA; Olsen M; Hunter RL Jr; Hollmann TJ; Wetsel RA; Actor JK. 2005. Requisite role for complement C5 and the C5a receptor in granulomatous response to mycobacterial glycolipid trehalose 6,6'-dimycolate. Scand J Immunol 62(2):123-30. PubMed: 16101818 MGI: J:114316
Bosco A; Crish SD; Steele MR; Romero CO; Inman DM; Horner PJ; Calkins DJ; Vetter ML. 2012. Early reduction of microglia activation by irradiation in a model of chronic glaucoma. PLoS One 7(8):e43602. PubMed: 22952717 MGI: J:191663
Bulla R; Tripodo C; Rami D; Ling GS; Agostinis C; Guarnotta C; Zorzet S; Durigutto P; Botto M; Tedesco F. 2016. C1q acts in the tumour microenvironment as a cancer-promoting factor independently of complement activation. Nat Commun 7:10346. PubMed: 26831747 MGI: J:236291
CINADER B; DUBISKI S; WARDLAW AC. 1964. DISTRIBUTION, INHERITANCE, AND PROPERTIES OF AN ANTIGEN, MUB1, AND ITS RELATION TO HEMOLYTIC COMPLEMENT. J Exp Med 120:897-924. PubMed: 14247728 MGI: J:13003
Carter WO; Bull C; Bortolon E; Yang L; Jesmok GJ; Gundel RH. 1998. A murine skeletal muscle ischemia-reperfusion injury model: differential pathology in BALB/c and DBA/2N mice. J Appl Physiol 85(5):1676-83. PubMed: 9804569 MGI: J:51187
Chen HC; Hofman FM; Kung JT; Lin YD; Wu-Hsieh BA. 2007. Both virus and tumor necrosis factor alpha are critical for endothelium damage in a mouse model of dengue virus-induced hemorrhage. J Virol 81(11):5518-26. PubMed: 17360740 MGI: J:153322
Chen J; Reifsnyder PC; Scheuplein F; Schott WH; Mileikovsky M; Soodeen-Karamath S; Nagy A; Dosch MH; Ellis J; Koch-Nolte F; Leiter EH. 2005. 'Agouti NOD': identification of a CBA-derived Idd locus on Chromosome 7 and its use for chimera production with NOD embryonic stem cells. Mamm Genome 16(10):775-83. PubMed: 16261419 MGI: J:102639
Cunnion KM; Benjamin DK Jr; Hester CG; Frank MM. 2004. Role of complement receptors 1 and 2 (CD35 and CD21), C3, C4, and C5 in survival by mice of Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia. J Lab Clin Med 143(6):358-65. PubMed: 15192652 MGI: J:101948
Daniel DS; Dai G; Singh CR; Lindsey DR; Smith AK; Dhandayuthapani S; Hunter RL Jr; Jagannath C. 2006. The reduced bactericidal function of complement C5-deficient murine macrophages is associated with defects in the synthesis and delivery of reactive oxygen radicals to mycobacterial phagosomes. J Immunol 177(7):4688-98. PubMed: 16982908 MGI: J:139313
Deguchi Y; Andoh A; Inatomi O; Araki Y; Hata K; Tsujikawa T; Kitoh K; Fujiyama Y. 2005. Development of dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis is aggravated in mice genetically deficient for complement C5. Int J Mol Med 16(4):605-8. PubMed: 16142393 MGI: J:107581
Ehrnthaller C; Huber-Lang M; Nilsson P; Bindl R; Redeker S; Recknagel S; Rapp A; Mollnes T; Amling M; Gebhard F; Ignatius A. 2013. Complement C3 and C5 deficiency affects fracture healing. PLoS One 8(11):e81341. PubMed: 24260573 MGI: J:209669
Fairweather D; Frisancho-Kiss S; Njoku DB; Nyland JF; Kaya Z; Yusung SA; Davis SE; Frisancho JA; Barrett MA; Rose NR. 2006. Complement receptor 1 and 2 deficiency increases coxsackievirus B3-induced myocarditis, dilated cardiomyopathy, and heart failure by increasing macrophages, IL-1beta, and immune complex deposition in the heart. J Immunol 176(6):3516-24. PubMed: 16517720 MGI: J:129509
Ferreira C; Barthlott T; Garcia S; Zamoyska R; Stockinger B. 2000. Differential survival of naive CD4 and CD8 T cells. J Immunol 165(7):3689-94. PubMed: 11034373 MGI: J:151749
Flierl MA; Rittirsch D; Nadeau BA; Day DE; Zetoune FS; Sarma JV; Huber-Lang MS; Ward PA. 2008. Functions of the complement components C3 and C5 during sepsis. FASEB J 22(10):3483-90. PubMed: 18587006 MGI: J:140250
Flynn S; Stockinger B. 2003. Tumor and CD4 T-cell interactions: tumor escape as result of reciprocal inactivation. Blood 101(11):4472-8. PubMed: 12543861 MGI: J:151744
Fossati G; Cooke A; Papafio RQ; Haskins K; Stockinger B. 1999. Triggering a second T cell receptor on diabetogenic T cells can prevent induction of diabetes. J Exp Med 190(4):577-83. PubMed: 10449528 MGI: J:108724
Fossati-Jimack L; Ling GS; Baudino L; Szajna M; Manivannan K; Zhao JC; Midgley R; Chai JG; Simpson E; Botto M; Scott D. 2015. Intranasal peptide-induced tolerance and linked suppression: consequences of complement deficiency. Immunology 144(1):149-57. PubMed: 25039245 MGI: J:220131
Freeley SJ; Popat RJ; Parmar K; Kolev M; Hunt BJ; Stover CM; Schwaeble W; Kemper C; Robson MG. 2016. Experimentally-induced anti-myeloperoxidase vasculitis does not require properdin, MASP-2 or bone marrow-derived C5. J Pathol 240(1):61-71. PubMed: 27235854 MGI: J:241547
Garcia S; DiSanto J; Stockinger B. 1999. Following the development of a CD4 T cell response in vivo: from activation to memory formation. Immunity 11(2):163-71. PubMed: 10485651 MGI: J:151750
Girardi G; Berman J; Redecha P; Spruce L; Thurman JM; Kraus D; Hollmann TJ; Casali P; Caroll MC; Wetsel RA; Lambris JD; Holers VM; Salmon JE. 2003. Complement C5a receptors and neutrophils mediate fetal injury in the antiphospholipid syndrome. J Clin Invest 112(11):1644-54. PubMed: 14660741 MGI: J:86845
Hillebrandt S; Wasmuth HE; Weiskirchen R; Hellerbrand C; Keppeler H; Werth A; Schirin-Sokhan R; Wilkens G; Geier A; Lorenzen J; Kohl J; Gressner AM; Matern S; Lammert F. 2005. Complement factor 5 is a quantitative trait gene that modifies liver fibrogenesis in mice and humans. Nat Genet 37(8):835-43. PubMed: 15995705 MGI: J:100159
Ji H; Gauguier D; Ohmura K; Gonzalez A; Duchatelle V; Danoy P; Garchon HJ; Degott C; Lathrop M; Benoist C; Mathis D. 2001. Genetic influences on the end-stage effector phase of arthritis. J Exp Med 194(3):321-30. PubMed: 11489951 MGI: J:70882
Karp CL; Grupe A; Schadt E; Ewart SL; Keane-Moore M; Cuomo PJ; Kohl J; Wahl L; Kuperman D; Germer S; Aud D; Peltz G; Wills-Karp M. 2000. Identification of complement factor 5 as a susceptibility locus for experimental allergic asthma. Nat Immunol 1(3):221-6. PubMed: 10973279 MGI: J:108211
Kassiotis G; Garcia S; Simpson E; Stockinger B. 2002. Impairment of immunological memory in the absence of MHC despite survival of memory T cells. Nat Immunol 3(3):244-50. PubMed: 11836529 MGI: J:151747
Kassiotis G; Zamoyska R; Stockinger B. 2003. Involvement of avidity for major histocompatibility complex in homeostasis of naive and memory T cells. J Exp Med 197(8):1007-16. PubMed: 12707300 MGI: J:151743
Kawikova I; Paliwal V; Szczepanik M; Itakura A; Fukui M; Campos RA; Geba GP; Homer RJ; Iliopoulou BP; Pober JS; Tsuji RF; Askenase PW. 2004. Airway hyper-reactivity mediated by B-1 cell immunoglobulin M antibody generating complement C5a at 1 day post-immunization in a murine hapten model of non-atopic asthma. Immunology 113(2):234-45. PubMed: 15379984 MGI: J:92933
Kerepesi LA; Hess JA; Nolan TJ; Schad GA; Abraham D. 2006. Complement component C3 is required for protective innate and adaptive immunity to larval strongyloides stercoralis in mice. J Immunol 176(7):4315-22. PubMed: 16547268 MGI: J:129872
Kim CH; Wu W; Wysoczynski M; Abdel-Latif A; Sunkara M; Morris A; Kucia M; Ratajczak J; Ratajczak MZ. 2012. Conditioning for hematopoietic transplantation activates the complement cascade and induces a proteolytic environment in bone marrow: a novel role for bioactive lipids and soluble C5b-C9 as homing factors. Leukemia 26(1):106-16. PubMed: 21769103 MGI: J:181063
Kim DD; Miwa T; Kimura Y; Schwendener RA; van Lookeren Campagne M; Song WC. 2008. Deficiency of decay-accelerating factor and complement receptor 1-related gene/protein y on murine platelets leads to complement-dependent clearance by the macrophage phagocytic receptor CRIg. Blood 112(4):1109-19. PubMed: 18524992 MGI: J:138410
Kirimanjeswara GS; Mann PB; Pilione M; Kennett MJ; Harvill ET. 2005. The complex mechanism of antibody-mediated clearance of Bordetella from the lungs requires TLR4. J Immunol 175(11):7504-11. PubMed: 16301658 MGI: J:122156
Kwan WH; Hashimoto D; Paz-Artal E; Ostrow K; Greter M; Raedler H; Medof ME; Merad M; Heeger PS. 2012. Antigen-presenting cell-derived complement modulates graft-versus-host disease. J Clin Invest 122(6):2234-8. PubMed: 22585573 MGI: J:190492
Kyriakides C; Austen W Jr; Wang Y; Favuzza J; Kobzik L; Moore FD Jr; Hechtman HB. 1999. Membrane attack complex of complement and neutrophils mediate the injury of acid aspiration. J Appl Physiol 87(6):2357-61. PubMed: 10601189 MGI: J:103341
Lee HM; Wu W; Wysoczynski M; Liu R; Zuba-Surma EK; Kucia M; Ratajczak J; Ratajczak MZ. 2009. Impaired mobilization of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells in C5-deficient mice supports the pivotal involvement of innate immunity in this process and reveals novel promobilization effects of granulocytes. Leukemia 23(11):2052-62. PubMed: 19657368 MGI: J:154482
Lee HM; Wysoczynski M; Liu R; Shin DM; Kucia M; Botto M; Ratajczak J; Ratajczak MZ. 2010. Mobilization studies in complement-deficient mice reveal that optimal AMD3100 mobilization of hematopoietic stem cells depends on complement cascade activation by AMD3100-stimulated granulocytes. Leukemia 24(3):573-82. PubMed: 20033053 MGI: J:158026
Liu Q; He S; Groysman L; Shaked D; Russin J; Cen S; Mack WJ. 2013. White matter injury due to experimental chronic cerebral hypoperfusion is associated with C5 deposition. PLoS One 8(12):e84802. PubMed: 24386419 MGI: J:209840
Mahesh J; Daly J; Cheadle WG; Kotwal GJ. 1999. Elucidation of the early events contributing to zymosan-induced multiple organ dysfunction syndrome using MIP-1alpha, C3 knockout, and C5-deficient mice. Shock 12(5):340-9. PubMed: 10565608 MGI: J:59655
Mastellos D; Papadimitriou JC; Franchini S; Tsonis PA; Lambris JD. 2001. A novel role of complement: mice deficient in the fifth component of complement (C5) exhibit impaired liver regeneration. J Immunol 166(4):2479-86. PubMed: 11160308 MGI: J:111000
Miller CG; Cook DN; Kotwal GJ. 1996. Two chemotactic factors, C5a and MIP-1alpha, dramatically alter the mortality from zymosan-induced multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS): C5a contributes to MODS while MIP-1alpha has a protective role. Mol Immunol 33(14):1135-7. PubMed: 9047380 MGI: J:38592
Miller CG; Justus DE; Jayaraman S; Kotwal GJ. 1995. Severe and prolonged inflammatory response to localized cowpox virus infection in footpads of C5-deficient mice: investigation of the role of host complement in poxvirus pathogenesis. Cell Immunol 162(2):326-32. PubMed: 7743560 MGI: J:25289
Miwa T; Zhou L; Kimura Y; Kim D; Bhandoola A; Song WC. 2009. Complement-dependent T-cell lymphopenia caused by thymocyte deletion of the membrane complement regulator Crry. Blood 113(12):2684-94. PubMed: 19136662 MGI: J:146538
Mocco J; Mack WJ; Ducruet AF; Sosunov SA; Sughrue ME; Hassid BG; Nair MN; Laufer I; Komotar RJ; Claire M; Holland H; Pinsky DJ; Connolly ES Jr. 2006. Complement component C3 mediates inflammatory injury following focal cerebral ischemia. Circ Res 99(2):209-17. PubMed: 16778128 MGI: J:123658
Mori L; de Libero G. 1998. Genetic control of susceptibility to collagen-induced arthritis in T cell receptor beta-chain transgenic mice. Arthritis Rheum 41(2):256-62. PubMed: 9485083 MGI: J:134111
Moulton RA; Mashruwala MA; Smith AK; Lindsey DR; Wetsel RA; Haviland DL; Hunter RL; Jagannath C. 2007. Complement C5a anaphylatoxin is an innate determinant of dendritic cell-induced Th1 immunity to Mycobacterium bovis BCG infection in mice. J Leukoc Biol 82(4):956-67. PubMed: 17675563 MGI: J:125190
Mullick A; Elias M; Picard S; Bourget L; Jovcevski O; Gauthier S; Tuite A; Harakidas P; Bihun C; Massie B; Gros P. 2004. Dysregulated inflammatory response to Candida albicans in a C5-deficient mouse strain. Infect Immun 72(10):5868-76. PubMed: 15385488 MGI: J:93132
Mullick A; Leon Z; Min-Oo G; Berghout J; Lo R; Daniels E; Gros P. 2006. Cardiac failure in C5-deficient A/J mice after Candida albicans infection. Infect Immun 74(8):4439-51. PubMed: 16861630 MGI: J:112405
Niculescu T; Weerth S; Niculescu F; Cudrici C; Rus V; Raine CS; Shin ML; Rus H. 2004. Effects of complement C5 on apoptosis in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. J Immunol 172(9):5702-6. PubMed: 15100315 MGI: J:89686
Nilsson UR; Muller-Eberhard HJ. 1967. Deficiency of the fifth component of complement in mice with an inherited complement defect. J Exp Med 125(1):1-16. PubMed: 4959665 MGI: J:5016
Ooi YM; Colten HR. 1979. Genetic defect in secretion of complement C5 in mice. Nature 282(5735):207-8. PubMed: 492335 MGI: J:6214
Patel SN; Berghout J; Lovegrove FE; Ayi K; Conroy A; Serghides L; Min-oo G; Gowda DC; Sarma JV; Rittirsch D; Ward PA; Liles WC; Gros P; Kain KC. 2008. C5 deficiency and C5a or C5aR blockade protects against cerebral malaria. J Exp Med 205(5):1133-43. PubMed: 18426986 MGI: J:136298
Pickering MC; Warren J; Rose KL; Carlucci F; Wang Y; Walport MJ; Cook HT; Botto M. 2006. Prevention of C5 activation ameliorates spontaneous and experimental glomerulonephritis in factor H-deficient mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 103(25):9649-54. PubMed: 16769899 MGI: J:111031
Pilione MR; Agosto LM; Kennett MJ; Harvill ET. 2006. CD11b is required for the resolution of inflammation induced by Bordetella bronchiseptica respiratory infection. Cell Microbiol 8(5):758-68. PubMed: 16611225 MGI: J:135740
Pritchard MT; McMullen MR; Stavitsky AB; Cohen JI; Lin F; Medof ME; Nagy LE. 2007. Differential contributions of C3, C5, and decay-accelerating factor to ethanol-induced fatty liver in mice. Gastroenterology 132(3):1117-26. PubMed: 17383432 MGI: J:128218
Prodeus AP; Zhou X; Maurer M; Galli SJ; Carroll MC. 1997. Impaired mast cell-dependent natural immunity in complement C3-deficient mice. Nature 390(6656):172-5. PubMed: 9367154 MGI: J:44240
Ratajczak MZ; Lee H; Wysoczynski M; Wan W; Marlicz W; Laughlin MJ; Kucia M; Janowska-Wieczorek A; Ratajczak J. 2010. Novel insight into stem cell mobilization-plasma sphingosine-1-phosphate is a major chemoattractant that directs the egress of hematopoietic stem progenitor cells from the bone marrow and its level in peripheral blood increases during mobilization due toactivation of complement cascade/membrane attack complex. Leukemia 24(5):976-85. PubMed: 20357827 MGI: J:160183
Redecha P; Tilley R; Tencati M; Salmon JE; Kirchhofer D; Mackman N; Girardi G. 2007. Tissue factor: a link between C5a and neutrophil activation in antiphospholipid antibody induced fetal injury. Blood 110(7):2423-31. PubMed: 17536017 MGI: J:147022
Refici ML; Metzger DW; Arulanandam BP; Lennartz MR; Loegering DJ. 2001. Fcgamma-receptor signaling augments the LPS-stimulated increase in serum tumor necrosis factor-alpha levels. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 280(4):R1037-44. PubMed: 11247825 MGI: J:114295
Rittirsch D; Flierl MA; Day DE; Nadeau BA; McGuire SR; Hoesel LM; Ipaktchi K; Zetoune FS; Sarma JV; Leng L; Huber-Lang MS; Neff TA; Bucala R; Ward PA. 2008. Acute lung injury induced by lipopolysaccharide is independent of complement activation. J Immunol 180(11):7664-72. PubMed: 18490769 MGI: J:136379
Rittirsch D; Flierl MA; Nadeau BA; Day DE; Huber-Lang M; Mackay CR; Zetoune FS; Gerard NP; Cianflone K; Kohl J; Gerard C; Sarma JV; Ward PA. 2008. Functional roles for C5a receptors in sepsis. Nat Med 14(5):551-7. PubMed: 18454156 MGI: J:136703
Saville SP; Lazzell AL; Chaturvedi AK; Monteagudo C; Lopez-Ribot JL. 2008. Use of a genetically engineered strain to evaluate the pathogenic potential of yeast cell and filamentous forms during Candida albicans systemic infection in immunodeficient mice. Infect Immun 76(1):97-102. PubMed: 17967861 MGI: J:130296
Schmitt J; Roderfeld M; Sabrane K; Zhang P; Tian Y; Mertens JC; Frei P; Stieger B; Weber A; Mullhaupt B; Roeb E; Geier A. 2012. Complement factor C5 deficiency significantly delays the progression of biliary fibrosis in bile duct-ligated mice. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 418(3):445-50. PubMed: 22277671 MGI: J:181268
Schultz G; Tedesco MM; Sho E; Nishimura T; Sharif S; Du X; Myles T; Morser J; Dalman RL; Leung LL. 2010. Enhanced abdominal aortic aneurysm formation in thrombin-activatable procarboxypeptidase B-deficient mice. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 30(7):1363-70. PubMed: 20431069 MGI: J:180861
Sood R; Sholl L; Isermann B; Zogg M; Coughlin SR; Weiler H. 2008. Maternal Par4 and platelets contribute to defective placenta formation in mouse embryos lacking thrombomodulin. Blood 112(3):585-91. PubMed: 18490515 MGI: J:138440
Stokol T; O'Donnell P; Xiao L; Knight S; Stavrakis G; Botto M; von Andrian UH; Mayadas TN. 2004. C1q governs deposition of circulating immune complexes and leukocyte Fcgamma receptors mediate subsequent neutrophil recruitment. J Exp Med 200(7):835-46. PubMed: 15466618 MGI: J:93949
Strainic MG; Liu J; Huang D; An F; Lalli PN; Muqim N; Shapiro VS; Dubyak GR; Heeger PS; Medof ME. 2008. Locally produced complement fragments C5a and C3a provide both costimulatory and survival signals to naive CD4+ T cells. Immunity 28(3):425-35. PubMed: 18328742 MGI: J:132942
Strainic MG; Shevach EM; An F; Lin F; Medof ME. 2012. Absence of signaling into CD4(+) cells via C3aR and C5aR enables autoinductive TGF-beta1 signaling and induction of Foxp3(+) regulatory T cells. Nat Immunol 14(2):162-71. PubMed: 23263555 MGI: J:192613
Strey CW; Markiewski M; Mastellos D; Tudoran R; Spruce LA; Greenbaum LE; Lambris JD. 2003. The proinflammatory mediators C3a and C5a are essential for liver regeneration. J Exp Med 198(6):913-23. PubMed: 12975457 MGI: J:109380
Tanaka D; Kagari T; Doi H; Shimozato T. 2006. Essential role of neutrophils in anti-type II collagen antibody and lipopolysaccharide-induced arthritis. Immunology 119(2):195-202. PubMed: 16836650 MGI: J:118551
Trendelenburg M; Fossati-Jimack L; Cortes-Hernandez J; Turnberg D; Lewis M; Izui S; Cook HT; Botto M. 2005. The role of complement in cryoglobulin-induced immune complex glomerulonephritis. J Immunol 175(10):6909-14. PubMed: 16272350 MGI: J:119691
Wang Y; Kristan J; Hao L; Lenkoski CS; Shen Y; Matis LA. 2000. A role for complement in antibody-mediated inflammation: C5-deficient DBA/1 mice are resistant to collagen-induced arthritis. J Immunol 164(8):4340-7. PubMed: 10754334 MGI: J:61587
Wetsel RA; Fleischer DT; Haviland DL. 1990. Deficiency of the murine fifth complement component (C5). A 2-base pair gene deletion in a 5'-exon. J Biol Chem 265(5):2435-40. PubMed: 2303408 MGI: J:23983
Wheat WH; Wetsel R; Falus A; Tack BF; Strunk RC. 1987. The fifth component of complement (C5) in the mouse. Analysis of the molecular basis for deficiency. J Exp Med 165(5):1442-7. PubMed: 3572304 MGI: J:8690
Wolfe DN; Kirimanjeswara GS; Harvill ET. 2005. Clearance of Bordetella parapertussis from the lower respiratory tract requires humoral and cellular immunity. Infect Immun 73(10):6508-13. PubMed: 16177324 MGI: J:104212
Wright RJ; Bikoff EK; Stockinger B. 1998. The Ii41 isoform of invariant chain mediates both positive and negative selection events in T-cell receptor transgenic mice. Immunology 95(3):309-13. PubMed: 9824491 MGI: J:50737
Xiao H; Schreiber A; Heeringa P; Falk RJ; Jennette JC. 2007. Alternative complement pathway in the pathogenesis of disease mediated by anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibodies. Am J Pathol 170(1):52-64. PubMed: 17200182 MGI: J:117048
Younger JG; Shankar-Sinha S; Mickiewicz M; Brinkman AS; Valencia GA; Sarma JV; Younkin EM; Standiford TJ; Zetoune FS; Ward PA. 2003. Murine complement interactions with Pseudomonas aeruginosa and their consequences during pneumonia. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 29(4):432-8. PubMed: 14500254 MGI: J:94613
Zal T; Volkmann A; Stockinger B. 1994. Mechanisms of tolerance induction in major histocompatibility complex class II-restricted T cells specific for a blood-borne self-antigen. J Exp Med 180(6):2089-99. PubMed: 7964486 MGI: J:111649
Zal T; Weiss S; Mellor A; Stockinger B. 1996. Expression of a second receptor rescues self-specific T cells from thymic deletion and allows activation of autoreactive effector function. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 93(17):9102-7. PubMed: 8799161 MGI: J:151753
Zhou W; Farrar CA; Abe K; Pratt JR; Marsh JE; Wang Y; Stahl GL; Sacks SH. 2000. Predominant role for C5b-9 in renal ischemia/reperfusion injury. J Clin Invest 105(10):1363-71. PubMed: 10811844 MGI: J:120567
de Jorge EG; Macor P; Paixao-Cavalcante D; Rose KL; Tedesco F; Cook HT; Botto M; Pickering MC. 2011. The development of atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome depends on complement C5. J Am Soc Nephrol 22(1):137-45. PubMed: 21148255 MGI: J:185883

Additional - Il2^m1 related

Choi Y; Simon-Stoos K; Puck J. 2002. Hypo-active variant of IL-2 and associated decreased T cell activation contribute to impaired apoptosis in autoimmune prone MRL mice. Eur J Immunol 32(3):677-85. PubMed: 11857342 MGI: J:75331

Additional - mt-Tr^m1 related

Johnson KR; Zheng QY; Bykhovskaya Y; Spirina O; Fischel-Ghodsian N. 2001. A nuclear-mitochondrial DNA interaction affecting hearing impairment in mice. Nat Genet 27(2):191-4. PubMed: 11175788 MGI: J:67312
Johnson KR; Zheng QY; Noben-Trauth K. 2006. Strain background effects and genetic modifiers of hearing in mice. Brain Res 1091(1):79-88. PubMed: 16579977 MGI: J:110459
Mathews CE; Leiter EH; Spirina O; Bykhovskaya Y; Gusdon AM; Ringquist S; Fischel-Ghodsian N. 2005. mt-Nd2 Allele of the ALR/Lt mouse confers resistance against both chemically induced and autoimmune diabetes. Diabetologia 48(2):261-7. PubMed: 15692809 MGI: J:97969

Also Known As: NOD, Non-obese Diabetic

Genetic overview

Research Applications

Base Price

Volume Pricing Available!

Important Note

Detailed Description

Development

Control Suggestions

Approximate Controls

Additional Information

Selected References

Cdh23ahl

Allele Symbol: Cdh23ahl

Gpr84del

Allele Symbol: Gpr84del

H2g7

Allele Symbol: H2g7

Hc0

Allele Symbol: Hc0

Il2m1

Allele Symbol: Il2m1

mt-Trm1

Allele Symbol: mt-Trm1

Disease Terms

Research Areas By Genotype

This mouse can be used to support research in many areas including:

Genotype: Cdh23ahl related

Genotype: H2g7 related

Genotype: Hc0 related

Phenotype Information

References

Additional References

Additional - Cdh23ahl related

Additional - Gpr84del related

Additional - H2g7 related

Additional - Hc0 related

Additional - Il2m1 related

Additional - mt-Trm1 related

Genotyping Protocols

Dietary Information

Breeding Considerations

Mating System

Appearance

Citation

Animal Health Reports

Live Mouse

Volume Pricing Details

Cryorecovery - Pricing

Payment Terms and Conditions

The Jackson Laboratory's Genotype Promise

Terms of Use

Licensing Information

JAX® Mice, Products & Services Conditions of Use

No Warranty

Credit for PRODUCTS or SERVICES

Animal Care and Use for SERVICES

No Liability

Cdh23^ahl

Allele Symbol: Cdh23^ahl

Gpr84^del

Allele Symbol: Gpr84^del

H2^g7

Allele Symbol: H2^g7

Hc⁰

Allele Symbol: Hc⁰

Il2^m1

Allele Symbol: Il2^m1

mt-Tr^m1

Allele Symbol: mt-Tr^m1

Genotype: Cdh23^ahl related

Genotype: H2^g7 related

Genotype: Hc⁰ related

Additional - Cdh23^ahl related

Additional - Gpr84^del related

Additional - H2^g7 related

Additional - Hc⁰ related

Additional - Il2^m1 related

Additional - mt-Tr^m1 related