JAX Mouse Strain Datasheet - 000693

WC/ReJ Kitl^Sl/J

Stock No:: 000693

Cryo Recovery

Overview

The spontaneous kit ligand; steel (Kitl^Sl) mutation behaves in a semidominant fashion causing deficiencies in pigment cells, germ cells, and blood cells.

Genetic overview

Genetic Background	Generation

Ahr^d

Allele Type	Gene Symbol	Gene Name
Not Applicable	Ahr	aryl-hydrocarbon receptor

Kitl^Sl

Allele Type	Gene Symbol	Gene Name
Spontaneous	Kitl	kit ligand

Allele Type	Gene Symbol	Gene Name
Spontaneous	Pde6b	phosphodiesterase 6B, cGMP, rod receptor, beta polypeptide

Research Applications

Metabolism Research
Research Tools
Cancer Research
Dermatology Research
Developmental Biology Research
Endocrine Deficiency Research
Immunology, Inflammation and Autoimmunity Research
Neurobiology Research

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Base Price

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Details

Important Note

This strain is homozygous for the retinal degeneration allele Pde6b^rd1. See article "Genetic Background Effects: Can Your Mice See?", JAX^® NOTES Spring 2002, No. 485.

Detailed Description

The multiple steel mutations (Kitl^Sl) behave in a semidominant fashion and cause deficiencies in pigment cells, germ cells, and blood cells paralleling those caused by the Kit locus mutations (dominant spotting alleles). Most of the alleles at steel locus cause severe anemia in utero and death by 15 to 16 days of gestation in homozygous mutant mice. However, compounds of two steel mutants (e.g. Kitl^Sl/Kitl^Sl-d) are viable, black-eyed white, are usually sterile in one or both sexes, and have severe macrocytic anemia. Heterozygous steel mice have a diluted coat color with a small amount of white spotting, are viable and fertile, and may have a slight macrocytic anemia. Primordial germ cells are absent in the nonviable steel homozygotes and severely reduced in steel heterozygotes. Mast cells are virtually absent in skin and other tissues of steel mutant mice. Tumors tend to develop in germ-cell-deficient ovaries with advancing age.

Development

Inbreeding started in 1948 from a heterozygous Kitl^W / + stock (same origin as the WB/ReJ strain). Kitl^sl (steel) mutation backcrossed to strain WB-+/+. Now maintained as a congenic strain for Kitl^sl.

Control Suggestions

Wild-type from the colony

Additional Information

Considerations for Choosing Controls

Selected References

Arguello F; Furlanetto RW; Baggs RB; Graves BT; Harwell SE; Cohen HJ; Frantz CN. 1992. Incidence and distribution of experimental metastases in mutant mice with defective organ microenvironments (genotypes Sl/Sld and W/Wv).. In: . . MGI: J:468
Hayashi C; Sonoda T; Nakano T; Nakayama H; Kitamura Y. 1985. Mast-cell precursors in the skin of mouse embryos and their deficiency in embryos of Sl/Sld genotype.. In: . . MGI: J:7810
Huang E; Nocka K; Beier DR; Chu TY; Buck J; Lahm HW; Wellner D; Leder P; Besmer P. 1990. The hematopoietic growth factor KL is encoded by the Sl locus and is the ligand of the c-kit receptor, the gene product of the W locus.. In: . . MGI: J:10751
Murphy ED. 1977. Effects of mutant steel alleles on leukemogenesis and life-span in the mouse.. In: . . MGI: J:5758
Shinohara T; Avarbock MR; Brinster RL. 2000. Functional analysis of spermatogonial stem cells in Steel and cryptorchid infertile mouse models.. In: . . MGI: J:61712
Zsebo KM; Williams DA; Geissler EN; Broudy VC; Martin FH; Atkins HL; Hsu RY; Birkett NC; Okino KH; Murdock DC; Jacobsen FW; Langley KE; Smith KA; Takeishi T; Cattanach BM; Galli SJ; Suggs SV. 1990. Stem cell factor is encoded at the Sl locus of the mouse and is the ligand for the c-kit tyrosine kinase receptor.. In: . . MGI: J:10750

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Genetics

Ahr^d

Allele Symbol: Ahr^d

Allele Name	d variant
Allele Type	Not Applicable
Allele Synonym(s)	Ah^d; Ah^k; AhRd; Ahhⁿ; ah; in
Gene Symbol and Name	Ahr, aryl-hydrocarbon receptor
Gene Synonym(s)	Ah; Ahh; Ahre; In; aromatic hydrocarbon responsiveness; aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase; bHLHe76; dioxin receptor; inflammatory reactivity
Strain of Origin	Not Applicable
Chromosome	12
General Note	Strain of origin - this allele was found in DBA/2J, AKR/J, 129, SWR, RF, NZB strains
Molecular Note	This allele encodes a 104 kDa receptor that is stabilized by molybdate and has an affinity for ligand 10-100 fold lower than that of the receptor produced by the C57BL/6J allele. PCR sequencing of cDNA revealed ten nucleotide differences between the coding sequences of the DBA/2J and C57BL/6J receptors. Five of the ten differences would cause amino acid changes. One of these, an apparent T to C transition replaces the opal termination codon in the C57BL/6J allele with an arginine codon in the DBA/2J allele. This change would extend translation of the DBA/2J mRNA by 43 amino acids, accounting for the larger size of the peptide produced by this allele (104 kDa vs 95 kDa for the C57BL/6J allele). A second T to C transition changes a leucine codon in the C57BL/6J allele to a proline codon in the DBA/2J allele, and would likely change secondary structure of the peptide and thus ligand affinity.

Kitl^Sl

Allele Symbol: Kitl^Sl

Allele Name	steel
Allele Type	Spontaneous
Allele Synonym(s)	Mgf^Sl; Sl
Gene Symbol and Name	Kitl, kit ligand
Gene Synonym(s)	Clo; Con; DCUA; DFNA69; FPH2; FPHH; Gb; Gb; KL-1; Kitlg; MGF; Mgf; Mgf; SCF; SF; SHEP7; SLF; Sl; Sl; Steel; Steel factor; blaze; blz; blz; cloud gray; contrasted; grizzle-belly; grizzle-belly; mast cell growth factor; steel; stem cell factor
Strain of Origin	C3H
Chromosome	10
Molecular Note	By Southern blotting, it was concluded that this allele contains a deletion encompassing most, if not all, of the coding region of the gene. A probe corresponding to nucleotides 6 to 685 of the cDNA failed to hybridize to DNA obtained from embryos homozygous for this allele. PCR analysis with primers for sequences at various distances from the Kit gene narrowed the 5' and 3' deletion endpoints to a 350 and a 380 base-pair region, respectively. Sequencing of the product of PCR using primers designed to span the deletion revealed that it extends through 973,366 base pairs on Chromosome 10 between nucleotide positions 99,177,807 and 100,151,173 (NCBI Map Viewer, Build 36.1), with a 4-base pair insertion joining the deletion endpoints, and contains 6 predicted and 3 known genes.

Pde6b^rd1

Allele Symbol: Pde6b^rd1

Allele Name	retinal degeneration 1
Allele Type	Spontaneous
Allele Synonym(s)	Pdeb^rd1; rd; rd-1; rd1; rodless retina
Gene Symbol and Name	Pde6b, phosphodiesterase 6B, cGMP, rod receptor, beta polypeptide
Gene Synonym(s)	CSNB3; CSNBAD2; GMP-PDEbeta; PDEB; Pdeb; Pdeb; RP40; nmf137; phosphodiesterase, cGMP, rod receptor, beta polypeptide; r; r; rd; rd; rd-1; rd1; rd1; rd10; rd10; retinal degeneration; retinal degeneration 1; retinal degeneration 10
Strain of Origin	various
Chromosome	5
General Note	The following inbred strains are known to be homozygous for Pde6b: C3H sublines, CBA/J, FVB/NJ, PL/J, SB, SJL/J, and SWR/J.
Molecular Note	Two mutations have been identified in rd1 mice. A murine leukimia virus (Xmv-28) insertion in reverse orientation in intron 1 is found in all mouse strains with the rd1 phenotype. Further, a nonsense mutation (C to A transversion) in codon 347 that results in a truncation eliminating more than half of the predicted encoded protein, including the catalytic domain has also been identified in all rd1 strains of mice. A specific degradation of mutant transcript during or after pre-mRNA splicing is suggested.

Disease/Phenotype

Disease Terms

Research Areas By Genotype

This mouse can be used to support research in many areas including:

Genotype: Ahr^d related

Metabolism Research
Research Tools
- Toxicology Research

Genotype: Kitl^Sl related

Cancer Research
- Growth Factors/Receptors/Cytokines
- Increased Tumor Incidence
  - Gonadal Tumors
  - Gonadal Tumors: ovarian and testicular
Dermatology Research
- Color and White Spotting Defects
Developmental Biology Research
- Neural Crest Defects
Endocrine Deficiency Research
- Bone/Bone Marrow Defects
- Gonad Defects
- Hypothalamus/Pituitary Defects
- Skin Defects
Immunology, Inflammation and Autoimmunity Research
- Growth Factors/Receptors/Cytokines
- Immunodeficiency
  - Mast Cell Deficiency
Neurobiology Research
- Hearing Defects
Reproductive Biology Research
- Developmental Defects Affecting Gonads
  - germ cell deficient
- Fertility Defects
- Gonadal Tumors
  - ovarian and testicular
Research Tools
- Immunology, Inflammation and Autoimmunity Research
  - Mast Cell Deficiency
Sensorineural Research
- Hearing Defects

Genotype: Pde6b^rd1 related

Sensorineural Research
- Retinal Degeneration

Mammalian Phenotype Terms by Genotype

The following phenotype information is associated with a similar, but not exact match to this JAX^® Mice strain

Genotype: Kitl^Sl/Kitl⁺
either: (involves: C3H * WC) or (involves: C3H * C57BL/6 * DBA/2J * WC)

hematopoietic system phenotype

anemia
- mice are slightly anemic

decreased mast cell number
- heterozygotes have decreased mast cell numbers in dorsal skin compared to wild-type

immune system phenotype

decreased mast cell number
- heterozygotes have decreased mast cell numbers in dorsal skin compared to wild-type

Genotype: Kitl^Sl/Kitl⁺
involves: C3H

pigmentation phenotype

belly spot
- most mice have a white spot on the belly

decreased ear pigmentation
- mice have light ears

decreased foot pigmentation
- mice have light feet

diluted coat color
- affected mice have overall dilution of coat color, more extreme on the belly than back
- reduced coat color

head blaze
- very occasionally mice have a white blaze between their eyes

head spot
- most mice have a white spot on the belly

hematopoietic system phenotype

anemia
- mice display less severe anemia than homozygotes

decreased erythrocyte cell number
- at 7-13 days of age, red blood cell counts are 20-30% lower than wild-type

hearing/vestibular/ear phenotype

decreased ear pigmentation
- mice have light ears

reproductive system phenotype

reproductive system phenotype
- heterozygotes are viable and fertile

craniofacial phenotype

decreased ear pigmentation
- mice have light ears

integument phenotype

abnormal vibrissa morphology
- mice have light whiskers

belly spot
- most mice have a white spot on the belly

decreased ear pigmentation
- mice have light ears

decreased foot pigmentation
- mice have light feet

diluted coat color
- affected mice have overall dilution of coat color, more extreme on the belly than back
- reduced coat color

head blaze
- very occasionally mice have a white blaze between their eyes

head spot
- most mice have a white spot on the belly

pallor
- some pups after birth are pale compared to littermates

growth/size/body region phenotype

decreased ear pigmentation
- mice have light ears

Genotype: Kitl^Sl/Kitl⁺
involves: 129/Sv * C3H

endocrine/exocrine gland phenotype

increased testicular teratoma incidence
- incidence is 6.92% compared to ~2.6% in controls
- percentage is greater in second and subsequent litters compared to first litter or in first litter of older females compared to young mothers
- tumors are predominantly in left testis (71%) vs right (27%) or bilateral (2%)

reproductive system phenotype

increased testicular teratoma incidence
- incidence is 6.92% compared to ~2.6% in controls
- percentage is greater in second and subsequent litters compared to first litter or in first litter of older females compared to young mothers
- tumors are predominantly in left testis (71%) vs right (27%) or bilateral (2%)

neoplasm

increased testicular teratoma incidence
- incidence is 6.92% compared to ~2.6% in controls
- percentage is greater in second and subsequent litters compared to first litter or in first litter of older females compared to young mothers
- tumors are predominantly in left testis (71%) vs right (27%) or bilateral (2%)

increased tumor incidence
- male mice develop ~2-fold more tumors than controls

Genotype: Kitl^Sl/Kitl^Sl
involves: C3H

mortality/aging

lethality throughout fetal growth and development, complete penetrance
- an occasional mutant survives until birth
- no presumed homozygotes are born; homozygotes begin to die at ~E15-15.5 from anemia

nervous system phenotype

abnormal brain development
- at E10.5-12.5, small number of embryos, presumably homozygous, have brain abnormalities, including a collapsed brain, pseudoencephaly or a narrowed brain region
- from E14.5-17.5, some embryos show abnormal brain development (3/330) as described in younger embryos

myelencephalic blebs
- one E17.5 embryo displayed a bleb near the midline in the cervical region

spina bifida
- 4/330 embryos aged E14.5-17.5 displayed spina bifida

hematopoietic system phenotype

anemia
- starting around E13.5 and peaking at E14.5, presumed homozygotes display anemia recognized by overall paleness of the embryos

cardiovascular system phenotype

abnormal blood circulation
- in affected (anemic) animals, individual clumps or red blood cells can be seen in umbilical vessels; in controls, vessels are uniformly red with normal blood flow

reproductive system phenotype

infertility
- mice carrying two mutant alleles are sterile

pigmentation phenotype

absent skin pigmentation
- transplantation of skin grafts from E14, E15 and newborn mutants to normal siblings produced unpigmented hair

embryo phenotype

spina bifida
- 4/330 embryos aged E14.5-17.5 displayed spina bifida

integument phenotype

absent skin pigmentation
- transplantation of skin grafts from E14, E15 and newborn mutants to normal siblings produced unpigmented hair

pallor
- characteristic of anemic embryos

References

Arguello F; Furlanetto RW; Baggs RB; Graves BT; Harwell SE; Cohen HJ; Frantz CN. 1992. Incidence and distribution of experimental metastases in mutant mice with defective organ microenvironments (genotypes Sl/Sld and W/Wv).. In: . . MGI: J:468
Hayashi C; Sonoda T; Nakano T; Nakayama H; Kitamura Y. 1985. Mast-cell precursors in the skin of mouse embryos and their deficiency in embryos of Sl/Sld genotype.. In: . . MGI: J:7810
Huang E; Nocka K; Beier DR; Chu TY; Buck J; Lahm HW; Wellner D; Leder P; Besmer P. 1990. The hematopoietic growth factor KL is encoded by the Sl locus and is the ligand of the c-kit receptor, the gene product of the W locus.. In: . . MGI: J:10751
Murphy ED. 1977. Effects of mutant steel alleles on leukemogenesis and life-span in the mouse.. In: . . MGI: J:5758
Shinohara T; Avarbock MR; Brinster RL. 2000. Functional analysis of spermatogonial stem cells in Steel and cryptorchid infertile mouse models.. In: . . MGI: J:61712
Zsebo KM; Williams DA; Geissler EN; Broudy VC; Martin FH; Atkins HL; Hsu RY; Birkett NC; Okino KH; Murdock DC; Jacobsen FW; Langley KE; Smith KA; Takeishi T; Cattanach BM; Galli SJ; Suggs SV. 1990. Stem cell factor is encoded at the Sl locus of the mouse and is the ligand for the c-kit tyrosine kinase receptor.. In: . . MGI: J:10750

Additional References

Chang B; Hawes NL; Hurd RE; Davisson MT; Nusinowitz S; Heckenlively JR. 2002. Retinal degeneration mutants in the mouse.. In: . . MGI: J:75095
Poland A; Glover E. 1990. Characterization and strain distribution pattern of the murine Ah receptor specified by the Ahd and Ahb-3 alleles.. In: . . MGI: J:34840
Schrott A; Egg G; Spoendlin H. 1988. Intermediate filaments in the cochleas of normal and mutant (w/wv, sl/sld) mice.. In: . . MGI: J:9423
Wolf NS. 1978. Dissecting the hematopoietic microenvironment. II. The kinetics of the erythron of the S1/S1d mouse and the dual nature of its anemia.. In: . . MGI: J:6031

Additional - Ahr^d related

Benedict WF; Considine N; Nebert DW. 1973. Genetic differences in aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase induction and benzo(a)pyrene-produced tumorigenesis in the mouse.. In: . . MGI: J:84312
Boobis AR; Nebert DW. 1976. Genetic differences in the metabolism of carcinogens and in the binding of benzo (a) pyrene metabolites to DNA.. In: . . MGI: J:12156
Castro DJ; Lohr CV; Fischer KA; Pereira CB; Williams DE. 2008. Lymphoma and lung cancer in offspring born to pregnant mice dosed with dibenzo[a,l]pyrene: the importance of in utero vs. lactational exposure.. In: . . MGI: J:143604
Chang C; Smith DR; Prasad VS; Sidman CL; Nebert DW; Puga A. 1993. Ten nucleotide differences, five of which cause amino acid changes, are associated with the Ah receptor locus polymorphism of C57BL/6 and DBA/2 mice.. In: . . MGI: J:17460
Curran CP; Altenhofen E; Ashworth A; Brown A; Kamau-Cheggeh C; Curran M; Evans A; Floyd R; Fowler J; Garber H; Hays B; Kraemer S; Lang A; Mynhier A; Samuels A; Strohmaier C. 2012. Ahrd Cyp1a2(-/-) mice show increased susceptibility to PCB-induced developmental neurotoxicity.. In: . . MGI: J:225088
Curran CP; Miller KA; Dalton TP; Vorhees CV; Miller ML; Shertzer HG; Nebert DW. 2006. Genetic differences in lethality of newborn mice treated in utero with coplanar versus non-coplanar hexabromobiphenyl.. In: . . MGI: J:113285
Felton JS; Nebert DW. 1975. Mutagenesis of certain activated carcinogens in vitro associated with genetically mediated increases in monooxygenase activity and cytochrome P 1-450.. In: . . MGI: J:5564
Gielen JE; Goujon FM; Nebert DW. 1972. Genetic regulation of aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase induction. II. Simple Mendelian expression in mouse tissues in vivo.. In: . . MGI: J:84250
Goujon FM; Nebert DW; Gielen JE. 1972. Genetic expression of aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase induction. IV. Interaction of various compounds with different forms of cytochrome P-450 and the effect on benzo(a)pyrene metabolism in vitro.. In: . . MGI: J:84252
Harper PA; Golas CL; Okey AB. 1991. Ah receptor in mice genetically nonresponsive for cytochrome P4501A1 induction: cytosolic Ah receptor, transformation to the nuclear binding state, and induction of aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase by halogenated and nonhalogenated aromatic hydrocarbons in embryonic tissues and cells.. In: . . MGI: J:2134
Kennedy GD; Nukaya M; Moran SM; Glover E; Weinberg S; Balbo S; Hecht SS; Pitot HC; Drinkwater NR; Bradfield CA. 2014. Liver tumor promotion by 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin is dependent on the aryl hydrocarbon receptor and TNF/IL-1 receptors.. In: . . MGI: J:215349
Kerley-Hamilton JS; Trask HW; Ridley CJ; Dufour E; Lesseur C; Ringelberg CS; Moodie KL; Shipman SL; Korc M; Gui J; Shworak NW; Tomlinson CR. 2012. Inherent and benzo[a]pyrene-induced differential aryl hydrocarbon receptor signaling greatly affects life span, atherosclerosis, cardiac gene expression, and body and heart growth in mice.. In: . . MGI: J:183715
Kouri RE; Rude TH; Joglekar R; Dansette PM; Jerina DM; Atlas SA; Owens IS; Nebert DW. 1978. 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin as cocarcinogen causing 3-methylcholanthrene-initiated subcutaneous tumors in mice genetically 'nonresponsive' at Ah locus.. In: . . MGI: J:84318
Levova K; Moserova M; Nebert DW; Phillips DH; Frei E; Schmeiser HH; Arlt VM; Stiborova M. 2012. NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase expression in Cyp1a-knockout and CYP1A-humanized mouse lines and its effect on bioactivation of the carcinogen aristolochic acid I.. In: . . MGI: J:192865
Lew BJ; Manickam R; Lawrence BP. 2011. Activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor during pregnancy in the mouse alters mammary development through direct effects on stromal and epithelial tissues.. In: . . MGI: J:173706
Moriguchi T; Motohashi H; Hosoya T; Nakajima O; Takahashi S; Ohsako S; Aoki Y; Nishimura N; Tohyama C; Fujii-Kuriyama Y; Yamamoto M. 2003. Distinct response to dioxin in an arylhydrocarbon receptor (AHR)-humanized mouse.. In: . . MGI: J:132380
Nebert DW; Atlas SA; Guenthner TM; Kouri RE. 1978. The Ah locus: genetic regulation of the enzymes which metabolize polycyclic hydrocarbons and the risk of cancer. In: Polycyclic Hydrocarbons and Cancer: Chemistry, Molecular Biology and Environment. Academic Press, New York. MGI: J:30693
Nebert DW; Considine N; Owens IS. 1973. Genetic expression of aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase induction. VI. Control of other aromatic hydrocarbon-inducible mono-oxygenase activities at or near the same genetic locus.. In: . . MGI: J:84313
Nebert DW; Gelboin HV. 1969. The in vivo and in vitro induction of aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase in mammalian cells of different species, tissues, strains, and developmental and hormonal states.. In: . . MGI: J:84248
Nebert DW; Gielen JE. 1972. Genetic regulation of aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase induction in the mouse.. In: . . MGI: J:5282
Nebert DW; Gielen JE; Goujon FM. 1972. Genetic expression of aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase induction. 3. Changes in the binding of n-octylamine to cytochrome P-450.. In: . . MGI: J:84251
Nebert DW; Goujon FM; Gielen JE. 1972. Aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase induction by polycyclic hydrocarbons: simple autosomal dominant trait in the mouse.. In: . . MGI: J:84249
Nebert DW; Jensen NM. 1979. Benzo[a]pyrene-initiated leukemia in mice. Association with allelic differences at the Ah locus.. In: . . MGI: J:6074
Nebert DW; Jensen NM; Shinozuka H; Kunz HW; Gill TJ 3rd. 1982. The Ah phenotype. Survey of forty-eight rat strains and twenty inbred mouse strains.. In: . . MGI: J:6809
Nebert DW; Kon H. 1973. Genetic regulation of aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase induction. V. Specific changes in spin state of cytochrome P 450 from genetically responsive animals.. In: . . MGI: J:84311
Nebert DW; Robinson JR; Niwa A; Kumaki K; Poland AP. 1975. Genetic expression of aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase activity in the mouse.. In: . . MGI: J:84317
Niwa A; Kumaki K; Nebert DW; Poland AP. 1975. Genetic expression of aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase activity in the mouse. Distinction between the 'responsive' homozygote and heterozygote at the Ah locus.. In: . . MGI: J:84316
Oesch F; Morris N; Daly JW. 1973. Genetic expression of the induction of epoxide hydrase and aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase activities in the mouse by phenobarbital or 3-methylcholanthrene.. In: . . MGI: J:25852
Okey AB; Vella LM; Harper PA. 1989. Detection and characterization of a low affinity form of cytosolic Ah receptor in livers of mice nonresponsive to induction of cytochrome P1-450 by 3-methylcholanthrene.. In: . . MGI: J:27899
Poel WE; Stanton D; Peters E; Wade HO. 1958. Comparative susceptibilities of seven inbred strains of mice to qualified applications of 3, 4-benzpyrene. In: . . MGI: J:84245
Poland A; Bradfield C. 1992. A brief review of the Ah locus.. In: . . MGI: J:12546
Poland A; Glover E. 1990. Characterization and strain distribution pattern of the murine Ah receptor specified by the Ahd and Ahb-3 alleles.. In: . . MGI: J:34840
Poland A; Glover E; Kende AS. 1976. Stereospecific, high affinity binding of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin by hepatic cytosol. Evidence that the binding species is receptor for induction of aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase.. In: . . MGI: J:84247
Poland A; Glover E; Taylor BA. 1987. The murine Ah locus: a new allele and mapping to chromosome 12.. In: . . MGI: J:8895
Poland A; Palen D; Glover E. 1994. Analysis of the four alleles of the murine aryl hydrocarbon receptor.. In: . . MGI: J:22144
Poland A; Teitelbaum P; Glover E; Kende A. 1989. Stimulation of in vivo hepatic uptake and in vitro hepatic binding of [125I]2-lodo-3,7,8-trichlorodibenzo-p-dioxin by the administration of agonist for the Ah receptor.. In: . . MGI: J:126377
Poland AP; Glover E; Robinson JR; Nebert DW. 1974. Genetic expression of aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase activity. Induction of monooxygenase activities and cytochrome P1-450 formation by 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin in mice genetically 'nonresponsive' to other aromatic hydrocarbons.. In: . . MGI: J:84314
Quintana FJ; Basso AS; Iglesias AH; Korn T; Farez MF; Bettelli E; Caccamo M; Oukka M; Weiner HL. 2008. Control of T(reg) and T(H)17 cell differentiation by the aryl hydrocarbon receptor.. In: . . MGI: J:136052
Robinson JR; Considine N; Nebert DW. 1974. Genetic expression of aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase induction. Evidence for the involvement of other genetic loci.. In: . . MGI: J:84315
Schmid FA; Demetriades MS; Schabel FM 3rd; Tarnowski GS. 1967. Toxicity of several cancerigenic polycyclic hydrocarbons and other agents in AKR and C57BL-6 mice.. In: . . MGI: J:84246
Schmid FA; Elmer I; Tarnowski GS. 1969. Genetic determination of differential inflammatory reactivity and subcutaneous tumor susceptibility of AKR-J and C57BL-6J mice to 7,12-dimethylbenz- [a]anthracene.. In: . . MGI: J:34134
Schmid FA; Pena RC; Robinson W; Tarnowski GS. 1967. Toxicity of intraperitoneal injections of 7, 12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene in inbred mice.. In: . . MGI: J:26440
Schmidt JV; Carver LA; Bradfield CA. 1993. Molecular characterization of the murine Ahr gene. Organization, promoter analysis, and chromosomal assignment.. In: . . MGI: J:15153
Shi Z; Chen Y; Dong H; Amos-Kroohs RM; Nebert DW. 2008. Generation of a 'humanized' hCYP1A1_1A2_Cyp1a1/1a2(-/-)_Ahrd mouse line harboring the poor-affinity aryl hydrocarbon receptor.. In: . . MGI: J:141523
Shivanna B; Zhang W; Jiang W; Welty SE; Couroucli XI; Wang L; Moorthy B. 2013. Functional deficiency of aryl hydrocarbon receptor augments oxygen toxicity-induced alveolar simplification in newborn mice.. In: . . MGI: J:193493
Simonian PL; Wehrmann F; Roark CL; Born WK; O'Brien RL; Fontenot AP. 2010. gammadelta T cells protect against lung fibrosis via IL-22.. In: . . MGI: J:165803
Smith AG; Clothier B; Robinson S; Scullion MJ; Carthew P; Edwards R; Luo J; Lim CK; Toledano M. 1998. Interaction between iron metabolism and 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin in mice with variants of the Ahr gene: a hepatic oxidative mechanism.. In: . . MGI: J:45850
Stiborova M; Levova K; Barta F; Shi Z; Frei E; Schmeiser HH; Nebert DW; Phillips DH; Arlt VM. 2012. Bioactivation versus detoxication of the urothelial carcinogen aristolochic acid I by human cytochrome P450 1A1 and 1A2.. In: . . MGI: J:183662
Tanos R; Murray IA; Smith PB; Patterson A; Perdew GH. 2012. Role of the ah receptor in homeostatic control of Fatty Acid synthesis in the liver.. In: . . MGI: J:188164
Taylor BA. 1971. Strain distribution and linkage tests of 7,12-dimethylbenzanthracene (DMBA) inflammatory response in mice.. In: . . MGI: J:5244
Thomas PE; Hutton JJ; Taylor BA. 1973. Genetic relationship between aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase inducibility and chemical carcinogen induced skin ulceration in mice.. In: . . MGI: J:5387
Thomas PE; Kouri RE; Hutton JJ. 1972. The genetics of aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase induction in mice: a single gene difference between C57BL-6J and DBA-2J.. In: . . MGI: J:31977
Thorgeirsson SS; Nebert DW. 1977. The Ah locus and the metabolism of chemical carcinogens and other foreign compounds.. In: . . MGI: J:5822
Walisser JA; Bunger MK; Glover E; Bradfield CA. 2004. Gestational exposure of Ahr and Arnt hypomorphs to dioxin rescues vascular development.. In: . . MGI: J:94465
Williams EG; Mouchiroud L; Frochaux M; Pandey A; Andreux PA; Deplancke B; Auwerx J. 2014. An evolutionarily conserved role for the aryl hydrocarbon receptor in the regulation of movement.. In: . . MGI: J:232452
Yeager RL; Reisman SA; Aleksunes LM; Klaassen CD. 2009. Introducing the 'TCDD-inducible AhR-Nrf2 gene battery'.. In: . . MGI: J:154083
Yu Z; Mahadevan B; Lohr CV; Fischer KA; Louderback MA; Krueger SK; Pereira CB; Albershardt DJ; Baird WM; Bailey GS; Williams DE. 2006. Indole-3-carbinol in the maternal diet provides chemoprotection for the fetus against transplacental carcinogenesis by the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon dibenzo[a,l]pyrene.. In: . . MGI: J:113356
Zhou Y; Tung HY; Tsai YM; Hsu SC; Chang HW; Kawasaki H; Tseng HC; Plunkett B; Gao P; Hung CH; Vonakis BM; Huang SK. 2013. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor controls murine mast cell homeostasis.. In: . . MGI: J:197552

Additional - Kitl^Sl related

Bennett D. 1956. Developmental analysis of a mutation with pleiotropic effects in the mouse. In: . . MGI: J:28098
Bernstein SE. 1969. Hereditary disorders of the rodent erythron. In: Genetics in Laboratory Animal Medicine. Natl Acad Sci Publ, Washington, DC. MGI: J:30699
Chan CK; Chen CC; Luppen CA; Kim JB; DeBoer AT; Wei K; Helms JA; Kuo CJ; Kraft DL; Weissman IL. 2009. Endochondral ossification is required for haematopoietic stem-cell niche formation.. In: . . MGI: J:143892
Chen L; Faire M; Kissner MD; Laird DJ. 2013. Primordial germ cells and gastrointestinal stromal tumors respond distinctly to a cKit overactivating allele.. In: . . MGI: J:191131
Chen R; Ning G; Zhao ML; Fleming MG; Diaz LA; Werb Z; Liu Z. 2001. Mast cells play a key role in neutrophil recruitment in experimental bullous pemphigoid.. In: . . MGI: J:72195
Clark EA; Shultz LD; Pollack SB. 1981. Mutations in mice that influence natural killer (NK) cell activity.. In: . . MGI: J:6485
Copeland NG; Gilbert DJ; Cho BC; Donovan PJ; Jenkins NA; Cosman D; Anderson D; Lyman SD; Williams DE. 1990. Mast cell growth factor maps near the steel locus on mouse chromosome 10 and is deleted in a number of steel alleles.. In: . . MGI: J:10748
Deshpande S; Agosti V; Manova K; Moore MA; Hardy MP; Besmer P. 2010. Kit ligand cytoplasmic domain is essential for basolateral sorting in vivo and has roles in spermatogenesis and hematopoiesis.. In: . . MGI: J:157170
Ding H; Nedrud JG; Wershil B; Redline RW; Blanchard TG; Czinn SJ. 2009. Partial protection against Helicobacter pylori in the absence of mast cells in mice.. In: . . MGI: J:155471
Ebihara C; Ebihara K; Aizawa-Abe M; Mashimo T; Tomita T; Zhao M; Gumbilai V; Kusakabe T; Yamamoto Y; Aotani D; Yamamoto-Kataoka S; Sakai T; Hosoda K; Serikawa T; Nakao K. 2015. Seipin is necessary for normal brain development and spermatogenesis in addition to adipogenesis.. In: . . MGI: J:226956
Flanagan JG; Leder P. 1990. The kit ligand: a cell surface molecule altered in steel mutant fibroblasts.. In: . . MGI: J:10749
Gore BB; Wong KG; Tessier-Lavigne M. 2008. Stem cell factor functions as an outgrowth-promoting factor to enable axon exit from the midline intermediate target.. In: . . MGI: J:132880
Gu Y; Runyan C; Shoemaker A; Surani A; Wylie C. 2009. Steel factor controls primordial germ cell survival and motility from the time of their specification in the allantois, and provides a continuous niche throughout their migration.. In: . . MGI: J:147283
Gurish MF; Tao H; Abonia JP; Arya A; Friend DS; Parker CM; Austen KF. 2001. Intestinal mast cell progenitors require CD49dbeta7 (alpha4beta7 integrin) for tissue-specific homing.. In: . . MGI: J:119138
Hu B; Colletti LM. 2008. Stem cell factor and c-kit are involved in hepatic recovery after acetaminophen-induced liver injury in mice.. In: . . MGI: J:137545
Ishii M; Tachiwana T; Hoshino A; Tsunekawa N; Hiramatsu R; Matoba S; Kanai-Azuma M; Kawakami H; Kurohmaru M; Kanai Y. 2007. Potency of testicular somatic environment to support spermatogenesis in XX/Sry transgenic male mice.. In: . . MGI: J:135064
Jones TG; Hallgren J; Humbles A; Burwell T; Finkelman FD; Alcaide P; Austen KF; Gurish MF. 2009. Antigen-induced increases in pulmonary mast cell progenitor numbers depend on IL-9 and CD1d-restricted NKT cells.. In: . . MGI: J:153832
Kitamura Y; Go S. 1979. Decreased production of mast cells in S1/S1d anemic mice.. In: . . MGI: J:6084
Kitamura Y; Yokoyama M; Matsuda H; Shimada M. 1980. Coincidental development of forestomach papilloma and prepyloric ulcer in nontreated mutant mice of W/Wv and SI/SId genotypes.. In: . . MGI: J:6393
Krishnamoorthy N; Oriss TB; Paglia M; Fei M; Yarlagadda M; Vanhaesebroeck B; Ray A; Ray P. 2008. Activation of c-Kit in dendritic cells regulates T helper cell differentiation and allergic asthma.. In: . . MGI: J:136704
Lam MY; Nadeau JH. 2003. Genetic control of susceptibility to spontaneous testicular germ cell tumors in mice.. In: . . MGI: J:82965
Lee DM; Friend DS; Gurish MF; Benoist C; Mathis D; Brenner MB. 2002. Mast cells: a cellular link between autoantibodies and inflammatory arthritis.. In: . . MGI: J:78906
Lotinun S; Evans GL; Turner RT; Oursler MJ. 2005. Deletion of membrane-bound steel factor results in osteopenia in mice.. In: . . MGI: J:111273
Lourenssen S; Motro B; Bernstein A; Diamond J. 2000. Defects in sensory nerve numbers and growth in mutant Kit and Steel mice.. In: . . MGI: J:103680
Majumdar MK; Everett ET; Xiao X; Cooper R; Langley K; Kapur R; Vik T; Williams DA. 1996. Xenogeneic expression of human stem cell factor in transgenic mice mimics codominant c-kit mutations.. In: . . MGI: J:32600
McCoshen JA; McCallion DJ. 1975. A study of the primordial germ cells during their migratory phase in Steel mutant mice.. In: . . MGI: J:5547
Mikkelsen HB; Malysz J; Huizinga JD; Thuneberg L. 1998. Action potential generation, Kit receptor immunohistochemistry and morphology of steel-Dickie (Sl/Sld) mutant mouse small intestine.. In: . . MGI: J:113054
Moro K; Yamada T; Tanabe M; Takeuchi T; Ikawa T; Kawamoto H; Furusawa J; Ohtani M; Fujii H; Koyasu S. 2010. Innate production of T(H)2 cytokines by adipose tissue-associated c-Kit(+)Sca-1(+) lymphoid cells.. In: . . MGI: J:156764
Motro B; Wojtowicz JM; Bernstein A; van der Kooy D. 1996. Steel mutant mice are deficient in hippocampal learning but not long-term potentiation.. In: . . MGI: J:32130
Murphy ED. 1966. Characteristic Tumors. In: Biology of the Laboratory Mouse. McGraw-Hill, New York. MGI: J:24830
Ogawa T; Dobrinski I; Avarbock MR; Brinster RL. 2000. Transplantation of male germ line stem cells restores fertility in infertile mice [see comments]. In: . . MGI: J:59322
Ohta H; Aizawa S; Nishimune Y. 2003. Functional Analysis of the p53 Gene in Apoptosis Induced by Heat Stress or Loss of Stem Cell Factor Signaling in Mouse Male Germ Cells.. In: . . MGI: J:83572
Ohta H; Yomogida K; Dohmae K; Nishimune Y. 2000. Regulation of proliferation and differentiation in spermatogonial stem cells: the role of c-kit and its ligand SCF. In: . . MGI: J:61520
Puddington L; Olson S; Lefrancois L. 1994. Interactions between stem cell factor and c-Kit are required for intestinal immune system homeostasis.. In: . . MGI: J:189422
Ren X; Hogaboam C; Carpenter A; Colletti L. 2003. Stem cell factor restores hepatocyte proliferation in IL-6 knockout mice following 70% hepatectomy.. In: . . MGI: J:118475
Rodewald HR; Kretzschmar K; Swat W; Takeda S. 1995. Intrathymically expressed c-kit ligand (stem cell factor) is a major factor driving expansion of very immature thymocytes in vivo.. In: . . MGI: J:28959
Runyan C; Schaible K; Molyneaux K; Wang Z; Levin L; Wylie C. 2006. Steel factor controls midline cell death of primordial germ cells and is essential for their normal proliferation and migration.. In: . . MGI: J:115283
Russell ES. 1970. Abnormalities of erythropoiesis associated with mutant genes in mice. In: Regulation of Hematopoiesis. Appleton-Century-Crofts, New York. MGI: J:27511
Russell ES; Bernstein SE. 1966. Blood and Blood Formation. In: Biology of the Laboratory Mouse. McGraw Hill, New York. MGI: J:24829
Russell LB; Russell WL. 1953. Steel (Sl) and Pearl (pe). In: . . MGI: J:104625
Sarvella PA; Russell LB. 1956. Steel, a new dominant gene in the house mouse. In: . . MGI: J:3399
Sassa S; Bernstein SE. 1978. Studies of erythrocyte protoporphyrin in anemic mutant mice: use of a modified hematofluorometer for the detection of heterozygotes for hemolytic disease.. In: . . MGI: J:5985
Sato T; Yokonishi T; Komeya M; Katagiri K; Kubota Y; Matoba S; Ogonuki N; Ogura A; Yoshida S; Ogawa T. 2012. Testis tissue explantation cures spermatogenic failure in c-Kit ligand mutant mice.. In: . . MGI: J:190116
Schwarzenberger P; Huang W; Ye P; Oliver P; Manuel M; Zhang Z; Bagby G; Nelson S; Kolls JK. 2000. Requirement of endogenous stem cell factor and granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor for IL-17-mediated granulopoiesis.. In: . . MGI: J:112156
Silver DL; Hou L; Somerville R; Young ME; Apte SS; Pavan WJ. 2008. The secreted metalloprotease AMAMTS20 is required for melanoblast survival. In: . . MGI: J:133403
Silvers WK. 1979. The Coat Colors of Mice; A Model for Mammalian Gene Action and Interaction. In: The Coat Colors of Mice. Springer-Verlag, New York. MGI: J:78801
Staats J. 1963. Inbred Strains of Mice No. 3. In: . . MGI: J:55932
Stevens LC; Mackensen JA. 1961. Genetic and environmental influences on teratocarcinogenesis in mice. In: . . MGI: J:50508
Sundberg JP; Kenty GA; Beamer WG; Adkison DL. 1992. Forestomach papillomas in flaky skin and steel-Dickie mutant mice.. In: . . MGI: J:2777
Sweet HO; Davisson MT. 1995. Remutations at The Jackson Laboratory (Update to Mouse Genome 1993; 91:862-5 - J16313). In: . . MGI: J:30778
Tadokoro Y; Yomogida K; Ohta H; Tohda A; Nishimune Y. 2002. Homeostatic regulation of germinal stem cell proliferation by the GDNF/FSH pathway.. In: . . MGI: J:184664
The Jackson Laboratory Office of Genetic Resources. 1983. Registry of Remutation at The Jackson Laboratory, 1983-1984. In: . . MGI: J:79402
Tokuda M; Kadokawa Y; Kurahashi H; Marunouchi T. 2007. CDH1 is a specific marker for undifferentiated spermatogonia in mouse testes.. In: . . MGI: J:117360
Turner RT; Wong CP; Iwaniec UT. 2011. Effect of reduced c-Kit signaling on bone marrow adiposity.. In: . . MGI: J:175574
Turnquist HR; Zhao Z; Rosborough BR; Liu Q; Castellaneta A; Isse K; Wang Z; Lang M; Stolz DB; Zheng XX; Demetris AJ; Liew FY; Wood KJ; Thomson AW. 2011. IL-33 expands suppressive CD11b+ Gr-1 int and regulatory T cells, including ST2L+ Foxp3+ cells, and mediates regulatory T cell-dependent promotion of cardiac allograft survival.. In: . . MGI: J:179437
Wang CH; Anderson N; Li SH; Szmitko PE; Cherng WJ; Fedak PW; Fazel S; Li RK; Yau TM; Weisel RD; Stanford WL; Verma S. 2006. Stem cell factor deficiency is vasculoprotective: unraveling a new therapeutic potential of imatinib mesylate.. In: . . MGI: J:125065
Watanabe M; Satoh T; Yamamoto Y; Kanai Y; Karasuyama H; Yokozeki H. 2008. Overproduction of IgE induces macrophage-derived chemokine (CCL22) secretion from basophils.. In: . . MGI: J:140755
Wehrle-Haller B; Weston JA. 1995. Soluble and cell-bound forms of steel factor activity play distinct roles in melanocyte precursor dispersal and survival on the lateral neural crest migration pathway.. In: . . MGI: J:40215
Wershil BK; Castagliuolo I; Pothoulakis C. 1998. Direct evidence of mast cell involvement in Clostridium difficile toxin A-induced enteritis in mice.. In: . . MGI: J:107762
Wershil BK; Theodos CM; Galli SJ; Titus RG. 1994. Mast cells augment lesion size and persistence during experimental Leishmania major infection in the mouse.. In: . . MGI: J:17706
Wolf NS. 1978. Dissecting the hematopoietic microenvironment. II. The kinetics of the erythron of the S1/S1d mouse and the dual nature of its anemia.. In: . . MGI: J:6031
Wouters M; De Laet A; Donck LV; Delpire E; van Bogaert PP; Timmermans JP; de Kerchove d'Exaerde A; Smans K; Vanderwinden JM. 2006. Subtractive hybridization unravels a role for the ion cotransporter NKCC1 in the murine intestinal pacemaker.. In: . . MGI: J:111089

Additional - Pde6b^rd1 related

Acosta ML; Fletcher EL; Azizoglu S; Foster LE; Farber DB; Kalloniatis M. 2005. Early markers of retinal degeneration in rd/rd mice.. In: . . MGI: J:103970
Aftab U; Jiang C; Tucker B; Kim JY; Klassen H; Miljan E; Sinden J; Young M. 2009. Growth kinetics and transplantation of human retinal progenitor cells.. In: . . MGI: J:151412
Ahuja S; Ahuja-Jensen P; Johnson LE; Caffe AR; Abrahamson M; Ekstrom PA; van Veen T. 2008. rd1 Mouse retina shows an imbalance in the activity of cysteine protease cathepsins and their endogenous inhibitor cystatin C.. In: . . MGI: J:133024
Ahuja-Jensen P; Johnsen-Soriano S; Ahuja S; Bosch-Morell F; Sancho-Tello M; Romero FJ; Abrahamson M; van Veen T. 2007. Low glutathione peroxidase in rd1 mouse retina increases oxidative stress and proteases.. In: . . MGI: J:122802
Alavi MV; Bette S; Schimpf S; Schuettauf F; Schraermeyer U; Wehrl HF; Ruttiger L; Beck SC; Tonagel F; Pichler BJ; Knipper M; Peters T; Laufs J; Wissinger B. 2007. A splice site mutation in the murine Opa1 gene features pathology of autosomal dominant optic atrophy.. In: . . MGI: J:154966
Allen AE; Brown TM; Lucas RJ. 2011. A distinct contribution of short-wavelength-sensitive cones to light-evoked activity in the mouse pretectal olivary nucleus.. In: . . MGI: J:177906
Allen AE; Cameron MA; Brown TM; Vugler AA; Lucas RJ. 2010. Visual responses in mice lacking critical components of all known retinal phototransduction cascades.. In: . . MGI: J:167121
Alvarez-Lopez C; Cernuda-Cernuda R; Alcorta E; Alvarez-Viejo M; Manuel Garcia-Fernandez J. 2004. Altered endogenous activation of CREB in the suprachiasmatic nucleus of mice with retinal degeneration.. In: . . MGI: J:92980
Alvarez-Lopez C; Cernuda-Cernuda R; Garcia-Fernandez JM. 2006. The mPer1 clock gene expression in the rd mouse suprachiasmatic nucleus is affected by the retinal degeneration.. In: . . MGI: J:109668
Alvarez-Lopez C; Cernuda-Cernuda R; Paniagua MA; Alvarez-Viejo M; Fernandez-Lopez A; Garcia-Fernandez JM. 2004. The transcription factor CREB is phosphorylated in neurons of the piriform cortex of blind mice in response to illumination of the retina.. In: . . MGI: J:121036
Arango-Gonzalez B; Trifunovic D; Sahaboglu A; Kranz K; Michalakis S; Farinelli P; Koch S; Koch F; Cottet S; Janssen-Bienhold U; Dedek K; Biel M; Zrenner E; Euler T; Ekstrom P; Ueffing M; Paquet-Durand F. 2014. Identification of a common non-apoptotic cell death mechanism in hereditary retinal degeneration.. In: . . MGI: J:225151
Ardayfio P; Moon J; Leung KK; Youn-Hwang D; Kim KS. 2008. Impaired learning and memory in Pitx3 deficient aphakia mice: A genetic model for striatum-dependent cognitive symptoms in Parkinson's disease.. In: . . MGI: J:136304
Ash J; McLeod DS; Lutty GA. 2005. Transgenic expression of leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) blocks normal vascular development but not pathological neovascularization in the eye.. In: . . MGI: J:98579
Ash JA; Velazquez R; Kelley CM; Powers BE; Ginsberg SD; Mufson EJ; Strupp BJ. 2014. Maternal choline supplementation improves spatial mapping and increases basal forebrain cholinergic neuron number and size in aged Ts65Dn mice.. In: . . MGI: J:218355
Atkinson CL; Feng J; Zhang DQ. 2013. Functional integrity and modification of retinal dopaminergic neurons in the rd1 mutant mouse: roles of melanopsin and GABA.. In: . . MGI: J:238046
Audo I; Bujakowska K; Orhan E; Poloschek CM; Defoort-Dhellemmes S; Drumare I; Kohl S; Luu TD; Lecompte O; Zrenner E; Lancelot ME; Antonio A; Germain A; Michiels C; Audier C; Letexier M; Saraiva JP; Leroy BP; Munier FL; Mohand-Said S; Lorenz B; Friedburg C; Preising M; Kellner U; Renner AB; Moskova-Doumanova V; Berger W; Wissinger B; Hamel CP; Schorderet DF; De Baere E; Sharon D; Banin E; Jacobson SG; Bonneau D; Zanlonghi X; Le Meur G; Casteels I; Koenekoop R; Long VW; Meire F; Prescott K; de Ravel T; Simm. 2012. Whole-exome sequencing identifies mutations in GPR179 leading to autosomal-recessive complete congenital stationary night blindness.. In: . . MGI: J:196741
Ayturk DG; Castrucci AM; Carr DE; Keller SR; Provencio I. 2015. Lack of Melanopsin Is Associated with Extreme Weight Loss in Mice upon Dietary Challenge.. In: . . MGI: J:237743
Azadi S; Paquet-Durand F; Medstrand P; van Veen T; Ekstrom PA. 2006. Up-regulation and increased phosphorylation of protein kinase C (PKC) delta, mu and theta in the degenerating rd1 mouse retina.. In: . . MGI: J:108601
BRUCKNER R. 1951. [Slit-lamp microscopy and ophthalmoscopy in rat and mouse.]. In: . . MGI: J:25576
Ball SL; Powers PA; Shin HS; Morgans CW; Peachey NS; Gregg RG. 2002. Role of the beta(2) subunit of voltage-dependent calcium channels in the retinal outer plexiform layer.. In: . . MGI: J:80080
Barabas P; Liu A; Xing W; Chen CK; Tong Z; Watt CB; Jones BW; Bernstein PS; Krizaj D. 2013. Role of ELOVL4 and very long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in mouse models of Stargardt type 3 retinal degeneration.. In: . . MGI: J:194246
Barber AC; Hippert C; Duran Y; West EL; Bainbridge JW; Warre-Cornish K; Luhmann UF; Lakowski J; Sowden JC; Ali RR; Pearson RA. 2013. Repair of the degenerate retina by photoreceptor transplantation.. In: . . MGI: J:192521
Bhatti F; Ball G; Hobbs R; Linens A; Munzar S; Akram R; Barber AJ; Anderson M; Elliott M; Edwards M. 2015. Pulmonary surfactant protein a is expressed in mouse retina by Muller cells and impacts neovascularization in oxygen-induced retinopathy.. In: . . MGI: J:230990
Bi A; Cui J; Ma YP; Olshevskaya E; Pu M; Dizhoor AM; Pan ZH. 2006. Ectopic expression of a microbial-type rhodopsin restores visual responses in mice with photoreceptor degeneration.. In: . . MGI: J:122947
Blanks JC; Bok D. 1977. An autoradiographic analysis of postnatal cell proliferation in the normal and degenerative mouse retina.. In: . . MGI: J:5812
Borowska J; Trenholm S; Awatramani GB. 2011. An intrinsic neural oscillator in the degenerating mouse retina.. In: . . MGI: J:171202
Bowes C; Danciger M; Kozak CA; Farber DB. 1989. Isolation of a candidate cDNA for the gene causing retinal degeneration in the rd mouse [published erratum appears in Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1990 Feb;87(4):1625]. In: . . MGI: J:10184
Bowes C; Li T; Danciger M; Baxter LC; Applebury ML; Farber DB. 1990. Retinal degeneration in the rd mouse is caused by a defect in the beta subunit of rod cGMP-phosphodiesterase [see comments]. In: . . MGI: J:10777
Bowes C; Li T; Frankel WN; Danciger M; Coffin JM; Applebury ML; Farber DB. 1993. Localization of a retroviral element within the rd gene coding for the beta subunit of cGMP phosphodiesterase.. In: . . MGI: J:4366
Bramall AN; Szego MJ; Pacione LR; Chang I; Diez E; D'Orleans-Juste P; Stewart DJ; Hauswirth WW; Yanagisawa M; McInnes RR. 2013. Endothelin-2-mediated protection of mutant photoreceptors in inherited photoreceptor degeneration.. In: . . MGI: J:198395
Brown TM; Gias C; Hatori M; Keding SR; Semo M; Coffey PJ; Gigg J; Piggins HD; Panda S; Lucas RJ. 2010. Melanopsin contributions to irradiance coding in the thalamo-cortical visual system.. In: . . MGI: J:170401
Brown TM; Tsujimura S; Allen AE; Wynne J; Bedford R; Vickery G; Vugler A; Lucas RJ. 2012. Melanopsin-based brightness discrimination in mice and humans.. In: . . MGI: J:199509
Buhr ED; Van Gelder RN. 2014. Local photic entrainment of the retinal circadian oscillator in the absence of rods, cones, and melanopsin.. In: . . MGI: J:211359
Buhr ED; Yue WW; Ren X; Jiang Z; Liao HW; Mei X; Vemaraju S; Nguyen MT; Reed RR; Lang RA; Yau KW; Van Gelder RN. 2015. Neuropsin (OPN5)-mediated photoentrainment of local circadian oscillators in mammalian retina and cornea.. In: . . MGI: J:227078
Bumsted KM; Rizzolo LJ; Barnstable CJ. 2001. Defects in the MITF(mi/mi) apical surface are associated with a failure of outer segment elongation.. In: . . MGI: J:115620
Busskamp V; Duebel J; Balya D; Fradot M; Viney TJ; Siegert S; Groner AC; Cabuy E; Forster V; Seeliger M; Biel M; Humphries P; Paques M; Mohand-Said S; Trono D; Deisseroth K; Sahel JA; Picaud S; Roska B. 2010. Genetic reactivation of cone photoreceptors restores visual responses in retinitis pigmentosa.. In: . . MGI: J:162017
Cai R; Xue W; Liu S; Petersen RB; Huang K; Zheng L. 2015. Overexpression of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase prevents neurovascular degeneration after retinal injury.. In: . . MGI: J:225470
Caley DW; Johnson C; Liebelt RA. 1972. The postnatal development of the retina in the normal and rodless CBA mouse: a light and electron microscopic study.. In: . . MGI: J:5250
Cameron MA; Pozdeyev N; Vugler AA; Cooper H; Iuvone PM; Lucas RJ. 2009. Light regulation of retinal dopamine that is independent of melanopsin phototransduction.. In: . . MGI: J:146469
Carter-Dawson LD; LaVail MM; Sidman RL. 1978. Differential effect of the rd mutation on rods and cones in the mouse retina.. In: . . MGI: J:5988
Cayouette M; Gravel C. 1997. Adenovirus-mediated gene transfer of ciliary neurotrophic factor can prevent photoreceptor degeneration in the retinal degeneration (rd) mouse.. In: . . MGI: J:39262
Cayouette M; Smith SB; Becerra SP; Gravel C. 1999. Pigment epithelium-derived factor delays the death of photoreceptors in mouse models of inherited retinal degenerations.. In: . . MGI: J:59343
Chang B; Hawes NL; Hurd RE; Davisson MT; Nusinowitz S; Heckenlively JR. 2002. Retinal degeneration mutants in the mouse.. In: . . MGI: J:75095
Chang B; Hawes NL; Hurd RE; Wang J; Howell D; Davisson MT; Roderick TH; Nusinowitz S; Heckenlively JR. 2005. Mouse models of ocular diseases.. In: . . MGI: J:156373
Chang B; Hurd R; Wang J; Nishina P. 2013. Survey of common eye diseases in laboratory mouse strains.. In: . . MGI: J:198916
Charbel Issa P; Singh MS; Lipinski DM; Chong NV; Delori FC; Barnard AR; MacLaren RE. 2012. Optimization of in vivo confocal autofluorescence imaging of the ocular fundus in mice and its application to models of human retinal degeneration.. In: . . MGI: J:191520
Chen B; Cepko CL. 2009. HDAC4 regulates neuronal survival in normal and diseased retinas.. In: . . MGI: J:143166
Chen Q; Khoury M; Chen J. 2009. Expression of human cytokines dramatically improves reconstitution of specific human-blood lineage cells in humanized mice.. In: . . MGI: J:155817
Chua J; Nivison-Smith L; Fletcher EL; Trenholm S; Awatramani GB; Kalloniatis M. 2013. Early remodeling of Muller cells in the rd/rd mouse model of retinal dystrophy.. In: . . MGI: J:200732
Cohen AI; Blazynski C. 1990. Dopamine and its agonists reduce a light-sensitive pool of cyclic AMP in mouse photoreceptors.. In: . . MGI: J:78184
Comitato A; Sanges D; Rossi A; Humphries MM; Marigo V. 2014. Activation of Bax in three models of retinitis pigmentosa.. In: . . MGI: J:230024
Cornett A; Sucic JF; Hillsburg D; Cyr L; Johnson C; Polanco A; Figuereo J; Cabine K; Russo N; Sturtevant A; Jarvinen MK. 2011. Altered glial gene expression, density, and architecture in the visual cortex upon retinal degeneration.. In: . . MGI: J:179028
Danciger M; Bowes C; Kozak CA; LaVail MM; Farber DB. 1990. Fine mapping of a putative rd cDNA and its co-segregation with rd expression.. In: . . MGI: J:10689
Daniels DM; Stoddart CW; Martin-Iverson MT; Lai CM; Redmond TM; Rakoczy PE. 2003. Entrainment of circadian rhythm to a photoperiod reversal shows retinal dystrophy in RPE65(-/-) mice.. In: . . MGI: J:96439
Davies VJ; Powell KA; White KE; Yip W; Hogan V; Hollins AJ; Davies JR; Piechota M; Brownstein DG; Moat SJ; Nichols PP; Wride MA; Boulton ME; Votruba M. 2008. A missense mutation in the murine Opa3 gene models human Costeff syndrome.. In: . . MGI: J:181670
Davis KE; Eleftheriou CG; Allen AE; Procyk CA; Lucas RJ. 2015. Melanopsin-derived visual responses under light adapted conditions in the mouse dLGN.. In: . . MGI: J:233435
Davis RJ; Tosi J; Janisch KM; Kasanuki JM; Wang NK; Kong J; Tsui I; Cilluffo M; Woodruff ML; Fain GL; Lin CS; Tsang SH. 2008. Functional rescue of degenerating photoreceptors in mice homozygous for a hypomorphic cGMP phosphodiesterase 6 b allele (Pde6bH620Q).. In: . . MGI: J:141984
Del Rio P; Irmler M; Arango-Gonzalez B; Favor J; Bobe C; Bartsch U; Vecino E; Beckers J; Hauck SM; Ueffing M. 2011. GDNF-induced osteopontin from Muller glial cells promotes photoreceptor survival in the Pde6b(rd1) mouse model of retinal degeneration.. In: . . MGI: J:169746
Delyfer MN; Forster V; Neveux N; Picaud S; Leveillard T; Sahel JA. 2005. Evidence for glutamate-mediated excitotoxic mechanisms during photoreceptor degeneration in the rd1 mouse retina.. In: . . MGI: J:103968
Demos C; Bandyopadhyay M; Rohrer B. 2008. Identification of candidate genes for human retinal degeneration loci using differentially expressed genes from mouse photoreceptor dystrophy models.. In: . . MGI: J:140115
Doonan F; Donovan M; Cotter TG. 2003. Caspase-independent photoreceptor apoptosis in mouse models of retinal degeneration.. In: . . MGI: J:84389
Drager UC; Hubel DH. 1978. Studies of visual function and its decay in mice with hereditary retinal degeneration.. In: . . MGI: J:5980
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Paquet-Durand F; Beck S; Michalakis S; Goldmann T; Huber G; Muhlfriedel R; Trifunovic D; Fischer MD; Fahl E; Duetsch G; Becirovic E; Wolfrum U; van Veen T; Biel M; Tanimoto N; Seeliger MW. 2011. A key role for cyclic nucleotide gated (CNG) channels in cGMP-related retinitis pigmentosa.. In: . . MGI: J:169039
Park H; Tan CC; Faulkner A; Jabbar SB; Schmid G; Abey J; Iuvone PM; Pardue MT. 2013. Retinal degeneration increases susceptibility to myopia in mice.. In: . . MGI: J:205341
Park SJ; Lee DS; Lim EJ; Choi SH; Kang WS; Kim IB; Chun MH. 2008. The absence of the clathrin-dependent endocytosis in rod bipolar cells of the FVB/N mouse retina.. In: . . MGI: J:137049
Peirson SN; Oster H; Jones SL; Leitges M; Hankins MW; Foster RG. 2007. Microarray analysis and functional genomics identify novel components of melanopsin signaling.. In: . . MGI: J:128396
Peng GH; Chen S. 2007. Crx activates opsin transcription by recruiting HAT-containing co-activators and promoting histone acetylation.. In: . . MGI: J:129889
Pennesi ME; Michaels KV; Magee SS; Maricle A; Davin SP; Garg AK; Gale MJ; Tu DC; Wen Y; Erker LR; Francis PJ. 2012. Long-term characterization of retinal degeneration in rd1 and rd10 mice using spectral domain optical coherence tomography.. In: . . MGI: J:213983
Petrasch-Parwez E; Habbes HW; Weickert S; Lobbecke-Schumacher M; Striedinger K; Wieczorek S; Dermietzel R; Epplen JT. 2004. Fine-structural analysis and connexin expression in the retina of a transgenic model of Huntington's disease.. In: . . MGI: J:135880
Phelan JK; Bok D. 2000. Analysis and quantitation of mRNAs encoding the alpha- and beta-subunits of rod photoreceptor cGMP phosphodiesterase in neonatal retinal degeneration (rd) mouse retinas.. In: . . MGI: J:63861
Pickard GE; Baver SB; Ogilvie MD; Sollars PJ. 2009. Light-induced fos expression in intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells in melanopsin knockout (opn4) mice.. In: . . MGI: J:147460
Pittler SJ; Baehr W. 1991. Identification of a nonsense mutation in the rod photoreceptor cGMP phosphodiesterase beta-subunit gene of the rd mouse.. In: . . MGI: J:11513
Pittler SJ; Keeler CE; Sidman RL; Baehr W. 1993. PCR analysis of DNA from 70-year-old sections of rodless retina demonstrates identity with the mouse rd defect.. In: . . MGI: J:15231
Popper P; Farber DB; Micevych PE; Minoofar K; Bronstein JM. 1997. TRPM-2 expression and tunel staining in neurodegenerative diseases: studies in wobbler and rd mice.. In: . . MGI: J:38831
Portera-Cailliau C; Sung CH; Nathans J; Adler R. 1994. Apoptotic photoreceptor cell death in mouse models of retinitis pigmentosa.. In: . . MGI: J:16708
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Provencio I; Cooper HM; Foster RG. 1998. Retinal projections in mice with inherited retinal degeneration: implications for circadian photoentrainment.. In: . . MGI: J:47756
Provencio I; Foster RG. 1995. Circadian rhythms in mice can be regulated by photoreceptors with cone-like characteristics.. In: . . MGI: J:29236
Provencio I; Wong S; Lederman AB; Argamaso SM; Foster RG. 1994. Visual and circadian responses to light in aged retinally degenerate mice.. In: . . MGI: J:19843
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Punzo C; Kornacker K; Cepko CL. 2009. Stimulation of the insulin/mTOR pathway delays cone death in a mouse model of retinitis pigmentosa.. In: . . MGI: J:144720
Qiao X; Pennesi M; Seong E; Gao H; Burmeister M; Wu SM. 2003. Photoreceptor degeneration and rd1 mutation in the grizzled/mocha mouse strain.. In: . . MGI: J:88031
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Rao A; Dallman R; Henderson S; Chen CK. 2007. Gbeta5 is required for normal light responses and morphology of retinal ON-bipolar cells.. In: . . MGI: J:129267
Rattner A; Wang Y; Zhou Y; Williams J; Nathans J. 2014. The role of the hypoxia response in shaping retinal vascular development in the absence of Norrin/Frizzled4 signaling.. In: . . MGI: J:230295
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Rohrer B; Demos C; Frigg R; Grimm C. 2007. Classical complement activation and acquired immune response pathways are not essential for retinal degeneration in the rd1 mouse.. In: . . MGI: J:123183
Rossi C; Strettoi E; Galli-Resta L. 2003. The spatial order of horizontal cells is not affected by massive alterations in the organization of other retinal cells.. In: . . MGI: J:120041
Ruan GX; Allen GC; Yamazaki S; McMahon DG. 2008. An autonomous circadian clock in the inner mouse retina regulated by dopamine and GABA.. In: . . MGI: J:141081
Ruggiero L; Allen CN; Lane Brown R; Robinson DW. 2009. The development of melanopsin-containing retinal ganglion cells in mice with early retinal degeneration.. In: . . MGI: J:146465
Ryu SB; Ye JH; Goo YS; Kim CH; Kim KH. 2010. Temporal response properties of retinal ganglion cells in rd1 mice evoked by amplitude-modulated electrical pulse trains.. In: . . MGI: J:171389
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Scott A; Powner MB; Fruttiger M. 2014. Quantification of vascular tortuosity as an early outcome measure in oxygen induced retinopathy (OIR).. In: . . MGI: J:210367
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Semo M; Peirson S; Lupi D; Lucas RJ; Jeffery G; Foster RG. 2003. Melanopsin retinal ganglion cells and the maintenance of circadian and pupillary responses to light in aged rodless/coneless (rd/rd cl) mice.. In: . . MGI: J:128149
Sharma AK; Rohrer B. 2007. Sustained elevation of intracellular cGMP causes oxidative stress triggering calpain-mediated apoptosis in photoreceptor degeneration.. In: . . MGI: J:121112
Sheedlo HJ; Jaynes D; Bolan AL; Turner JE. 1995. Mullerian glia in dystrophic rodent retinas: an immunocytochemical analysis.. In: . . MGI: J:24543
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Srinivasan Y; Lovicu FJ; Overbeek PA. 1998. Lens-specific expression of transforming growth factor beta1 in transgenic mice causes anterior subcapsular cataracts.. In: . . MGI: J:135895
Srivastava P; Sinha-Mahapatra SK; Ghosh A; Srivastava I; Dhingra NK. 2015. Differential alterations in the expression of neurotransmitter receptors in inner retina following loss of photoreceptors in rd1 mouse.. In: . . MGI: J:233420
Stone C; Pinto LH. 1993. Response properties of ganglion cells in the isolated mouse retina.. In: . . MGI: J:116795
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Takahashi M; Miyoshi H; Verma IM; Gage FH. 1999. Rescue from photoreceptor degeneration in the rd mouse by human immunodeficiency virus vector-mediated gene transfer.. In: . . MGI: J:56759
Tansley K. 1954. An inherited retinal degeneration in the mouse. In: . . MGI: J:15333
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Thompson S; Foster RG; Stone EM; Sheffield VC; Mrosovsky N. 2008. Classical and melanopsin photoreception in irradiance detection: negative masking of locomotor activity by light.. In: . . MGI: J:136825
Thompson S; Lupi D; Hankins MW; Peirson SN; Foster RG. 2008. The effects of rod and cone loss on the photic regulation of locomotor activity and heart rate.. In: . . MGI: J:140577
Thompson S; Mullins RF; Philp AR; Stone EM; Mrosovsky N. 2008. Divergent phenotypes of vision and accessory visual function in mice with visual cycle dysfunction (Rpe65 rd12) or retinal degeneration (rd/rd).. In: . . MGI: J:137044
Thompson S; Stasheff SF; Hernandez J; Nylen E; East JS; Kardon RH; Pinto LH; Mullins RF; Stone EM. 2011. Different inner retinal pathways mediate rod-cone input in irradiance detection for the pupillary light reflex and regulation of behavioral state in mice.. In: . . MGI: J:171559
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Tucker B; Klassen H; Yang L; Chen DF; Young MJ. 2008. Elevated MMP Expression in the MRL Mouse Retina Creates a Permissive Environment for Retinal Regeneration.. In: . . MGI: J:136153
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Vazquez-Chona FR; Clark AM; Levine EM. 2009. Rlbp1 promoter drives robust Muller glial GFP expression in transgenic mice.. In: . . MGI: J:154561
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van Wyk M; Pielecka-Fortuna J; Lowel S; Kleinlogel S. 2015. Restoring the ON Switch in Blind Retinas: Opto-mGluR6, a Next-Generation, Cell-Tailored Optogenetic Tool.. In: . . MGI: J:222959

Genetic overview

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Important Note

Detailed Description

Development

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Additional Information

Selected References

Ahrd

Allele Symbol: Ahrd

KitlSl

Allele Symbol: KitlSl

Pde6brd1

Allele Symbol: Pde6brd1

Disease Terms

Research Areas By Genotype

This mouse can be used to support research in many areas including:

Genotype: Ahrd related

Genotype: KitlSl related

Genotype: Pde6brd1 related

Mammalian Phenotype Terms by Genotype

Genotype: KitlSl/Kitl+either: (involves: C3H * WC) or (involves: C3H * C57BL/6 * DBA/2J * WC)

hematopoietic system phenotype

immune system phenotype

Genotype: KitlSl/Kitl+involves: C3H

pigmentation phenotype

hematopoietic system phenotype

hearing/vestibular/ear phenotype

reproductive system phenotype

craniofacial phenotype

integument phenotype

growth/size/body region phenotype

Genotype: KitlSl/Kitl+involves: 129/Sv * C3H

endocrine/exocrine gland phenotype

reproductive system phenotype

neoplasm

Genotype: KitlSl/KitlSlinvolves: C3H

mortality/aging

nervous system phenotype

hematopoietic system phenotype

cardiovascular system phenotype

reproductive system phenotype

pigmentation phenotype

embryo phenotype

integument phenotype

References

Additional References

Additional - Ahrd related

Additional - KitlSl related

Additional - Pde6brd1 related

Genotyping Protocols

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Production of mice from cryopreserved embryos or sperm occurs in a maximum barrier room, G200

Live Mouse

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Credit for PRODUCTS or SERVICES

Animal Care and Use for SERVICES

No Liability

Ahr^d

Allele Symbol: Ahr^d

Kitl^Sl

Allele Symbol: Kitl^Sl

Pde6b^rd1

Allele Symbol: Pde6b^rd1

Genotype: Ahr^d related

Genotype: Kitl^Sl related

Genotype: Pde6b^rd1 related

Genotype: Kitl^Sl/Kitl⁺
either: (involves: C3H * WC) or (involves: C3H * C57BL/6 * DBA/2J * WC)

Genotype: Kitl^Sl/Kitl⁺
involves: C3H

Genotype: Kitl^Sl/Kitl⁺
involves: 129/Sv * C3H

Genotype: Kitl^Sl/Kitl^Sl
involves: C3H

Additional - Ahr^d related

Additional - Kitl^Sl related

Additional - Pde6b^rd1 related