Overview

Historically, the 129 inbred mice are known for the high incidence of spontaneous testicular teratomas, though the incidence differs between substrains. More recently, 129 mice are widely used in the production of targeted mutations due to the availability of multiple embryonic stem cell lines derived from them. 129P3/J is one of the parental substrains.

Genetic overview

Genetic Background	Generation
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Research Applications

Research Tools
Metabolism Research
Neurobiology Research
Sensorineural Research
Cancer Research
Cardiovascular Research
Reproductive Biology Research

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Base Price

Starting at:

$107.72 Domestic price for male 3-week

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Details

Important Note

This strain is homozygous for Cdh23^ahl, the age related hearing loss 1 mutation, which on this background results in progressive hearing loss with onset prior to three months of age.

Detailed Description

Historically, the 129 inbred mice are known for the high incidence of spontaneous testicular teratomas, though the incidence differs between substrains. (1-3% in 129 parental substrains; 30% in teratoma substrains.) More recently, 129 mice are widely used in the production of targeted mutations due to the availability of multiple embryonic stem cell lines derived from them. There is major genetic variation within the 129 "family", which has led to an update of the nomenclature and a division of the substrains into three major groups: parental substrains (129P), steel substrains (129S) and "teratoma" substrains (129T). Investigators using 129 substrains for targeted mutagenesis should be careful in the selection of the appropriate 129 substrain to match the embryonic stem cell line. For a complete history of the numerous 129 substrains, see Simpson et al. 1997.

Development

Derivative of strain 101 (L.C. Dunn) when mice from two sublines maintained by Hunt (Tyr^c-ch Oca2^p / Tyr^c-ch Oca2^p) and Wynder (Tyr^c Oca2^p / Tyr^c Oca2^p) respectively were sent to The Jackson Laboratory in 1948 after the 1947 fire and a cross was made between them. Offspring of the cross gave rise to the Rl, Re, and Rr sublines, the latter giving rise to the 129P3/J substrain, which is maintained as a segregating inbred for Tyr^c-ch and Tyr^c.

Selected References

Festing MF; Simpson EM; Davisson MT; Mobraaten LE. 1999. Revised nomenclature for strain 129 mice. Mamm Genome 10(8):836PubMed: 10430671 MGI: J:56500
Fischer Lindahl K. 1997. On naming H2 haplotypes: functional significance of MHC class Ib alleles. Immunogenetics 46(1):53-62PubMed: 9148789 MGI: J:41130
Paigen B; Ishida BY; Verstuyft J; Winters RB; Albee D. 1990. Atherosclerosis susceptibility differences among progenitors of recombinant inbred strains of mice. Arteriosclerosis 10(2):316-23PubMed: 2317166 MGI: J:22615
Petkov PM; Cassell MA; Sargent EE; Donnelly CJ; Robinson P; Crew V; Asquith S; Haar RV; Wiles MV. 2004. Development of a SNP genotyping panel for genetic monitoring of the laboratory mouse. Genomics 83(5):902-11PubMed: 15081119 MGI: J:89298
Simpson EM; Linder CC; Sargent EE; Davisson MT; Mobraaten LE; Sharp JJ. 1997. Genetic variation among 129 substrains and its importance for targeted mutagenesis in mice. Nat Genet 16(1):19-27PubMed: 9140391 MGI: J:40222
Stevens LC. 1973. A new inbred subline of mice (129-terSv) with a high incidence of spontaneous congenital testicular teratomas. J Natl Cancer Inst 50(1):235-42PubMed: 4692863 MGI: J:29502
Threadgill DW; Yee D; Matin A; Nadeau JH; Magnuson T. 1997. Genealogy of the 129 inbred strains: 129/SvJ is a contaminated inbred strain. Mamm Genome 8(6):390-3PubMed: 9166580 MGI: J:40661

View All References

Genetics

Rmcf^r

Allele Symbol: Rmcf^r

Allele Name	MCF resistant
Allele Type	Spontaneous
Allele Synonym(s)
Gene Symbol and Name	Rmcf, resistance to MCF virus
Gene Synonym(s)
Strain of Origin	multiple strains
Chromosome	5
General Note	This locus controls resistance and susceptibility of cells in tissue culture to infection by mink cell focus-forming murine leukemia viruses. The allele Rmcf^r determines resistance and occurs in strains DBA/1, DBA/2, and CBA/Ca; the allele Rmcf^s determines susceptibility and occurs in strains AKR/J, C57BL/6, BALB/c, CBA/J, NFS, NZB, 129/J, and many others. Heterozygotes are as resistant as the resistant parent or nearly so. Rmcf is different from and independent of Fv1, a locus that controls susceptibility to infection by ecotropic viruses. Rmcf is located on Chr 5 close to Hm near the centromeric end (J:7108). Rmcf^r protects (AKR x CBA/Ca)F1 and (AKR x DBA/2)F1 hybrids from development of spontaneous thymic lymphomas and reduces the incidence of MCF-induced thymic lymphomas (J:7175). It also reduces susceptibility of cells of Sxv^s/Sxv^r mice to exogenous xenotropic viruses (J:7951). In addition, in strains susceptible to Friend virus-induced erythroleukemia, a condition thought to be due to the replication of MCF virus, Rmcf^r increases resistance to the virus-induced erythroleukemia. It may cause resistance by coding for or regulating the production of an MCF-related envelope glycoprotein that blocks the receptor for MCF viruses (J:8074). This conclusion is reinforced by the findings of Buller et al. (J:8497), who showed that the Rmcf^r allele contains an endogenous MCF gp70 env gene and that the Rmcf^s allele, at least in some strains (C57BL/6, CBA/J, and A/WySn), contains a xenotropic gp70 env gene. Presumably the MCF gp70 inhibits exogenous MCF infection in vitro by a mechanism of viral interference.
Molecular Note	This locus controls resistance of cells to infection by mink cell focus-forming murine leukemia viruses. The dominant r (resistance) allele is found in strains DBA/1, DBA/2 and CBA/Ca.

Disc1^del

Allele Symbol: Disc1^del

Allele Name	deletion
Allele Type	Spontaneous
Allele Synonym(s)	Disc1^129S6; Disc1^delta6
Gene Symbol and Name	Disc1, disrupted in schizophrenia 1
Gene Synonym(s)
Strain of Origin	various
Chromosome	8
General Note	This deletion appears in multiple strains of the 129 superfamily, 101/RI, BTBR T⁺ tf/J, LP/J, FVB/NJ, SJL/J, SWR/J and DDY/JclSidSeyFrkJ (J:111837, J:195189).
Molecular Note	A 25 bp deletion in exon 6 causes a frame shift in the reading frame, resulting in 13 novel amino acids and a premature stop codon in exon 7.

Cdh23^ahl

Allele Symbol: Cdh23^ahl

Allele Name	age related hearing loss 1
Allele Type	Spontaneous
Allele Synonym(s)	Cdh23^753A; mdfw
Gene Symbol and Name	Cdh23, cadherin 23 (otocadherin)
Gene Synonym(s)
Strain of Origin	multiple strains
Chromosome	10
Molecular Note	Genetic complementation tests have shown allelism between the mdfw (modifier of deaf waddler) locus and the ahl locus. Further analysis has shown this is caused by a G to A transition at coding nucleotide position 753 of Cdh23 (SNP rs257098870). This hypomorphic allele changes splice donor site G-GT to A-GT, causing frame skipping of exon 7. This is predicted to delete part of the 2nd and 3rd ectodomains and cause reduced message stability. Twenty-seven strains classified with ahl and carrying the 753A allele include: CD-1, RBF/DnJ, PL/J, AKR/J, RF/J, BALB/cBy, A/WySnJ, P/J, SENCARA/PtJ, DBA/1J, ALS/LtJ, C58/J, C57BLKS/J, 129P1/ReJ, C57BR/cd, SKH2/J, BUB/Bn, MA/MyJ, LP/J, 129X1/SvJ, NOR/LtJ, A/J, C57BL/6, NOD/LtJ, DBA/2J, ALR/LtJ, C57L/J. Strains classified with ahl that DO NOT carry this mutation include: 129S1/SvImJ, C3H/HeSnJ, I/LnJ, YBR/Ei, MRL/MpJ.

Ahr^d

Allele Symbol: Ahr^d

Allele Name	d variant
Allele Type	Not Applicable
Allele Synonym(s)	ah; Ah^d; Ah^k; Ahhⁿ; AhRd; in
Gene Symbol and Name	Ahr, aryl-hydrocarbon receptor
Gene Synonym(s)
Strain of Origin	Not Applicable
Chromosome	12
General Note	Strain of origin - this allele was found in DBA/2J, AKR/J, 129, SWR, RF, NZB strains
Molecular Note	This allele encodes a 104 kDa receptor that is stabilized by molybdate and has an affinity for ligand 10-100 fold lower than that of the receptor produced by the C57BL/6J allele. PCR sequencing of cDNA revealed ten nucleotide differences between the coding sequences of the DBA/2J and C57BL/6J receptors. Five of the ten differences would cause amino acid changes. One of these, an apparent T to C transition replaces the opal termination codon in the C57BL/6J allele with an arginine codon in the DBA/2J allele. This change would extend translation of the DBA/2J mRNA by 43 amino acids, accounting for the larger size of the peptide produced by this allele (104 kDa vs 95 kDa for the C57BL/6J allele). A second T to C transition changes a leucine codon in the C57BL/6J allele to a proline codon in the DBA/2J allele, and would likely change secondary structure of the peptide and thus ligand affinity.

Poli^d

Allele Symbol: Poli^d

Allele Name	polymerase iota deficient
Allele Type	Spontaneous (Null/Knockout)
Allele Synonym(s)	Poli^-; Poli¹²⁹
Gene Symbol and Name	Poli, polymerase (DNA directed), iota
Gene Synonym(s)
Strain of Origin	129
Chromosome	18
Molecular Note	A C-to-A nonsense mutation changes codon 27 from serine (TCG) to an amber stop codon (TAG) (SW:Q6R3M4 p.S27*), and results in a truncated protein lacking any catalytic function. The allele was present in every 129 strain analyzed, including 129P3/J, 129X1/SvJ, 129P1/ReJ and 129P2/Ola. C57BL/6J and BALB/c mice did not contain the mutation.

Disease/Phenotype

Disease Terms

Research Areas By Phenotype

This mouse can be used to support research in many areas including:

Research Tools
- Genetics Research
  - Mutagenesis and Transgenesis
  - Mutagenesis and Transgenesis: Production of Targeted Mutations (Knockouts)
- General Purpose
Neurobiology Research
- Hearing Defects
  - Age related hearing loss
- Neurodevelopmental Defects
  - callosal agenesis, incomplete penetrance
- Angelman syndrome
Sensorineural Research
- Hearing Defects
  - Age related hearing loss
Cancer Research
- Increased Tumor Incidence
  - Gonadal Tumors
  - Gonadal Tumors: testicular teratomas
Cardiovascular Research
- Diet-Induced Atherosclerosis
  - Relatively Resistant
Reproductive Biology Research
- Gonadal Tumors
  - testicular teratomas

Genotype: Ahr^d related

Metabolism Research
Research Tools
- Toxicology Research

Genotype: Cdh23^ahl related

Neurobiology Research
- Hearing Defects
  - Age related hearing loss
Sensorineural Research
- Hearing Defects
  - Age related hearing loss

Mammalian Phenotype Terms by Genotype

Phenotype Information

References

Festing MF; Simpson EM; Davisson MT; Mobraaten LE. 1999. Revised nomenclature for strain 129 mice. Mamm Genome 10(8):836PubMed: 10430671 MGI: J:56500
Fischer Lindahl K. 1997. On naming H2 haplotypes: functional significance of MHC class Ib alleles. Immunogenetics 46(1):53-62PubMed: 9148789 MGI: J:41130
Paigen B; Ishida BY; Verstuyft J; Winters RB; Albee D. 1990. Atherosclerosis susceptibility differences among progenitors of recombinant inbred strains of mice. Arteriosclerosis 10(2):316-23PubMed: 2317166 MGI: J:22615
Petkov PM; Cassell MA; Sargent EE; Donnelly CJ; Robinson P; Crew V; Asquith S; Haar RV; Wiles MV. 2004. Development of a SNP genotyping panel for genetic monitoring of the laboratory mouse. Genomics 83(5):902-11PubMed: 15081119 MGI: J:89298
Simpson EM; Linder CC; Sargent EE; Davisson MT; Mobraaten LE; Sharp JJ. 1997. Genetic variation among 129 substrains and its importance for targeted mutagenesis in mice. Nat Genet 16(1):19-27PubMed: 9140391 MGI: J:40222
Stevens LC. 1973. A new inbred subline of mice (129-terSv) with a high incidence of spontaneous congenital testicular teratomas. J Natl Cancer Inst 50(1):235-42PubMed: 4692863 MGI: J:29502
Threadgill DW; Yee D; Matin A; Nadeau JH; Magnuson T. 1997. Genealogy of the 129 inbred strains: 129/SvJ is a contaminated inbred strain. Mamm Genome 8(6):390-3PubMed: 9166580 MGI: J:40661

Additional References

Clapcote SJ; Roder JC. 2006. Deletion polymorphism of disc1 is common to all 129 mouse substrains: implications for gene-targeting studies of brain function. Genetics 173(4):2407-10PubMed: 16751659 MGI: J:111837
Poland A; Glover E. 1990. Characterization and strain distribution pattern of the murine Ah receptor specified by the Ahd and Ahb-3 alleles. Mol Pharmacol 38(3):306-12PubMed: 2169579 MGI: J:34840
Smith BK; Andrews PK; West DB. 2000. Macronutrient diet selection in thirteen mouse strains. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 278(4):R797-805PubMed: 10749765 MGI: J:61602

Additional - Ahr^d related

Additional - Cdh23^ahl related

Additional - Disc1^del related

Additional - Poli^d related

Additional - Rmcf^r related

Technical Support

CONTACT TECHNICAL SUPPORT

Genotyping Protocols
- Genotyping resources and troubleshooting
Inbred mouse strains are maintained through sibling (sister x brother) matings; no genotyping required.
Dietary Information
- LabDiet® 5K52 formulation (6% fat)
Breeding Considerations

This strain is a challenging breeder.
- Additional Breeding and Husbandry Support
Mating System
- Sibling x Sibling
Appearance
- pink-eyed, light-bellied, light chinchilla
  Related Genotype: A^w/A^w Oca2^p Tyr^c-ch/Oca2^p Tyr^c
  
  pink-eyed, light-bellied, chinchilla
  Related Genotype: A^w/A^w Oca2^p Tyr^c-ch/Oca2^p Tyr^c-ch
  
  albino
  Related Genotype: A^w/A^w Oca2^p Tyr^c/Oca2^p Tyr^c
Citation
When using the 129P3/J mouse strain in a publication, please include JAX stock #000690 in your Materials and Methods section.

Animal Health Reports

Facility Barrier Level Descriptions

MP13 (Maximum)

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The Jackson Laboratory has rigorous genetic quality control and mutant gene genotyping programs to ensure the genetic background of JAX® Mice strains as well as the genotypes of strains with identified molecular mutations. JAX® Mice strains are only made available to researchers after meeting our standards. However, the phenotype of each strain may not be fully characterized and/or captured in the strain data sheets. Therefore, we cannot guarantee a strain's phenotype will meet all expectations. To ensure that JAX® Mice will meet the needs of individual research projects or when requesting a strain that is new to your research, we suggest ordering and performing tests on a small number of mice to determine suitability for your particular project. We do not guarantee breeding performance and therefore suggest that investigators order more than one breeding pair to avoid delays in their research.

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Genetic overview

Research Applications

Base Price

Important Note

Detailed Description

Development

Selected References

Rmcfr

Allele Symbol: Rmcfr

Disc1del

Allele Symbol: Disc1del

Cdh23ahl

Allele Symbol: Cdh23ahl

Ahrd

Allele Symbol: Ahrd

Polid

Allele Symbol: Polid