Overview

Also Known As:small

Removal of this mouse colony is imminent. If live mice are needed for your studies, it is advised that they be ordered immediately. After removal, the mice will be available from cryorecovery.

SM/J mice carry a number of rare polymorphic alleles and are often matched to other strains for quantitative trait locus analysis. These mice are susceptible to diet-induced obesity and diet-induced atherosclerosis. SM/J mice exhibit a hyperresponsiveness to B cell mitogens. Small in size at birth and through weaning, SM/J mice attain a normal body weight as they age.

Genetic overview

Genetic Background	Generation
	F234 (2020-11-03 00:00:00)

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Research Applications

Developmental Biology Research
Cardiovascular Research
Diabetes and Obesity Research
Immunology, Inflammation and Autoimmunity Research
Hematological Research
Mouse/Human Gene Homologs

View All Research Applications

Base Price

Starting at:

$236.78 Domestic price for female 4-week

$2,854.50 Domestic price Cryo Recovery

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Details

Detailed Description

SM/J mice carry a number of rare polymorphic alleles and are often matched to LG/J (Stock No. 000675), A/J (Stock No. 000646) or NZB/BINJ (Stock No. 000684) for quantitative trait locus analysis. These mice are susceptible to diet-induced obesity and diet-induced atherosclerosis. SM/J mice exhibit a hyperresponsiveness to B cell mitogens (Clark et al. 1981, Engel et al. 1981). A point mutation in Neu1 is responsible for a partial deficiency of lysosomal neuraminadase and may explain the altered immune response (Rottier et al. 1998). Small in size at birth and through weaning, SM/J mice attain a normal body weight as they age.

Development

SM/J, created by MacArthur in 1939 from crosses involving 7 inbred strains - among them DBA - followed by inbreeding with selection for small body size, is segregating white-bellied agouti (A^w) vs. nonagouti (a) at the agouti locus.

Selected References

Anunciado RV; Nishimura M; Mori M; Ishikawa A; Tanaka S; Horio F; Ohno T; Namikawa T. 2001. Quantitative trait loci for body weight in the intercross between SM/J and A/J mice. Exp Anim 50(4):319-24PubMed: 11515095 MGI: J:71465
Ehrich TH; Kenney JP; Vaughn TT; Pletscher LS; Cheverud JM. 2003. Diet, obesity, and hyperglycemia in LG/J and SM/J mice. Obes Res 11(11):1400-10PubMed: 14627762 MGI: J:86873
Korstanje R; Albers JJ; Wolfbauer G; Li R; Tu AY; Churchill GA; Paigen BJ. 2004. Quantitative trait locus mapping of genes that regulate phospholipid transfer activity in SM/J and NZB/BlNJ inbred mice. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 24(1):155-60PubMed: 14592843 MGI: J:86340
Korstanje R; Li R; Howard T; Kelmenson P; Marshall J; Paigen B; Churchill G. 2004. Influence of sex and diet on quantitative trait loci for HDL cholesterol levels in an SM/J by NZB/BlNJ intercross population. J Lipid Res 45(5):881-8PubMed: 14993241 MGI: J:89309
Macarthur JW. 1944. Genetics of body size and related characters. Am Naturalist 78:142-57MGI: J:25351
Macarthur JW. 1949. Selection for Small and Large Body Size in the House Mouse. Genetics 34(2):194-209PubMed: 17247310 MGI: J:2452
Paigen B; Ishida BY; Verstuyft J; Winters RB; Albee D. 1990. Atherosclerosis susceptibility differences among progenitors of recombinant inbred strains of mice. Arteriosclerosis 10(2):316-23PubMed: 2317166 MGI: J:22615
Petkov PM; Cassell MA; Sargent EE; Donnelly CJ; Robinson P; Crew V; Asquith S; Haar RV; Wiles MV. 2004. Development of a SNP genotyping panel for genetic monitoring of the laboratory mouse. Genomics 83(5):902-11PubMed: 15081119 MGI: J:89298
Pitman WA; Korstanje R; Churchill GA; Nicodeme E; Albers JJ; Cheung MC; Staton MA; Sampson SS; Harris S; Paigen B. 2002. Quantitative trait locus mapping of genes that regulate HDL cholesterol in SM/J and NZB/B1NJ inbred mice. Physiol Genomics 9(2):93-102PubMed: 12006675 MGI: J:76707

View All References

Genetics

Hbb^s

Allele Symbol: Hbb^s

Allele Name	single
Allele Type	Not Applicable
Allele Synonym(s)
Gene Symbol and Name	Hbb, hemoglobin beta chain complex
Gene Synonym(s)
Strain of Origin	C57BL/6
Chromosome	7
Molecular Note	This natural variant identified by protein sequencing, produces a single beta globin with one reactive cysteine (betaCyst13). Two structurally identical beta globins migrate during electrophoresis in a dimer with alpha globin as a single band, therefore the s designation.

Neu1^a

Allele Symbol: Neu1^a

Allele Name	a variant
Allele Type	Not Applicable
Allele Synonym(s)	Neu-1^s
Gene Symbol and Name	Neu1, neuraminidase 1
Gene Synonym(s)
Strain of Origin	SM/J
Chromosome	17
General Note	Low activity determined by the Neu1^a allele occurs in the SM/J inbred strain and in wild mice in the area of Ann Arbor, Michigan; all other inbred strains have high activity determined by the Neu1^b allele. Heterozygotes have intermediate activity. Neuraminidase removes extra sialic acid residues from these enzymes. The defective neuraminidase of Neu1^a> mice, by failing to remove the extra sialic acid, changes their electrophoretic mobility (J:6480). Level of activity of neuraminidase in activated T lymphocytes is also depressed in Neu1^a/Neu1^a mice (J:7976).
Molecular Note	Sequencing of the a allele revealed 5 nucleotide differences compared to the b allele. These changes alter the amino acid residues 11, 15, 17, 19 and 209 of the encoded protein from Gly, Tyr, Ala, Arg and Leu to Arg, Cys, Val, Cys and Ile, respectively. This encoded protein has 85-95% less activity than the protein encoded by the b allele as demonstrated in an in vitro assay. Further studies attributed most of the activity loss to the variation at position 209. Later studies detected 4 silent mutations in the signal peptide sequence and 2 mutations (c.-240C>T and c.-519G>A) in the promoter region. The mutation c.-519G>A creates a novel binding site for Nkx3-1 and Nkx3-2. In vitro assays demonstrated that binding of Nkx3-2 specifically represses promoter driven expression.

Il3ra^m1

Allele Symbol: Il3ra^m1

Allele Name	mutation 1
Allele Type	Spontaneous
Allele Synonym(s)	Il3ra^A/J; Il3raⁿ
Gene Symbol and Name	Il3ra, interleukin 3 receptor, alpha chain
Gene Synonym(s)
Strain of Origin	multiple strains
Chromosome	14
General Note	This allele has been identified in A/J, A/WySnJ, A/HeJ, C58/J, RF/J, AKR/J, SM/J, BUB/BnJ, CE/J, and NZB/B1NJ. see J:24918.
Molecular Note	Sequence analysis revealed A/J mice lack the sequence corresponding to exon 8, which encodes 10 amino acid residues in the extracellular domain. Aberrant splicing was due to a 5 base pair deletion at the branch point in intron 7.

Gpr84^del

Allele Symbol: Gpr84^del

Allele Name	deletion
Allele Type	Spontaneous (Null/Knockout)
Allele Synonym(s)
Gene Symbol and Name	Gpr84, G protein-coupled receptor 84
Gene Synonym(s)
Strain of Origin	multiple strains
Chromosome	15
Molecular Note	This spontaneously arising frameshift deletion is located in exon 2 at position 103308576 bp (NCBI Build 37) and results in a premature stop codon. The mutation is predicted to result in a truncated protein lacking the transmembrane domains 4-7. The inbred strains BDP/J, DBA/1J, DBA/2J, I/LnJ, FVB/NJ, LG/J, MRL/MpJ, NODShi/LtJ, NOR/LtJ, P/J, PL/J, SKHIN/Sprd, SJL/J, SM/J are homozygous for the deletion. The allele is segregating in the outbred stocks ICR and CD-1.

Ogg1^m1

Allele Symbol: Ogg1^m1

Allele Name	mutation 1
Allele Type	Spontaneous (Not Applicable)
Allele Synonym(s)	OGG1-R336H
Gene Symbol and Name	Ogg1, 8-oxoguanine DNA-glycosylase 1
Gene Synonym(s)
Strain of Origin	various
Chromosome	6
Molecular Note	A G-to-A change at the fifty-ninth nucleotide in exon 7 resulted in a substitution of arginine with histidine at position 336 (p.R336H) in a putative nuclear localization signal. The mutation led to disruption of the nuclear localization of the enzyme, although the activity remained normal.

Disease/Phenotype

Disease Terms

Model with phenotypic similarity to human disease where etiologies involve orthologs. Human genes are associated with this disease. Orthologs of those genes appear in the mouse genotype(s).

glycoproteinosis

Research Areas By Phenotype

This mouse can be used to support research in many areas including:

Developmental Biology Research
- Growth Defects
Cardiovascular Research
- Diet-Induced Atherosclerosis
  - Susceptible
Diabetes and Obesity Research
- Obesity Without Diabetes
  - diet-induced
Immunology, Inflammation and Autoimmunity Research
- Immunodeficiency
  - defects in humoral immune responses

Genotype: Hbb^s related

Hematological Research
- Hemoglobin Defects
Mouse/Human Gene Homologs
- thalassemia, beta

Genotype: Il3ra^m1 related

Immunology, Inflammation and Autoimmunity Research
- CD Antigens, Antigen Receptors, and Histocompatibility Markers
  - genes regulating susceptibility to infectious disease and endotoxin

Mammalian Phenotype Terms by Genotype

The following phenotype relates to a compound genotype created using this strain

Genotype: Neu1^a/Neu1^a
SM/J

cardiovascular system phenotype

abnormal Kupffer cell morphology
- cells contain large membrane bound bodies containing lipid droplets and membrane like structures that are not present in C57BL/6 controls

growth/size/body region phenotype

decreased body weight
- compared to C57BL/6 controls

hematopoietic system phenotype

abnormal Kupffer cell morphology
- cells contain large membrane bound bodies containing lipid droplets and membrane like structures that are not present in C57BL/6 controls

homeostasis/metabolism phenotype

abnormal enzyme/coenzyme activity
- tissue specific decrease in sialidase activity
- deficient enzymatic activity of neuraminidase was reported

immune system phenotype

abnormal Kupffer cell morphology
- cells contain large membrane bound bodies containing lipid droplets and membrane like structures that are not present in C57BL/6 controls

liver/biliary system phenotype

abnormal Kupffer cell morphology
- cells contain large membrane bound bodies containing lipid droplets and membrane like structures that are not present in C57BL/6 controls

renal/urinary system phenotype

abnormal proximal convoluted tubule morphology
- cells with high levels of membranous accumulations degenerate releasing cellular debris into the intercellular space and the lumen of the tubules
- some epithelial cells accumulate large membrane-bound structures containing membranous whorls

Genotype: Il3ra^m1/Il3ra^m1
SM/J

hematopoietic system phenotype

abnormal common myeloid progenitor cell morphology
- CFU-GM assays using bone marrow derived cells yield very few colonies in repsonse to interleukin 3

Phenotype Information

Festing Inbred Strain Characteristics: SM

References

Anunciado RV; Nishimura M; Mori M; Ishikawa A; Tanaka S; Horio F; Ohno T; Namikawa T. 2001. Quantitative trait loci for body weight in the intercross between SM/J and A/J mice. Exp Anim 50(4):319-24PubMed: 11515095 MGI: J:71465
Ehrich TH; Kenney JP; Vaughn TT; Pletscher LS; Cheverud JM. 2003. Diet, obesity, and hyperglycemia in LG/J and SM/J mice. Obes Res 11(11):1400-10PubMed: 14627762 MGI: J:86873
Korstanje R; Albers JJ; Wolfbauer G; Li R; Tu AY; Churchill GA; Paigen BJ. 2004. Quantitative trait locus mapping of genes that regulate phospholipid transfer activity in SM/J and NZB/BlNJ inbred mice. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 24(1):155-60PubMed: 14592843 MGI: J:86340
Korstanje R; Li R; Howard T; Kelmenson P; Marshall J; Paigen B; Churchill G. 2004. Influence of sex and diet on quantitative trait loci for HDL cholesterol levels in an SM/J by NZB/BlNJ intercross population. J Lipid Res 45(5):881-8PubMed: 14993241 MGI: J:89309
Macarthur JW. 1944. Genetics of body size and related characters. Am Naturalist 78:142-57MGI: J:25351
Macarthur JW. 1949. Selection for Small and Large Body Size in the House Mouse. Genetics 34(2):194-209PubMed: 17247310 MGI: J:2452
Paigen B; Ishida BY; Verstuyft J; Winters RB; Albee D. 1990. Atherosclerosis susceptibility differences among progenitors of recombinant inbred strains of mice. Arteriosclerosis 10(2):316-23PubMed: 2317166 MGI: J:22615
Petkov PM; Cassell MA; Sargent EE; Donnelly CJ; Robinson P; Crew V; Asquith S; Haar RV; Wiles MV. 2004. Development of a SNP genotyping panel for genetic monitoring of the laboratory mouse. Genomics 83(5):902-11PubMed: 15081119 MGI: J:89298
Pitman WA; Korstanje R; Churchill GA; Nicodeme E; Albers JJ; Cheung MC; Staton MA; Sampson SS; Harris S; Paigen B. 2002. Quantitative trait locus mapping of genes that regulate HDL cholesterol in SM/J and NZB/B1NJ inbred mice. Physiol Genomics 9(2):93-102PubMed: 12006675 MGI: J:76707

Additional References

Anunciado RV; Nishimura M; Mori M; Ishikawa A; Tanaka S; Horio F; Ohno T; Namikawa T. 2003. Quantitative trait locus analysis of serum insulin, triglyceride, total cholesterol and phospholipid levels in the (SM/J x A/J)F2 mice. Exp Anim 52(1):37-42PubMed: 12638235 MGI: J:82274
Frankel WN; Lee BK; Stoye JP; Coffin JM; Eicher EM. 1992. Characterization of the endogenous nonecotropic murine leukemia viruses of NZB/B1NJ and SM/J inbred strains. Mamm Genome 2(2):110-22PubMed: 1311971 MGI: J:1883
Hara T; Ichihara M; Takagi M; Miyajima A. 1995. Interleukin-3 (IL-3) poor-responsive inbred mouse strains carry the identical deletion of a branch point in the IL-3 receptor alpha subunit gene. Blood 85(9):2331-6PubMed: 7727767 MGI: J:24918
Klingenberg CP; Leamy LJ; Cheverud JM. 2004. Integration and modularity of quantitative trait locus effects on geometric shape in the mouse mandible. Genetics 166(4):1909-21PubMed: 15126408 MGI: J:89613
Rottier RJ; Bonten E; d'Azzo A. 1998. A point mutation in the neu-1 locus causes the neuraminidase defect in the SM/J mouse. Hum Mol Genet 7(2):313-21PubMed: 9425240 MGI: J:77236
Routman EJ; Cheverud JM. 1995. Polymorphism for PCR-analyzed microsatellites between the inbred mouse strains LG and SM. Mamm Genome 6(6):401-4PubMed: 7647461 MGI: J:26136
Taylor BA. 1972. Genetic relationships between inbred strains of mice. J Hered 63(2):83-6PubMed: 5031317 MGI: J:24288

Additional - Gpr84^del related

Additional - Hbb^s related

Additional - Il3ra^m1 related

Additional - Neu1^a related

Additional - Ogg1^m1 related

Technical Support

CONTACT TECHNICAL SUPPORT

Genotyping Protocols
- Genotyping resources and troubleshooting
Inbred mouse strains are maintained through sibling (sister x brother) matings; no genotyping required.
Dietary Information
- LabDiet® 5K52 formulation (6% fat)
Breeding Considerations

This strain is a challenging breeder.
- Additional Breeding and Husbandry Support
Mating System
- Sibling x Sibling
Appearance
- white-bellied agouti
  Related Genotype: A^w/a
  
  black
  Related Genotype: a/a
Citation
When using the SM/J mouse strain in a publication, please include JAX stock #000687 in your Materials and Methods section.

Animal Health Reports

Facility Barrier Level Descriptions

AX11 (Maximum)

Pricing & Availability

Available

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International

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Price

weeks

Cryorecovery - Pricing

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Terms are granted by individual review and stated on the customer invoice(s) and account statement. These transactions are payable in U.S. currency within the granted terms. Payment for services, products, shipping containers, and shipping costs that are rendered are expected within the payment terms indicated on the invoice or stated by contract. Invoices and account balances in arrears of stated terms may result in The Jackson Laboratory pursuing collection activities including but not limited to outside agencies and court filings.

The Jackson Laboratory's Genotype Promise

The Jackson Laboratory has rigorous genetic quality control and mutant gene genotyping programs to ensure the genetic background of JAX® Mice strains as well as the genotypes of strains with identified molecular mutations. JAX® Mice strains are only made available to researchers after meeting our standards. However, the phenotype of each strain may not be fully characterized and/or captured in the strain data sheets. Therefore, we cannot guarantee a strain's phenotype will meet all expectations. To ensure that JAX® Mice will meet the needs of individual research projects or when requesting a strain that is new to your research, we suggest ordering and performing tests on a small number of mice to determine suitability for your particular project. We do not guarantee breeding performance and therefore suggest that investigators order more than one breeding pair to avoid delays in their research.

Terms Of Use

General Terms and Conditions

Questions about Terms of Use

Licensing Information

Phone: 207-288-6470

Email: TechTran@jax.org

Also Known As:small

Genetic overview

Research Applications

Base Price

Detailed Description

Development

Selected References

Hbbs

Allele Symbol: Hbbs

Neu1a

Allele Symbol: Neu1a

Il3ram1

Allele Symbol: Il3ram1

Gpr84del

Allele Symbol: Gpr84del

Ogg1m1

Allele Symbol: Ogg1m1

Disease Terms

Model with phenotypic similarity to human disease where etiologies involve orthologs. Human genes are associated with this disease. Orthologs of those genes appear in the mouse genotype(s).

Research Areas By Phenotype

This mouse can be used to support research in many areas including:

Genotype: Hbbs related

Genotype: Il3ram1 related

Mammalian Phenotype Terms by Genotype

Genotype: Neu1a/Neu1aSM/J

cardiovascular system phenotype

growth/size/body region phenotype

hematopoietic system phenotype

homeostasis/metabolism phenotype

immune system phenotype

liver/biliary system phenotype

renal/urinary system phenotype

Genotype: Il3ram1/Il3ram1SM/J

hematopoietic system phenotype

Phenotype Information

References

Additional References

Additional - Gpr84del related

Additional - Hbbs related

Additional - Il3ram1 related

Additional - Neu1a related

Additional - Ogg1m1 related

Genotyping Protocols

Dietary Information

Breeding Considerations

Mating System

Appearance

Citation

Animal Health Reports

Live Mouse

Cryorecovery - Pricing

Payment Terms and Conditions

The Jackson Laboratory's Genotype Promise

Terms Of Use

Licensing Information

Hbb^s

Allele Symbol: Hbb^s

Neu1^a

Allele Symbol: Neu1^a

Il3ra^m1

Allele Symbol: Il3ra^m1

Gpr84^del

Allele Symbol: Gpr84^del

Ogg1^m1

Allele Symbol: Ogg1^m1

Genotype: Hbb^s related

Genotype: Il3ra^m1 related

Genotype: Neu1^a/Neu1^a
SM/J

Genotype: Il3ra^m1/Il3ra^m1
SM/J

Additional - Gpr84^del related

Additional - Hbb^s related

Additional - Il3ra^m1 related

Additional - Neu1^a related

Additional - Ogg1^m1 related