Overview

Also Known As: small

SM/J mice carry a number of rare polymorphic alleles and are often matched to other strains for quantitative trait locus analysis. These mice are susceptible to diet-induced obesity and diet-induced atherosclerosis. SM/J mice exhibit a hyperresponsiveness to B cell mitogens. Small in size at birth and through weaning, SM/J mice attain a normal body weight as they age.

Genetic overview

Genetic Background	Generation
	F226 (2018-04-02 00:00:00)

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Research Applications

Developmental Biology Research
Cardiovascular Research
Diabetes and Obesity Research
Immunology, Inflammation and Autoimmunity Research

View All Research Applications

Base Price

Starting at:

$231.00 Domestic price for female

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Details

Detailed Description

SM/J mice carry a number of rare polymorphic alleles and are often matched to LG/J (Stock No. 000675), A/J (Stock No. 000646) or NZB/BINJ (Stock No. 000684) for quantitative trait locus analysis. These mice are susceptible to diet-induced obesity and diet-induced atherosclerosis. SM/J mice exhibit a hyperresponsiveness to B cell mitogens (Clark et al. 1981, Engel et al. 1981). A point mutation in Neu1 is responsible for a partial deficiency of lysosomal neuraminadase and may explain the altered immune response (Rottier et al. 1998). Small in size at birth and through weaning, SM/J mice attain a normal body weight as they age.

Development

SM/J, created by MacArthur in 1939 from crosses involving 7 inbred strains - among them DBA - followed by inbreeding with selection for small body size, is segregating white-bellied agouti (A^w) vs. nonagouti (a) at the agouti locus.

Selected References

Paigen B; Ishida BY; Verstuyft J; Winters RB; Albee D. 1990. Atherosclerosis susceptibility differences among progenitors of recombinant inbred strains of mice. Arteriosclerosis 10(2):316-23PubMed: 2317166 MGI: J:22615
Macarthur JW. 1949. Selection for Small and Large Body Size in the House Mouse. Genetics 34(2):194-209PubMed: 17247310 MGI: J:2452
Macarthur JW. 1944. Genetics of body size and related characters Am Naturalist 78:142-57MGI: J:25351
Anunciado RV; Nishimura M; Mori M; Ishikawa A; Tanaka S; Horio F; Ohno T; Namikawa T. 2001. Quantitative trait loci for body weight in the intercross between SM/J and A/J mice. Exp Anim 50(4):319-24PubMed: 11515095 MGI: J:71465
Pitman WA; Korstanje R; Churchill GA; Nicodeme E; Albers JJ; Cheung MC; Staton MA; Sampson SS; Harris S; Paigen B. 2002. Quantitative trait locus mapping of genes that regulate HDL cholesterol in SM/J and NZB/B1NJ inbred mice. Physiol Genomics 9(2):93-102PubMed: 12006675 MGI: J:76707
Korstanje R; Albers JJ; Wolfbauer G; Li R; Tu AY; Churchill GA; Paigen BJ. 2004. Quantitative trait locus mapping of genes that regulate phospholipid transfer activity in SM/J and NZB/BlNJ inbred mice. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 24(1):155-60PubMed: 14592843 MGI: J:86340
Ehrich TH; Kenney JP; Vaughn TT; Pletscher LS; Cheverud JM. 2003. Diet, obesity, and hyperglycemia in LG/J and SM/J mice. Obes Res 11(11):1400-10PubMed: 14627762 MGI: J:86873
Petkov PM; Cassell MA; Sargent EE; Donnelly CJ; Robinson P; Crew V; Asquith S; Haar RV; Wiles MV. 2004. Development of a SNP genotyping panel for genetic monitoring of the laboratory mouse. Genomics 83(5):902-11PubMed: 15081119 MGI: J:89298
Korstanje R; Li R; Howard T; Kelmenson P; Marshall J; Paigen B; Churchill G. 2004. Influence of sex and diet on quantitative trait loci for HDL cholesterol levels in an SM/J by NZB/BlNJ intercross population. J Lipid Res 45(5):881-8PubMed: 14993241 MGI: J:89309

View All References

Genetics

Il3ra^m1

Allele Symbol: Il3ra^m1

Allele Name	mutation 1
Allele Type	Spontaneous
Allele Synonym(s)	Il3ra^m1; mutation 1
Gene Symbol and Name	Il3ra, interleukin 3 receptor, alpha chain
Gene Synonym(s)	Cyrl; SUT-1; hIL-3Ra; IL-3 receptor alpha chain; IL3R; IL3RAY; IL3RX; IL3RY; CD123
Strain of Origin	multiple strains
Chromosome	14
General Note	This allele has been identified in A/J, A/WySnJ, A/HeJ, C58/J, RF/J, AKR/J, SM/J, BUB/BnJ, CE/J, and NZB/B1NJ. see J:24918.
Molecular Note	Sequence analysis revealed A/J mice lack the sequence corresponding to exon 8, which encodes 10 amino acid residues in the extracellular domain. Aberrant splicing was due to a 5 base pair deletion at the branch point in intron 7.

Neu1^a

Allele Symbol: Neu1^a

Allele Name	a variant
Allele Type	Not Applicable
Allele Synonym(s)	a variant; Neu1^a
Gene Symbol and Name	Neu1, neuraminidase 1
Gene Synonym(s)	acid phosphatase, liver; expressed sequence AA407316; alpha glucosidase processing; Neu-1; SIAL1; sialidase 1; expressed sequence AA407268; G9; Bat-7; Bat7; Apl; NANH; NEU; Aglp; Bat-7; Bat7; lysosomal sialidase; Map-2; Map-2; Neu-1; HLA-B-associated transcript 7; mannosidase processing 2; Aglp; Apl; AA407268; AA407316
Strain of Origin	SM/J
Chromosome	17
General Note	Low activity determined by the Neu1^a allele occurs in the SM/J inbred strain and in wild mice in the area of Ann Arbor, Michigan; all other inbred strains have high activity determined by the Neu1^b allele. Heterozygotes have intermediate activity. Neuraminidase removes extra sialic acid residues from these enzymes. The defective neuraminidase of Neu1^a> mice, by failing to remove the extra sialic acid, changes their electrophoretic mobility (J:6480). Level of activity of neuraminidase in activated T lymphocytes is also depressed in Neu1^a/Neu1^a mice (J:7976).
Molecular Note	Sequencing of the a allele revealed 5 nucleotide differences compared to the b allele. These changes alter the amino acid residues 11, 15, 17, 19 and 209 of the encoded protein from Gly, Tyr, Ala, Arg and Leu to Arg, Cys, Val, Cys and Ile, respectively. This encoded protein has 85-95% less activity than the protein encoded by the b allele as demonstrated in an in vitro assay. Further studies attributed most of the activity loss to the variation at position 209. Later studies detected 4 silent mutations in the signal peptide sequence and 2 mutations (c.-240C>T and c.-519G>A) in the promoter region. The mutation c.-519G>A creates a novel binding site for Nkx3-1 and Nkx3-2. In vitro assays demonstrated that binding of Nkx3-2 specifically represses promoter driven expression.

Gpr84^del

Allele Symbol: Gpr84^del

Allele Name	deletion
Allele Type	Spontaneous (Not Specified)
Allele Synonym(s)	deletion; Gpr84^del
Gene Symbol and Name	Gpr84, G protein-coupled receptor 84
Gene Synonym(s)	GPCR4; EX33
Strain of Origin	multiple strains
Chromosome	15
Molecular Note	This spontaneously arising frameshift deletion is located in exon 2 at position 103308576 bp (NCBI Build 37) and results in a premature stop codon. The mutation is predicted to result in a truncated protein lacking the transmembrane domains 4-7. The inbred strains BDP/J, DBA/1J, DBA/2J, I/LnJ, FVB/NJ, LG/J, MRL/MpJ, NODShi/LtJ, NOR/LtJ, P/J, PL/J, SKHIN/Sprd, SJL/J, SM/J are homozygous for the deletion. The allele is segregating in the outbred stocks ICR and CD-1.

Ogg1^m1

Allele Symbol: Ogg1^m1

Allele Name	mutation 1
Allele Type	Spontaneous (Not Applicable)
Allele Synonym(s)	Ogg1^m1; mutation 1
Gene Symbol and Name	Ogg1, 8-oxoguanine DNA-glycosylase 1
Gene Synonym(s)	MUTM; Mmh; HMMH; HOGG1; OGH1
Strain of Origin	various
Chromosome	6
Molecular Note	A guanine to adenine change at the fifty-ninth nucleotide in exon 7 resulted in a substitution of the 336th amino acid, arginine, by histidine (R336H) in a putative nuclear localization signal. The mutation led to disruption of the nuclear localization of the enzyme, although the activity remained normal.

Disease/Phenotype

Disease Terms

Model with phenotypic similarity to human disease where etiologies involve orthologs. Human genes are associated with this disease. Orthologs of those genes appear in the mouse genotype(s).

glycoproteinosis

Research Areas By Genotype

This mouse can be used to support research in many areas including:

Developmental Biology Research
- Growth Defects
Cardiovascular Research
- Diet-Induced Atherosclerosis
  - Susceptible
Diabetes and Obesity Research
- Obesity Without Diabetes
  - diet-induced
Immunology, Inflammation and Autoimmunity Research
- Immunodeficiency
  - defects in humoral immune responses

Genotype: Il3ra^m1 related

Immunology, Inflammation and Autoimmunity Research
- CD Antigens, Antigen Receptors, and Histocompatibility Markers
  - genes regulating susceptibility to infectious disease and endotoxin

Mammalian Phenotype Terms by Genotype

The following phenotype relates to a compound genotype created using this strain

Genotype: Neu1^a/Neu1^a
SM/J

cardiovascular system phenotype

abnormal Kupffer cell morphology
- cells contain large membrane bound bodies containing lipid droplets and membrane like structures that are not present in C57BL/6 controls

growth/size/body region phenotype

decreased body weight
- compared to C57BL/6 controls

hematopoietic system phenotype

abnormal Kupffer cell morphology
- cells contain large membrane bound bodies containing lipid droplets and membrane like structures that are not present in C57BL/6 controls

homeostasis/metabolism phenotype

abnormal enzyme/coenzyme activity
- deficient enzymatic activity of neuraminidase was reported
- tissue specific decrease in sialidase activity

immune system phenotype

abnormal Kupffer cell morphology
- cells contain large membrane bound bodies containing lipid droplets and membrane like structures that are not present in C57BL/6 controls

liver/biliary system phenotype

abnormal Kupffer cell morphology
- cells contain large membrane bound bodies containing lipid droplets and membrane like structures that are not present in C57BL/6 controls

renal/urinary system phenotype

abnormal proximal convoluted tubule morphology
- cells with high levels of membranous accumulations degenerate releasing cellular debris into the intercellular space and the lumen of the tubules
- some epithelial cells accumulate large membrane-bound structures containing membranous whorls

Genotype: Il3ra^m1/Il3ra^m1
SM/J

hematopoietic system phenotype

abnormal common myeloid progenitor cell morphology
- CFU-GM assays using bone marrow derived cells yield very few colonies in repsonse to interleukin 3

Phenotype Information

Festing Inbred Strain Characteristics: SM

References

Paigen B; Ishida BY; Verstuyft J; Winters RB; Albee D. 1990. Atherosclerosis susceptibility differences among progenitors of recombinant inbred strains of mice. Arteriosclerosis 10(2):316-23PubMed: 2317166 MGI: J:22615
Macarthur JW. 1949. Selection for Small and Large Body Size in the House Mouse. Genetics 34(2):194-209PubMed: 17247310 MGI: J:2452
Macarthur JW. 1944. Genetics of body size and related characters Am Naturalist 78:142-57MGI: J:25351
Anunciado RV; Nishimura M; Mori M; Ishikawa A; Tanaka S; Horio F; Ohno T; Namikawa T. 2001. Quantitative trait loci for body weight in the intercross between SM/J and A/J mice. Exp Anim 50(4):319-24PubMed: 11515095 MGI: J:71465
Pitman WA; Korstanje R; Churchill GA; Nicodeme E; Albers JJ; Cheung MC; Staton MA; Sampson SS; Harris S; Paigen B. 2002. Quantitative trait locus mapping of genes that regulate HDL cholesterol in SM/J and NZB/B1NJ inbred mice. Physiol Genomics 9(2):93-102PubMed: 12006675 MGI: J:76707
Korstanje R; Albers JJ; Wolfbauer G; Li R; Tu AY; Churchill GA; Paigen BJ. 2004. Quantitative trait locus mapping of genes that regulate phospholipid transfer activity in SM/J and NZB/BlNJ inbred mice. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 24(1):155-60PubMed: 14592843 MGI: J:86340
Ehrich TH; Kenney JP; Vaughn TT; Pletscher LS; Cheverud JM. 2003. Diet, obesity, and hyperglycemia in LG/J and SM/J mice. Obes Res 11(11):1400-10PubMed: 14627762 MGI: J:86873
Petkov PM; Cassell MA; Sargent EE; Donnelly CJ; Robinson P; Crew V; Asquith S; Haar RV; Wiles MV. 2004. Development of a SNP genotyping panel for genetic monitoring of the laboratory mouse. Genomics 83(5):902-11PubMed: 15081119 MGI: J:89298
Korstanje R; Li R; Howard T; Kelmenson P; Marshall J; Paigen B; Churchill G. 2004. Influence of sex and diet on quantitative trait loci for HDL cholesterol levels in an SM/J by NZB/BlNJ intercross population. J Lipid Res 45(5):881-8PubMed: 14993241 MGI: J:89309

Additional References

Frankel WN; Lee BK; Stoye JP; Coffin JM; Eicher EM. 1992. Characterization of the endogenous nonecotropic murine leukemia viruses of NZB/B1NJ and SM/J inbred strains. Mamm Genome 2(2):110-22PubMed: 1311971 MGI: J:1883
Hui ST; Parks BW; Org E; Norheim F; Che N; Pan C; Castellani LW; Charugundla S; Dirks DL; Psychogios N; Neuhaus I; Gerszten RE; Kirchgessner T; Gargalovic PS; Lusis AJ. 2015. The genetic architecture of NAFLD among inbred strains of mice. Elife 4:e05607PubMed: 26067236 MGI: J:223755
Hara T; Ichihara M; Takagi M; Miyajima A. 1995. Interleukin-3 (IL-3) poor-responsive inbred mouse strains carry the identical deletion of a branch point in the IL-3 receptor alpha subunit gene. Blood 85(9):2331-6PubMed: 7727767 MGI: J:24918
Routman EJ; Cheverud JM. 1995. Polymorphism for PCR-analyzed microsatellites between the inbred mouse strains LG and SM. Mamm Genome 6(6):401-4PubMed: 7647461 MGI: J:26136
Rottier RJ; Bonten E; d'Azzo A. 1998. A point mutation in the neu-1 locus causes the neuraminidase defect in the SM/J mouse. Hum Mol Genet 7(2):313-21PubMed: 9425240 MGI: J:77236
Anunciado RV; Nishimura M; Mori M; Ishikawa A; Tanaka S; Horio F; Ohno T; Namikawa T. 2003. Quantitative trait locus analysis of serum insulin, triglyceride, total cholesterol and phospholipid levels in the (SM/J x A/J)F2 mice. Exp Anim 52(1):37-42PubMed: 12638235 MGI: J:82274
Klingenberg CP; Leamy LJ; Cheverud JM. 2004. Integration and modularity of quantitative trait locus effects on geometric shape in the mouse mandible. Genetics 166(4):1909-21PubMed: 15126408 MGI: J:89613

Additional - Gpr84^del related

Additional - Il3ra^m1 related

Additional - Neu1^a related

Additional - Ogg1^m1 related

Technical Support

Contact Technical Support

Genotyping Protocols
- Genotyping resources and troubleshooting
Inbred mouse strains are maintained through sibling (sister x brother) matings; no genotyping required.
Dietary Information
- LabDiet® 5K52 formulation (6% fat)
Breeding Considerations

This strain is a challenging breeder.
- Additional Breeding and Husbandry Support
Mating System
- Sibling x Sibling
Appearance
- white-bellied agouti
  Related Genotype: A^w/a
  
  black
  Related Genotype: a/a
Citation
When using the SM/J mouse strain in a publication, please include JAX stock #000687 in your Materials and Methods section.

Animal Health Reports

Facility Barrier Level Descriptions

AX11 (Maximum)

Pricing & Availability

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Genotype

Price

weeks

Cryorecovery - Pricing

Service	Genotype	Price
	Inbred

We will fulfill your order by providing at least two carriers for each strain ordered. The total number, sex, and genotypes provided will vary, although typically 8 or more animals are provided. Please check genotypes which will be recovered. While the genotypes of all animals produced will be communicated to you prior to scheduling shipment, the genotypes of animals provided may not reflect the mating scheme and genotypes described in the strain description. Animals are typically ready to ship in 11-14 weeks. If a second recovery is required to produce the minimum number of animals, then delivery time would increase to approximately 25 weeks. If we fail to produce animals of the correct genotype, you will not be charged. We cannot guarantee the reproductive success of mice shipped to your facility. If the mice are lost after the first three days (post-arrival) or do not produce progeny at your facility, a new order and fee will be necessary.

Cryorecovery to establish a Dedicated Supply for greater quantities of mice. Mice recovered can be used to establish a dedicated colony to contractually supply you mice according to your requirements. Price by quotation.

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The Jackson Laboratory has rigorous genetic quality control and mutant gene genotyping programs to ensure the genetic background of JAX® Mice strains as well as the genotypes of strains with identified molecular mutations. JAX® Mice strains are only made available to researchers after meeting our standards. However, the phenotype of each strain may not be fully characterized and/or captured in the strain data sheets. Therefore, we cannot guarantee a strain's phenotype will meet all expectations. To ensure that JAX® Mice will meet the needs of individual research projects or when requesting a strain that is new to your research, we suggest ordering and performing tests on a small number of mice to determine suitability for your particular project.

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Also Known As: small

Genetic overview

Research Applications

Base Price

Detailed Description

Development

Selected References

Il3ram1

Allele Symbol: Il3ram1

Neu1a

Allele Symbol: Neu1a

Gpr84del

Allele Symbol: Gpr84del

Ogg1m1

Allele Symbol: Ogg1m1

Disease Terms

Model with phenotypic similarity to human disease where etiologies involve orthologs. Human genes are associated with this disease. Orthologs of those genes appear in the mouse genotype(s).

Research Areas By Genotype

This mouse can be used to support research in many areas including:

Genotype: Il3ram1 related

Mammalian Phenotype Terms by Genotype

Genotype: Neu1a/Neu1aSM/J

cardiovascular system phenotype

growth/size/body region phenotype

hematopoietic system phenotype

homeostasis/metabolism phenotype

immune system phenotype

liver/biliary system phenotype

renal/urinary system phenotype

Genotype: Il3ram1/Il3ram1SM/J

hematopoietic system phenotype

Phenotype Information

References

Additional References

Additional - Gpr84del related

Additional - Il3ram1 related

Additional - Neu1a related

Additional - Ogg1m1 related

Genotyping Protocols

Dietary Information

Breeding Considerations

Mating System

Appearance

Citation

Animal Health Reports

Live Mouse

Cryorecovery - Pricing

Payment Terms and Conditions

The Jackson Laboratory's Genotype Promise

Terms of Use

Licensing Information

JAX® Mice, Products & Services Conditions of Use

No Warranty

Credit for PRODUCTS or SERVICES

Animal Care and Use for SERVICES

No Liability

Il3ra^m1

Allele Symbol: Il3ra^m1

Neu1^a

Allele Symbol: Neu1^a

Gpr84^del

Allele Symbol: Gpr84^del

Ogg1^m1

Allele Symbol: Ogg1^m1

Genotype: Il3ra^m1 related

Genotype: Neu1^a/Neu1^a
SM/J

Genotype: Il3ra^m1/Il3ra^m1
SM/J

Additional - Gpr84^del related

Additional - Il3ra^m1 related

Additional - Neu1^a related

Additional - Ogg1^m1 related