Overview

P/J mice exhibit a high incidence of lymphatic leukaemia. They also show a high susceptibility to audiogenic and electroconvulsive seizures. P/J mice are also homozygous for a number of other mutations including nonagouti (a), brown (Tyrp1^b), pink-eyed dilution (Oca2^p), short ear (Bmp5^se), dilute Myo5a^d), and retinal degeneration 1 (Pdeb1^rd1

Genetic overview

Genetic Background	Generation

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Research Applications

Dermatology Research
Developmental Biology Research
Cancer Research
Mouse/Human Gene Homologs
Sensorineural Research
Neurobiology Research

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Base Price

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$2,854.50 Domestic price Cryo Recovery

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Details

Important Note

This strain is homozygous for Cdh23^ahl, the age related hearing loss 1 mutation, which on this background results in progressive hearing loss with onset after 10 months of age. This strain is also homozygous for the retinal degeneration allele Pde6b^rd1. See article "Genetic Background Effects: Can Your Mice See?", JAX^® NOTES Spring 2002, No. 485.

Detailed Description

P/J mice exhibit a high incidence of lymphatic leukaemia. They also show a high susceptibility to audiogenic and electroconvulsive seizures. P/J mice are also homozygous for a number of other mutations including nonagouti (a), brown (Tyrp1^b), pink-eyed dilution (Oca2^p), short ear (Bmp5^se), dilute Myo5a^d), and retinal degeneration 1 (Pdeb1^rd1).

Development

The P/J inbred strain was created by G.D. Snell by extracting the genes a, Tyrp1^b (originally b), Myo5a^d (originally d), Bmp5^se (originally se), Oca2^p (originally p), Pde6b (originally rd) from strain BDP, developed by W. H. Gates, following an outcross.

Selected References

Petkov PM; Cassell MA; Sargent EE; Donnelly CJ; Robinson P; Crew V; Asquith S; Haar RV; Wiles MV. 2004. Development of a SNP genotyping panel for genetic monitoring of the laboratory mouse. Genomics 83(5):902-11PubMed: 15081119 MGI: J:89298

View All References

Genetics

Gpr84^del

Allele Symbol: Gpr84^del

Allele Name	deletion
Allele Type	Spontaneous (Not Specified)
Allele Synonym(s)
Gene Symbol and Name	Gpr84, G protein-coupled receptor 84
Gene Synonym(s)
Strain of Origin	multiple strains
Chromosome	15
Molecular Note	This spontaneously arising frameshift deletion is located in exon 2 at position 103308576 bp (NCBI Build 37) and results in a premature stop codon. The mutation is predicted to result in a truncated protein lacking the transmembrane domains 4-7. The inbred strains BDP/J, DBA/1J, DBA/2J, I/LnJ, FVB/NJ, LG/J, MRL/MpJ, NODShi/LtJ, NOR/LtJ, P/J, PL/J, SKHIN/Sprd, SJL/J, SM/J are homozygous for the deletion. The allele is segregating in the outbred stocks ICR and CD-1.

H2^p

Allele Symbol: H2^p

Allele Name	p variant
Allele Type	Not Applicable
Allele Synonym(s)
Gene Symbol and Name	H2, histocompatibility-2, MHC
Gene Synonym(s)
Strain of Origin	various
Chromosome	17
Molecular Note	The p haplotype of the H2 complex is known to be present in the inbred strains F/St, NB, and P/J.

Cdh23^ahl

Allele Symbol: Cdh23^ahl

Allele Name	age related hearing loss 1
Allele Type	Spontaneous
Allele Synonym(s)	Cdh23^753A; mdfw
Gene Symbol and Name	Cdh23, cadherin 23 (otocadherin)
Gene Synonym(s)
Strain of Origin	multiple strains
Chromosome	10
Molecular Note	Genetic complementation tests have shown allelism between the mdfw (modifier of deaf waddler) locus and the ahl locus. Further analysis has shown this is caused by a G to A transition at coding nucleotide position 753 of Cdh23 (SNP rs257098870). This hypomorphic allele changes splice donor site G-GT to A-GT, causing frame skipping of exon 7. This is predicted to delete part of the 2nd and 3rd ectodomains and cause reduced message stability. Twenty-seven strains classified with ahl and carrying the 753A allele include: CD-1, RBF/DnJ, PL/J, AKR/J, RF/J, BALB/cBy, A/WySnJ, P/J, SENCARA/PtJ, DBA/1J, ALS/LtJ, C58/J, C57BLKS/J, 129P1/ReJ, C57BR/cd, SKH2/J, BUB/Bn, MA/MyJ, LP/J, 129X1/SvJ, NOR/LtJ, A/J, C57BL/6, NOD/LtJ, DBA/2J, ALR/LtJ, C57L/J. Strains classified with ahl that DO NOT carry this mutation include: 129S1/SvImJ, C3H/HeSnJ, I/LnJ, YBR/Ei, MRL/MpJ.

Mx1^s1

Allele Symbol: Mx1^s1

Allele Name	myxovirus susceptibility 1
Allele Type	Spontaneous
Allele Synonym(s)
Gene Symbol and Name	Mx1, MX dynamin-like GTPase 1
Gene Synonym(s)
Strain of Origin	multiple strains
Chromosome	16
General Note	The Mx genes determine resistance to the lethal effects of various myxoviruses including neurotropic avian influenza A virus injected intracerebrally, pneumotropic strains injected intranasally, and a hepatotropic strain injected intraperitoneally (J:5645, J:13136). Resistance is not dependent on presence of the thymus and is not abolished by immunosuppression or by inhibitors of macrophage function (J:5735, J:5478, J:5645). Resistance is specific for the orthomyxoviruses (J:6265). It is dependent on the presence of interferon-alpha and -beta but not -gamma (J:7365). The resistance allele at the Mx1 locus, under induction by alpha/beta interferon, produces the 75 kDa protein MX-1, which confers resistance to the influenza virus, in the nuclei of cells carrying the allele. Susceptibility alleles do not produce the protein (J:8273). The protein is located in the nucleus (J:7703) and produces its antiviral effect by preventing synthesis of viral mRNA in the nucleus (J:7992). Nuclear localization is necessary for anti-influenza virus activity (J:1417), but mutations induced in Mx1 showed that nuclear position was not sufficient for the effect; mutations in several domains can cause its loss (J:11840). The MX-1 protein is a GTPase containing a GTP binding domain (J:1417) and this binding core is also necessary (J:21243). Resistance is expressed by macrophages and other cells in vitro (J:6649, J:5940) but could not be transferred to susceptible animals by transfer of macrophages from resistant mice (J:6149). Resistance to infection with two tick-borne viruses, Thogoto virus (J:8273) and Dhori virus (J:27760), is also conferred by Mx1^r. The Mx1^r allele occurs only in strains A2G, SL/NiA, and T9, the latter being a strain derived from an influenza-resistant wild stock, and CAST/Ei, derived from Mus musculus castaneus. Most inbred strains, including C57BL/6J, C3H/HeJ, and BALB/cJ, carry an influenza susceptible Mx1^s1 allele which produces mRNA lacking exons 9, 10, and 11 of the Mx1^r allele. This large deletion apparently renders the protein incapable of providing resistance to influenza. The CBA/J, CE/J, I/LnJ, and PERA/Ei strains, also susceptible to the virus, have another form of the Mx1^s2 allele in which there is a nonsense mutation (J:9452). Interferon is induced by viral infection and in turn induces the Mx protein (J:7703). Although some interferon-induced genes respond directly to virus invasion as well as indirectly through induction by virus-induced interferon, this primary response is very weak for the MX-1 protein in response to either influenza or Newcastle disease viruses (J:1892).
Molecular Note	Many inbred mouse strains have an exon 9 to 11 deletion, resulting in a null allele and susceptibility to myxoviruses, including: A/J, ABP/Le, AKR/J, AU/SsJ, BALB/cJ, BDP/J, BUB/BnJ, C3H/HeJ, C57BL/6J, C57BL/10J, C57BL/KsJ, C57L/J, C58/J, DA/HuSn, DBA/2J, FSB/GnEi, FVB/NJ, LIS/A, LP/J, MA/MyJ, MAS/A, NZB/BINJ, P/J, PL/J, RIIIS/J, RF/J, SEA/GnJ, SEC1/ReJ, SJL/J, ST/bJ, TS1/A, TW1/A. YBR/Ei, 020/A, 129/J, SF/CamEi and SK/CamEi.

H2-T18^e

Allele Symbol: H2-T18^e

Allele Name	e variant
Allele Type	Not Applicable
Allele Synonym(s)	Tla^e
Gene Symbol and Name	H2-T18, histocompatibility 2, T region locus 18
Gene Synonym(s)
Strain of Origin	Not Applicable
Chromosome	17
Molecular Note	The allele H2-T18^e determines presence of specificities TL.1, 2, 3, 5 and occurs in strains P/J and BDP/J.

Ahr^b-2

Allele Symbol: Ahr^b-2

Allele Name	b-2 variant
Allele Type	Not Applicable
Allele Synonym(s)	Ah^b-2; Ah^h
Gene Symbol and Name	Ahr, aryl-hydrocarbon receptor
Gene Synonym(s)
Strain of Origin	BALB/cBy
Chromosome	12
General Note	C57BL/6 carries the responsive Ahr^b allele; DBA/2 carries nonresponsive Ahr^d. Heterozygotes (Ahr^b/Ahr^d) are responsive (J:5282). Later work identified a second (J:8895) and later a third (J:22144) allele conferring response. Thus the allele in C57, C58, and MA/My strains is now Ahr^b-1; Ahr^b-2 is carried by BALB/cBy, A, and C3H; and Ahr^b-3 by Mus spretus, M. caroli, and MOLF/Ei. The nonresponsive strains AKR, DBA/2, and 129 carry Ahrd (J:22144). Nucleotide and amino acid sequence differences between Ahr^b-1 and Ahr^d have been determined (J:17460). Strain of origin - this allele was found in BALB/cByJ, A/J, C3H/HeJ, CBA strains
Molecular Note	This allele encodes a high affinity, heat labile, 104 kDa receptor containing 848 amino acids. Sequencing studies of cDNA from C57BL/6J congenic mice homozygous for this allele identified nucleotide substitutions in the ORF that would cause 5 amino acid differences between the C57BL/6J and BALB/cBy peptides, and 2 amino acid differences between the BALB/cBy and DBA/2J peptides. A T to C transition in exon 11 replaces the opal termination codon in the C57BL/6J allele with an arginine codon in the BALB/cBy allele. This change would extend translation of the BALB/cBy mRNA by 43 amino acids, accounting for the larger size of the peptide produced by this allele (104 kDa, vs 95 kDa for the C57BL/6J allele).

Pde6b^rd1

Allele Symbol: Pde6b^rd1

Allele Name	retinal degeneration 1
Allele Type	Spontaneous
Allele Synonym(s)	Pdeb^rd1; rd; rd1; rd-1; rodless retina
Gene Symbol and Name	Pde6b, phosphodiesterase 6B, cGMP, rod receptor, beta polypeptide
Gene Synonym(s)
Strain of Origin	various
Chromosome	5
General Note	The following inbred strains are known to be homozygous for Pde6b: C3H sublines, CBA/J, FVB/NJ, PL/J, SB, SJL/J, and SWR/J.
Molecular Note	Two mutations have been identified in rd1 mice. A murine leukimia virus (Xmv-28) insertion in reverse orientation in intron 1 is found in all mouse strains with the rd1 phenotype. Further, a nonsense mutation (C-to-A transversion) in codon 347 that results in a truncation eliminating more than half of the predicted encoded protein, including the catalytic domain, has been identified in all rd1 strains of mice. A specific degradation of mutant transcript during or after pre-mRNA splicing is suggested.

Bmp5^se

Allele Symbol: Bmp5^se

Allele Name	short ear
Allele Type	Spontaneous
Allele Synonym(s)	se^GnJ
Gene Symbol and Name	Bmp5, bone morphogenetic protein 5
Gene Synonym(s)
Strain of Origin	mice from Abbie Lathrop mouse farm
Chromosome	9
General Note	Phenotypic Similarity to Human Syndrome: Ear, Patella, Short Stature Syndrome (Meier-Gorlin Syndrome) in homozygous mice (J:24474)
Molecular Note	The C to T substitution creates a stop codon at arginine codon 208 (p.R208*). The resulting truncated protein does not include the carboxy terminal signaling portion of the molecule.

Myo5a^d

Allele Symbol: Myo5a^d

Allele Name	dilute
Allele Type	Spontaneous
Allele Synonym(s)	blue dilution; d; d^v; Maltese dilution
Gene Symbol and Name	Myo5a, myosin VA
Gene Synonym(s)
Strain of Origin	old mutant of the mouse fancy
Chromosome	9
Molecular Note	This mutation is the result of the integration of ecotropic murine leukemia virus Emv-3 into a noncoding region of the Myo5a^d gene. Reversions of Myo5a^d to wild-type are caused by excision of the virus leaving exactly one long terminal repeat in place.

Disease/Phenotype

Disease Terms

Research Areas By Phenotype

This mouse can be used to support research in many areas including:

Dermatology Research
- Color and White Spotting Defects
Developmental Biology Research
- Growth Defects
- Skeletal Defects
Cancer Research
- Increased Tumor Incidence
  - Leukemia
Neurobiology Research
- Hearing Defects
  - Age related hearing loss
- Angelman syndrome
- Epilepsy
  - electroconvulsive seizures
  - audiogenic seizures
Sensorineural Research
- Hearing Defects
  - Age related hearing loss
- Retinal Degeneration
  - Homozygous for Pde6b^rd1

Genotype: Myo5a^d related

Mouse/Human Gene Homologs
- Griscelli Syndrome
Dermatology Research
- Color and White Spotting Defects

Genotype: Pde6b^rd1 related

Sensorineural Research
- Retinal Degeneration
Mouse/Human Gene Homologs
- retinitis pigmentosa, autosomal recessive

Genotype: Bmp5^se related

Developmental Biology Research
- Growth Defects
- Skeletal Defects
- Craniofacial and Palate Defects

Genotype: Cdh23^ahl related

Neurobiology Research
- Hearing Defects
  - Age related hearing loss
Sensorineural Research
- Hearing Defects
  - Age related hearing loss

Mammalian Phenotype Terms by Genotype

Phenotype Information

Festing Inbred Strain Characteristics: P

References

Petkov PM; Cassell MA; Sargent EE; Donnelly CJ; Robinson P; Crew V; Asquith S; Haar RV; Wiles MV. 2004. Development of a SNP genotyping panel for genetic monitoring of the laboratory mouse. Genomics 83(5):902-11PubMed: 15081119 MGI: J:89298

Additional References

Bachmanov AA; Beauchamp GK; Tordoff MG. 2002. Voluntary consumption of NaCl, KCl, CaCl2, and NH4Cl solutions by 28 mouse strains. Behav Genet 32(6):445-57PubMed: 12467342 MGI: J:80489
Bachmanov AA; Reed DR; Beauchamp GK; Tordoff MG. 2002. Food intake, water intake, and drinking spout side preference of 28 mouse strains. Behav Genet 32(6):435-43PubMed: 12467341 MGI: J:80495
Benton CS; Miller BH; Skwerer S; Suzuki O; Schultz LE; Cameron MD; Marron JS; Pletcher MT; Wiltshire T. 2012. Evaluating genetic markers and neurobiochemical analytes for fluoxetine response using a panel of mouse inbred strains. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 221(2):297-315PubMed: 22113448 MGI: J:275939
Deckard BS; Lieff B; Schlesinger K; DeFries JC. 1976. Developmental patterns of seizure susceptibility in inbred strains of mice. Dev Psychobiol 9(1):17-24PubMed: 1254102 MGI: J:25363
Fujiwara M; Cinader B. 1974. Cellular aspects of tolerance. IV. Strain variations of tolerance induceability. Cell Immunol 12(1):11-29PubMed: 4142413 MGI: J:280896
Harrill AH; Desmet KD; Wolf KK; Bridges AS; Eaddy JS; Kurtz CL; Hall JE; Paine MF; Tidwell RR; Watkins PB. 2012. A mouse diversity panel approach reveals the potential for clinical kidney injury due to DB289 not predicted by classical rodent models. Toxicol Sci 130(2):416-26PubMed: 22940726 MGI: J:192655
Hoag WG. 1963. Spontaneous cancer in mice Ann N Y Acad Sci 108:805-831PubMed: 14081516 MGI: J:2434
Leduc MS; Hageman RS; Meng Q; Verdugo RA; Tsaih SW; Churchill GA; Paigen B; Yuan R. 2010. Identification of genetic determinants of IGF-1 levels and longevity among mouse inbred strains. Aging Cell 9(5):823-36PubMed: 20735370 MGI: J:201869
Leme AS; Berndt A; Williams LK; Tsaih SW; Szatkiewicz JP; Verdugo R; Paigen B; Shapiro SD. 2010. A survey of airway responsiveness in 36 inbred mouse strains facilitates gene mapping studies and identification of quantitative trait loci. Mol Genet Genomics 283(4):317-26PubMed: 20143096 MGI: J:276589
Poland A; Glover E. 1990. Characterization and strain distribution pattern of the murine Ah receptor specified by the Ahd and Ahb-3 alleles. Mol Pharmacol 38(3):306-12PubMed: 2169579 MGI: J:34840
Roderick TH. 1963. The response of twenty-seven inbred strains of mice to daily doses of whole-body x-irradiation Radiat Res 20:631-39PubMed: 14102482 MGI: J:22617
Schoenrock SA; Oreper D; Young N; Ervin RB; Bogue MA; Valdar W; Tarantino LM. 2016. Ovariectomy results in inbred strain-specific increases in anxiety-like behavior in mice. Physiol Behav 167:404-412PubMed: 27693591 MGI: J:275944
Sinke AP; Caputo C; Tsaih SW; Yuan R; Ren D; Deen PM; Korstanje R. 2011. Genetic analysis of mouse strains with variable serum sodium concentrations identifies the Nalcn sodium channel as a novel player in osmoregulation. Physiol Genomics 43(5):265-70PubMed: 21177381 MGI: J:171768
Storer JB. 1966. Longevity and gross pathology at death in 22 inbred mouse strains. J Gerontol 21(3):404-9PubMed: 5944803 MGI: J:22621
Sundberg JP; Berndt A; Sundberg BA; Silva KA; Kennedy V; Bronson R; Yuan R; Paigen B; Harrison D; Schofield PN. 2011. The mouse as a model for understanding chronic diseases of aging: the histopathologic basis of aging in inbred mice. Pathobiol Aging Age Relat Dis 1PubMed: 22953031 MGI: J:236844
Wiltshire T; Ervin RB; Duan H; Bogue MA; Zamboni WC; Cook S; Chung W; Zou F; Tarantino LM. 2015. Initial locomotor sensitivity to cocaine varies widely among inbred mouse strains. Genes Brain Behav 14(3):271-80PubMed: 25727211 MGI: J:235925
Wooley CM; Xing S; Burgess RW; Cox GA; Seburn KL. 2009. Age, experience and genetic background influence treadmill walking in mice. Physiol Behav 96(2):350-61PubMed: 19027767 MGI: J:275950
Xie C; Sharma R; Wang H; Zhou XJ; Mohan C. 2004. Strain distribution pattern of susceptibility to immune-mediated nephritis. J Immunol 172(8):5047-55PubMed: 15067087 MGI: J:122988
Xing S; Tsaih SW; Yuan R; Svenson KL; Jorgenson LM; So M; Paigen BJ; Korstanje R. 2009. Genetic influence on electrocardiogram time intervals and heart rate in aging mice. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 296(6):H1907-13PubMed: 19395551 MGI: J:150867
Yuan R; Meng Q; Nautiyal J; Flurkey K; Tsaih SW; Krier R; Parker MG; Harrison DE; Paigen B. 2012. Genetic coregulation of age of female sexual maturation and lifespan through circulating IGF1 among inbred mouse strains. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 109(21):8224-9PubMed: 22566614 MGI: J:184775
Yuan R; Tsaih SW; Petkova SB; Marin de Evsikova C; Xing S; Marion MA; Bogue MA; Mills KD; Peters LL; Bult CJ; Rosen CJ; Sundberg JP; Harrison DE; Churchill GA; Paigen B. 2009. Aging in inbred strains of mice: study design and interim report on median lifespans and circulating IGF1 levels. Aging Cell 8(3):277-87PubMed: 19627267 MGI: J:216124
Zheng QY; Johnson KR; Erway LC. 1999. Assessment of hearing in 80 inbred strains of mice by ABR threshold analyses. Hear Res 130(1-2):94-107PubMed: 10320101 MGI: J:54812
Zheng QY; Tong YC; Alagramam KN; Yu H. 2007. Tympanometry assessment of 61 inbred strains of mice. Hear Res 231(1-2):23-31PubMed: 17611057 MGI: J:123543

Additional - Ahr^b-2 related

Additional - Bmp5^se related

Additional - Cdh23^ahl related

Additional - Gpr84^del related

Additional - H2^p related

Additional - H2-T18^e related

Additional - Mx1^s1 related

Additional - Myo5a^d related

Additional - Pde6b^rd1 related

Technical Support

CONTACT TECHNICAL SUPPORT

Genotyping Protocols
- Genotyping resources and troubleshooting
Appearance
- pink-eyed fawn, short ear
  Related Genotype: a/a Tyrp1^b/Tyrp1^b Oca2^p/Oca2^p Bmp5^se Myo5a^d/Bmp5^se Myo5a^d
Citation
When using the P/J mouse strain in a publication, please include JAX stock #000679 in your Materials and Methods section.

Animal Health Reports

Facility Barrier Level Descriptions

Production of mice from cryopreserved embryos or sperm occurs in a maximum barrier room, G200

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Genetic overview

Research Applications

Base Price

Important Note

Detailed Description

Development

Selected References

Gpr84del

Allele Symbol: Gpr84del

H2p

Allele Symbol: H2p

Cdh23ahl

Allele Symbol: Cdh23ahl

Mx1s1

Allele Symbol: Mx1s1

H2-T18e

Allele Symbol: H2-T18e

Ahrb-2

Allele Symbol: Ahrb-2

Pde6brd1

Allele Symbol: Pde6brd1

Bmp5se

Allele Symbol: Bmp5se

Myo5ad

Allele Symbol: Myo5ad