C57BL/10J

Stock number: 000665
Strain synonyms: Black 10, Black 10 J, B10, C57BL10
Research areas: Research Tools

Description

The C57BL/10J substrain is similar to the C57BL/6J substrain, but allelic variants have been described at the H9, Igh2 and Lv loci. C57BL/10J mice are a valuable immunological research tool. They have a high lymphocyte phytohaemagglutinin response, a good immune response to ovalbumin, a poor response to DNP-keyhole limpet haemocyanin and are resistant to induction of passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (IgG1- and IgE- mediated). They are susceptible to immunosuppression of contact hypersensitivity by ultraviolet light, highly susceptible to TNBS-induced colitis and moderately susceptible to experimental allergic encephalomyelitis

Detailed description

C57BL/10J is a substrain of C57BL, and shares a common origin with C57BL/6J (Stock No. 000664), which is one of the most widely used inbred strains. Coat color is black (non-agouti), a/a. The C57BL/10J substrain is similar to the C57BL/6J substrain, but allelic variants have been described at the H9, Igh2 and Lv loci. C57BL/10J mice have a long life-span (826 +/-29 days in males, 693 +/- 31 days in females). Overall tumor incidence is 33% in males and 31% in females, most of which is due to lymphoma. C57BL/10J mice are prone to dermatitis, which is a common problem in the C57BL strain. C57BL/10J mice are a valuable immunological research tool. They have a high lymphocyte phytohaemagglutinin response, a good immune response to ovalbumin, a poor response to DNP-keyhole limpet haemocyanin and are resistant to induction of passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (IgG1- and IgE- mediated). They are susceptible to immunosuppression of contact hypersensitivity by ultraviolet light, highly susceptible to TNBS-induced colitis and moderately susceptible to experimental allergic encephalomyelitis.

Development

The C57BL strain created by C.C. Little in the 1920's gave rise to the C57BL/6 and C57BL/10 substrains sometime before 1937, and the C57BL/10J substrain was separated from other C57BL/10 substrains in 1947.

Allele

Symbol: Micrlⁿ
Name: non-responder
MGI accession ID: MGI:5014256
Generation method: QTL
Marker symbol: Micrl
Marker name: microwave induced increase in complement receptor B cells
Chromosome: 5
Strain of origin: multiple strains
General note: The following inbred strains are homozygous for the recessive QTL, Micrl, and do not respond to microwave exposure by increasing splenic C3 receptor-bearing B cells: A/J, BALB/cJ, C3HeB/FeN, C57BL/6J, C57BL/10J (inferred from the response of two congenic lines "B10.BR", "B10.D2", "B10.D2"), C58/J, AK.B6-H2^b, and B6.AK-H2^k. These recombinant inbred strains are also non-responding: BXH2/Ty, BXH6/Ty, BXH7/Ty, BXH12/Ty, and BXH14/Ty.

Allele

Symbol: P2rx7^rs48804829-T
Name: rs48804829 SNP allele with the T variant
MGI accession ID: MGI:3042190
Generation method: Spontaneous
Marker symbol: P2rx7
Marker name: purinergic receptor P2X, ligand-gated ion channel, 7
Chromosome: 5
Strain of origin: various
Molecular note: The T variant of SNP rs48804829 at coding nucleotide 1352 codes for a leucine at codon 451 which yields a peptide with severely reduced activity. This variant is found in AKR/J, C3H/HeJ, C57BL/6, C57BL/10, CBA/J, DBA/1, DBA/2, FVB/NJ, and NZO/HILtJ. The wild-type C variant, coding for proline, is found in 129P2/OlaHsd, 129S1/SvImJ, 129S5SvEvBrd, A/J, BALB/c, CAST/EiJ ,NZW, LP/J, NOD/ShiLtJ, PWK/PhJ, WSB/EiJ, Mus caroli, M. spretus, M. musculus, and M. poschiavinus. The mutation lies within a C-terminal cytoplasmic domain homologous with the TNFR 1-death domain and with an SH3 binding protein.

Allele

Symbol: Mx1^s1
Name: myxovirus susceptibility 1
MGI accession ID: MGI:3715154
Generation method: Spontaneous
Attributes: Null/Knockout
Marker symbol: Mx1
Marker name: MX dynamin-like GTPase 1
Chromosome: 16
Strain of origin: multiple strains
Molecular note: Many inbred mouse strains have an exon 9 to 11 deletion, resulting in a null allele and susceptibility to myxoviruses, including: A/J, ABP/Le, AKR/J, AU/SsJ, BALB/cJ, BDP/J, BUB/BnJ, C3H/HeJ, C57BL/6J, C57BL/10J, C57BL/KsJ, C57L/J, C58/J, DA/HuSn, DBA/2J, FSB/GnEi, FVB/NJ, LIS/A, LP/J, MA/MyJ, MAS/A, NZB/BINJ, P/J, PL/J, RIIIS/J, RF/J, SEA/GnJ, SEC1/ReJ, SJL/J, ST/bJ, TS1/A, TW1/A. YBR/Ei, 020/A, 129/J, SF/CamEi and SK/CamEi.
General note:

The Mx genes determine resistance to the lethal effects of various myxoviruses including neurotropic avian influenza A virus injected intracerebrally, pneumotropic strains injected intranasally, and a hepatotropic strain injected intraperitoneally (J:5645, J:13136). Resistance is not dependent on presence of the thymus and is not abolished by immunosuppression or by inhibitors of macrophage function (J:5735, J:5478, J:5645). Resistance is specific for the orthomyxoviruses (J:6265). It is dependent on the presence of interferon-alpha and -beta but not -gamma (J:7365).

The resistance allele at the Mx1 locus, under induction by alpha/beta interferon, produces the 75 kDa protein MX-1, which confers resistance to the influenza virus, in the nuclei of cells carrying the allele. Susceptibility alleles do not produce the protein (J:8273). The protein is located in the nucleus (J:7703) and produces its antiviral effect by preventing synthesis of viral mRNA in the nucleus (J:7992). Nuclear localization is necessary for anti-influenza virus activity (J:1417), but mutations induced in Mx1 showed that nuclear position was not sufficient for the effect; mutations in several domains can cause its loss (J:11840). The MX-1 protein is a GTPase containing a GTP binding domain (J:1417) and this binding core is also necessary (J:21243).

Resistance is expressed by macrophages and other cells in vitro (J:6649, J:5940) but could not be transferred to susceptible animals by transfer of macrophages from resistant mice (J:6149).

Resistance to infection with two tick-borne viruses, Thogoto virus (J:8273) and Dhori virus (J:27760), is also conferred by Mx1^r.

The Mx1^r allele occurs only in strains A2G, SL/NiA, and T9, the latter being a strain derived from an influenza-resistant wild stock, and CAST/Ei, derived from Mus musculus castaneus. Most inbred strains, including C57BL/6J, C3H/HeJ, and BALB/cJ, carry an influenza susceptible Mx1^s1 allele which produces mRNA lacking exons 9, 10, and 11 of the Mx1^r allele. This large deletion apparently renders the protein incapable of providing resistance to influenza. The CBA/J, CE/J, I/LnJ, and PERA/Ei strains, also susceptible to the virus, have another form of the Mx1^s2 allele in which there is a nonsense mutation (J:9452).

Interferon is induced by viral infection and in turn induces the Mx protein (J:7703). Although some interferon-induced genes respond directly to virus invasion as well as indirectly through induction by virus-induced interferon, this primary response is very weak for the MX-1 protein in response to either influenza or Newcastle disease viruses (J:1892).

Allele

Symbol: Cox7a2l^s
Name: short
MGI accession ID: MGI:6276120
Generation method: Not Applicable
Attributes: Not Specified
Marker symbol: Cox7a2l
Marker name: cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7A2 like
Chromosome: 17
Strain of origin: multiple strains
Molecular note: This allele contains a 6 bp microdeletion causing the loss of two amino acids and truncating the protein to 111 amino acids instead of 113 amino acids. It is found in BALB/cAnCrl, BALB/cJ, C57BL/6Cr, C57BL/6JCrl, C57BL/6JOlaHsd, C57BL/6NCrl, C57BL/6NJcl, C57BL/6NHsd, C57BL/6NTac, C57BL/6NJ, B6(CG)-Tyr/J, C57BL/6JClr, C57BL/6JArc, C57BL/6JJcl, C57BL/6JJmsSlc, C57BL/6JOla, C57BL/6JOlaHsd, C57BL/6JRcc, C57BL/6JRccHsd, C57BL/6JBom, and C57BL/6JBomTac mice.
General note: Querying the sequences of the Sanger Mouse Genomes Project reveals that the short allele with its 6 bp deletion exists in C57BL/6J, C57BL/10J, C57BL/6NJ, C58/J, BALB/cJ, C3H/HeH, 129S5/SvEvBrd, NZW/LacZ, and SEA/GnJ, but the long allele lacking the deletion exists in 129S1/SvImJ, A/J, AKR/J, BTBR T⁺ Itpr3^tf/J, BUB/BnJ, C3H/HeJ, C57BR/cdJ, C57L/J, CAST/EiJ, CBA/J, DBA/1J, DBA/2J, FVB/NJ, I/LnJ, KK/HiJ, LEWES/EiJ, LP/J, MOLF/EiJ, NOD/ShiLtJ, NZB/BlNJ, NZO/HlLtJ, PWK/PhJ, RF/J, SPRET/EiJ, ST/bJ, WSB/EiJ, ZALENDE/EiJ.

Allele

Symbol: B2m^b
Name: b variant
MGI accession ID: MGI:6711994
Generation method: Spontaneous
Attributes: Not Applicable
Marker symbol: B2m
Marker name: beta-2 microglobulin
Chromosome: 2
Strain of origin: C57BL
Molecular note: The b variant is runs faster than the a variant on SDS PAGE and was found to have an alanine at amino acid position 85. This allele is found in the C57BL strain family including C57BL/6, C57BL/10, C57L/J, C57BR/cdJ, as well as CAST/Ei, but not in C58/J, which has the a variant.