C3H/HeJ

Stock No:: 000659 |; C3H

Also Known As: C3H, C3, C3H Heston

C3H/HeJ mice, commonly called C3H, are used as a general purpose strain in a wide variety of research areas including cancer, infectious disease, sensorineural, and cardiovascular biology research. A spontaneous mutation in Tlr4 occurred in C3H/HeJ at the lipopolysaccharide response locus (mutation in toll-like receptor 4 gene, Tlr4^Lps-d) making C3H/HeJ mice more resistant to endotoxin. C3H/HeJ mice are highly susceptible to infection by Gram-negative bacteria such as Salmonella enterica. The C3H substrains at The Jackson Laboratory are homozygous for the retinal degeneration 1 mutation (Pde6b^rd1), causing blindness by weaning age.

Genetic overview

Genetic Background	Generation

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Research Applications

Sensorineural Research
Immunology, Inflammation and Autoimmunity Research
Cancer Research
Research Tools
Cardiovascular Research
Neurobiology Research

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Base Price

Starting at:

$25.33 Domestic price for male 3-week

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Details

Important Note

This strain does not carry mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV). This strain is homozygous for retinal degeneration allele Pde6b^rd1, the defective lipopolysaccharide response allele Tlr4^Lps-d, and for a chromosomal inversion on Chromosome 6. A sighted alternative is Stock No. 003648, C3Sn.BLiA-Pde6b⁺/DnJ.

Detailed Description

C3H/HeJ mice are used as a general purpose strain in a wide variety of research areas including cancer, immunology and inflammation, sensorineural, and cardiovascular biology. C3H/HeJ mice and all other Jackson substrains are homozygous for the retinal degeneration 1 mutation (Pde6b^rd1), which causes blindness by weaning age, but lack the nob5 allele of Gpr179 (Chang, 2015). White belly spots, ranging in phenotype from a few white hairs to a defined spot are common in C3H/HeJ mice. There is also a high incidence of hepatomas in C3H mice (reportedly 72-91% in males at 14 months, 59% in virgin females, 30-38% in breeding females). Despite the lack of exogenous mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV), virgin and breeding females may still develop some mammary tumors later in life. C3H/HeJ mice, fed an atherogenic diet (1.25% cholesterol, 0.5% cholic acid and 15% fat), fail to develop atherosclerotic aortic lesions in contrast to several highly susceptible strains of mice (e.g. C57BL/6J, Stock No. 000664; C57L/J, Stock No. 000668, C57BR/cdJ, Stock No. 000667, and SM/J, Stock No. 000687). C3H/HeJ mice spontaneously develop alopecia areata (AA) at a reported incidence of approximately 0.25% by 5 months of age. In older mice (12-18 months old), incidences as high as approximately 20% are reported. Females as young as 3-5 months can develop AA, but onset typically is delayed until after 6 months in males. Alopecia areata can be surgically-induced by grafting a small piece of skin from an older, donor animal with AA onto a younger, isogenic C3H/HeJ recipient.

A spontaneous mutation occurred in C3H/HeJ at the lipopolysaccharide response locus (later identified as a mutation in the toll-like receptor 4 gene, Tlr4^Lps-d) making C3H/HeJ mice endotoxin resistant. C3H/HeJ (Tlr4^Lps-d) mice are highly susceptible to infection by Gram-negative bacteria such as Salmonella enterica. Mice infected with Salmonella exhibit delayed chemokine production, impaired nitric oxide generation and attenuated cellular immune responses. Mortality in infected mice appears to result from enhanced bacterial growth within the liver Kupffer cell network (Vazquez-Torres et al., 2004). The C3H/HeJ substrain is homozygous for an inversion on Chromosome 6 (symbol: In(6)1J). The inversion covers 20% of Chromosome 6 between D6Mit124 (~30.3 cM) and D6Mit150 (~51.0 cM), but results in no reported phenotype. Results from screening other C3H substrains and cryopreserved stock from C3H/HeJ suggest that the mutation arose after 1952. The spontaneous mutation, spike wave discharge 1 (Gria4^spkw1), is present in C3H/HeJ, but not C3HeB/FeJ. Mice homozygous for this mutation exhibit a modest incidence of absence seizures. This strain is also homozygous for a hypomorphic allele in Pcnx2, which is caused by an IAP insertion and which dampens the severity of the absence seizure phenotype caused by Gria4^spkw1 (Frankel et al., 2014).

Development

The C3H parent strain was developed by LC Strong in 1920 from a cross of a Bagg albino female with a DBA male followed by selection for high incidence of mammary tumors. This high incidence resulted from exogenous mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV) transmitted through the mother's milk. The Jackson Laboratory maintains four C3H substrains, C3H/HeJ (Stock No. 000659), C3H/HeOuJ (Stock No. 000635), C3HeB/FeJ (Stock No. 000658) and C3H/HeSnJ (Stock No. 000661) that are now free of exogenous MMTV. C3H/HeJ and C3H/HeOuJ mice previously carried MMTV but were rederived in 1999 during planned efforts to increase the overall health status of the mice and the virus was not reintroduced. C3H/HeJ and C3H/HeOuJ substrains were separated in 1952 and are genetically very similar. However, a spontaneous mutation occurred in C3H/HeJ sometime between 1960 and 1968 at lipopolysaccharide response locus (mutation in toll-like receptor 4 gene, Tlr4^lps) making C3H/HeJ mice endotoxin resistant while the other three C3H strains are endotoxin sensitive.

Selected References

Cheers C; McKenzie IF. 1978. Resistance and susceptibility of mice to bacterial infection: genetics of listeriosis. (3): 755-62. PubMed: 305895 MGI: 5954
Heston WE; Vlahakis G. 1971. Mammary tumors, plaques, and hyperplastic alveolar nodules in various combinations of mouse inbred strains and the different lines of the mammary tumor virus. (1): 141-8. PubMed: 4322934 MGI: 24766
Outzen HC; Corrow D; Shultz LD. 1985. Attenuation of exogenous murine mammary tumor virus virulence in the C3H/HeJ mouse substrain bearing the Lps mutation. (5): 917-23. PubMed: 2997536 MGI: 24978
Akeson EC; Donahue LR; Beamer WG; Shultz KL; Ackert-Bicknell C; Rosen CJ; Corrigan J; Davisson MT. 2006. Chromosomal inversion discovered in C3H/HeJ mice. (2): 311-3. PubMed: 16309882 MGI: 106884
Dragani TA; Manenti G; Gariboldi M; Degregorio L; Pierotti MA. 1995. Genetics of liver tumor susceptibility in mice. 613-619. PubMed: 8597117 MGI: 31914
Petkov PM; Cassell MA; Sargent EE; Donnelly CJ; Robinson P; Crew V; Asquith S; Haar RV; Wiles MV. 2004. Development of a SNP genotyping panel for genetic monitoring of the laboratory mouse. (5): 902-11. PubMed: 15081119 MGI: 90283
Chang B. 2015. Survey of the nob5 mutation in C3H substrains. 1101-5. PubMed: 26396487 MGI: 225531
Frankel WN; Mahaffey CL; McGarr TC; Beyer BJ; Letts VA. 2014. Unraveling genetic modifiers in the gria4 mouse model of absence epilepsy. (7): e1004454. PubMed: 25010494 MGI: 229631

View All References

Genetics

Pde6b^rd1

Allele Symbol: Pde6b^rd1

Allele Name	retinal degeneration 1
Allele Type	Spontaneous
Allele Synonym(s)	Pdeb^rd1; rd; rd-1; rd1; rodless retina
Gene Symbol and Name	Pde6b, phosphodiesterase 6B, cGMP, rod receptor, beta polypeptide
Gene Synonym(s)	rd; rd1; Pdeb; r; rd; rd10; nmf137; r; retinal degeneration; retinal degeneration 1; retinal degeneration 10; CSNB3; CSNBAD2; rd1; rd-1; rd10; PDEB; RP40; phosphodiesterase, cGMP, rod receptor, beta polypeptide; Pdeb; GMP-PDEbeta
Strain of Origin	various
Chromosome	5
General Note	The following inbred strains are known to be homozygous for Pde6b: C3H sublines, CBA/J, FVB/NJ, PL/J, SB, SJL/J, and SWR/J.
Molecular Note	Two mutations have been identified in rd1 mice. A murine leukimia virus (Xmv-28) insertion in reverse orientation in intron 1 is found in all mouse strains with the rd1 phenotype. Further, a nonsense mutation (C to A transversion) in codon 347 that results in a truncation eliminating more than half of the predicted encoded protein, including the catalytic domain has also been identified in all rd1 strains of mice. A specific degradation of mutant transcript during or after pre-mRNA splicing is suggested.

Tlr4^Lps-d

Allele Symbol: Tlr4^Lps-d

Allele Name	defective lipopolysaccharide response
Allele Type	Spontaneous
Allele Synonym(s)	TLR4-M; TLR4-Mu; TLR4^lps-def; TLR4d; Tlr4^-; Tlr4^d; Tlr^Lps-d; lps^d; mutant TLR4
Gene Symbol and Name	Tlr4, toll-like receptor 4
Gene Synonym(s)	ARMD10; Rasl2-8; Rasl2-8; CD284; lipopolysaccharide response; Lps; lipopolysaccharide response; Lps; TLR-4; RAS-like, family 2, locus 8; TOLL
Strain of Origin	C3H/HeJ
Chromosome	4
General Note	C3H/HeJ mice carry this allele. Various combinations of Lps-associated traits have been followed in crosses between C3H/HeJ and other C3H substrains, and the traits have in all cases segregated together (J:30692, J:5557, J:5593, J:5938). Some of the traits show dominance of the Tlr4^lps-n allele; others, including Tlr4^Lps-d, show codominance. Genbank ID for this allele: AF095353
Molecular Note	This allele corresponds to a mutation in the third exon of the gene. A C to A substitution at nucleotide position 2342 results in an amino acid substitution that replaces proline with histidine at position 712.

Ahr^b-2

Allele Symbol: Ahr^b-2

Allele Name	b-2 variant
Allele Type	Not Applicable
Allele Synonym(s)	Ah^b-2; Ah^h
Gene Symbol and Name	Ahr, aryl-hydrocarbon receptor
Gene Synonym(s)	bHLHe76; aromatic hydrocarbon responsiveness; aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase; Ahh; dioxin receptor; In; Ah; Ahre; inflammatory reactivity
Strain of Origin	BALB/cBy
Chromosome	12
General Note	C57BL/6 carries the responsive Ahr^b allele; DBA/2 carries nonresponsive Ahr^d. Heterozygotes (Ahr^b/Ahr^d) are responsive (J:5282). Later work identified a second (J:8895) and later a third (J:22144) allele conferring response. Thus the allele in C57, C58, and MA/My strains is now Ahr^b-1; Ahr^b-2 is carried by BALB/cBy, A, and C3H; and Ahr^b-3 by Mus spretus, M. caroli, and MOLF/Ei. The nonresponsive strains AKR, DBA/2, and 129 carry Ahrd (J:22144). Nucleotide and amino acid sequence differences between Ahr^b-1 and Ahr^d have been determined (J:17460). Strain of origin - this allele was found in BALB/cByJ, A/J, C3H/HeJ, CBA strains
Molecular Note	This allele encodes a high affinity, heat labile, 104 kDa receptor containing 848 amino acids. Sequencing studies of cDNA from C57BL/6J congenic mice homozygous for this allele identified nucleotide substitutions in the ORF that would cause 5 amino acid differences between the C57BL/6J and BALB/cBy peptides, and 2 amino acid differences between the BALB/cBy and DBA/2J peptides. A T to C transition in exon 11 replaces the opal termination codon in the C57BL/6J allele with an arginine codon in the BALB/cBy allele. This change would extend translation of the BALB/cBy mRNA by 43 amino acids, accounting for the larger size of the peptide produced by this allele (104 kDa, vs 95 kDa for the C57BL/6J allele).

In(6)1J

Allele Symbol: In(6)1J

Allele Name	inversion, Chr 6, Jackson 1
Allele Type	Spontaneous
Allele Synonym(s)
Gene Symbol and Name	In(6)1J, inversion, Chr 6, Jackson 1
Gene Synonym(s)
Strain of Origin	C3H/HeJ
Chromosome	6
General Note	C3H/HeJ and C3H/HeJBir carry this inversion; C3H/HeSnJ and C3HeB/FeJ do not. Examination of recombination distances in Recombinant Inbred (RI) strain sets developed using C3H/HeJ as a progenitor suggest none of these harbor the inversion. Mouse strains carrying spontaneous mutations that arose on the C3H/HeJ background after 1965-1970 could carry the inversion and are expected to if the mutation arose after the early 1970s.
Molecular Note	The In(6)1J inversion covers approximately 20% of Chr 6 in C3H/HeJ mice. Therefore, linkage crosses using C3H/HeJ will show no recombination in this region of Chr 6. Genetic analyses of congenic construction crosses suggested that the suppressed region lies between D6Mit124 (cytological band 6C3) and D6Mit150 (cytological band 6F1). FISH analyses using flanking BACs detected a paracentric chromosomal region between ~73 Mb and ~116 Mb.

Gria4^spkw1

Allele Symbol: Gria4^spkw1

Allele Name	spike wave discharge 1
Allele Type	QTL
Allele Synonym(s)	Gria4^IAP
Gene Symbol and Name	Gria4, glutamate receptor, ionotropic, AMPA4 (alpha 4)
Gene Synonym(s)	Gluralpha4; spkw1; Glur-4; Glur4; spkw1; GluA4; Glur-4; GluR-D; GLUR4C; GLURD; GLUR4; glutamate receptor 4; spike wave 1; GluR4; Glur4; NEDSGA
Strain of Origin	C3H/HeJ
Chromosome	9
General Note	This allele interacts with spkw2. Animals with the highest incidence of spike wave discharges are homozygous for C3H/HeJ-derived alleles at spkw1 and heterozygous for C57BL/6J and C3H/HeJ alleles at spkw2.
Molecular Note	This mutation was originally identified as a QTL allele conferring increased incidence of spike wave discharges in the brains of C3H/HeJ mice as compared to C57BL/6J. Genomic PCR and sequencing showed a full-length intracisternal A-particle (IAP) proviral insertion in the last intron of Gria4 in C3H/HeJ mice. qRT-PCR showed a 10-fold difference in C3H/HeJ and C3HeB/FeJ substrains in transcripts detected between exons flanking the IAP-containing intron, and a neglible difference between upstream exon transcript levels in these substrains. Gria4 protein levels in C3H/HeJ cerebella are reduced compared with controls.

Cd5^a

Allele Symbol: Cd5^a

Allele Name	a variant
Allele Type	Spontaneous
Allele Synonym(s)	CD5.1; Ly-1.1
Gene Symbol and Name	Cd5, CD5 antigen
Gene Synonym(s)	Ly-12; lymphocyte antigen 1; T1; T-lymphocyte antigen 1; LEU1; Ly-1; Lyt-1; lymphocyte antigen 12; Ly-12; Lyt-1; Ly-A; Ly-1
Strain of Origin	multiple strains
Chromosome	19
Molecular Note	Sequence analysis of C3H/HeJ showed that this polymorphic variant has point mutations relative to the b variant that result in valine instead of isoleucine at amino acid 9, leucine instead of glutamine at amino acid 52, and isoleucine instead of phenylalanine at amino acid 71, all within the amino terminal scavenger receptor cysteine-rich D1 domain, in addition to 7 silent point mutations. This allele is found in many inbred strains including CBA/J, C3H and DBA substrains.

Pcnx2^C3H/HeJ

Allele Symbol: Pcnx2^C3H/HeJ

Allele Name	C3H/HeJ
Allele Type	Spontaneous (Hypomorph)
Allele Synonym(s)	Pcnxl2^IAP
Gene Symbol and Name	Pcnx2, pecanex homolog 2
Gene Synonym(s)	E330039K12Rik; E330039K12Rik; AU067631; Pcnxl2; RGD1305883; RIKEN cDNA E330039K12 gene; pecanex-like 2 (Drosophila); expressed sequence AU067631; PCNXL2; Pcnxl2
Strain of Origin	C3H/HeJ
Chromosome	8
Molecular Note	This IAP insertion in intron 19 causes diminished expression of this gene by RT-PCR in C3H/HeJ and is not found in C3HeB/FeJ, C3H/HeOuJ, or C3H/HeSnJ.

Disease/Phenotype

Disease Terms

Research Areas By Genotype

This mouse can be used to support research in many areas including:

Genotype: Pde6b^rd1 related

Sensorineural Research
- Retinal Degeneration

Genotype: Tlr4^Lps-d related

Immunology, Inflammation and Autoimmunity Research
- CD Antigens, Antigen Receptors, and Histocompatibility Markers
  - Tlr deficiency
- Immunodeficiency
  - Tlr deficiency
- Inflammation
  - Tlr deficiency

Cancer Research
- Increased Tumor Incidence
  - Hepatomas
  - Mammary Gland Tumors: late onset
  - Mammary Gland Tumors
Sensorineural Research
- Retinal Degeneration
  - Homozygous for Pde6b^rd1
Immunology, Inflammation and Autoimmunity Research
- Immunodeficiency
  - Tlr deficiency
Research Tools
- General Purpose
- Infectious Disease
  - Anthrax
Cardiovascular Research
- Diet-Induced Atherosclerosis
  - Relatively Resistant
Neurobiology Research
- Epilepsy

Mammalian Phenotype Terms by Genotype

Genotype: Ahr^b-2/Ahr^b-2
C3H/He

mortality/aging

increased sensitivity to xenobiotic induced morbidity/mortality
- mice are susceptible to DMBA induced lethality

homeostasis/metabolism phenotype

increased physiological sensitivity to xenobiotic
- mice are susceptible to the pathological effects of DMBA and exhibit lethality, weight loss, peritonitis, decreased spleen weight, and decreased thymus weight

increased sensitivity to xenobiotic induced morbidity/mortality
- mice are susceptible to DMBA induced lethality

Genotype: Gria4^spkw1/Gria4^spkw1
C3H/HeJ

behavior/neurological phenotype

absence seizures
- mice show higher spike wave discharge incidence than C3HeB/FeJ or C57BL/6 mice

nervous system phenotype

absence seizures
- mice show higher spike wave discharge incidence than C3HeB/FeJ or C57BL/6 mice

Genotype: In(6)1J/In(6)1J
C3H/HeJ

normal phenotype

no abnormal phenotype detected
- no phenotype is known to be associated with this chromosomal inversion

Genotype: Pde6b^rd1/Pde6b^rd1
C3H/HeJ

vision/eye phenotype

abnormal retinal outer nuclear layer morphology
- nearly complete absence of outer nuclear layer

absent photoreceptor outer segment

retinal degeneration
- entire outer retina is destroyed, however the inner retina remains intact

vision/eye phenotype
- despite the absence of rods, mice exhibit normal photopotentiation (defined as a 50% augmentation in pupillary light response (PLR) compared to pre-bright light PLR during a one minute dim blue light exposure after bright light exposure)

nervous system phenotype

absent photoreceptor outer segment

Genotype: Tlr4^Lps-d/Tlr4^Lps-d
involves: C3H/HeJ

immune system phenotype

abnormal T-helper 2 physiology
- Th2 responses elevated after induction of autoimmune arthritis

abnormal osteoclast differentiation
- antibody to IFN-beta or to IFNAR1 reverses inhibition of osteoclast formation induced by RANKL
- lipopolysaccharide fails to inhibit RANKL induced osteoclast formation as it does in controls

abnormal tumor necrosis factor level
- diminished TNF alpha expression after 90 minutes of liver ischemia followed by 6 hours of reperfusion
- macrophage primary but not secondary necrotic cells with residual stimulatory affect on TNF alpha production by macrophage

increased susceptibility to bacterial infection
- increased K. pneumoniae levels in the lung
- increased sensitivity to gram (-) infection
- low responsiveness of spleen cells to lipopolysaccharides
- significantly shortened survival after infection with Klebsiella pneumoniae

increased susceptibility to induced arthritis
- reduced susceptibility to arthritis induced by type II collagen

hearing/vestibular/ear phenotype

hearing/vestibular/ear phenotype
- cisplatin and lipopolysaccharide treatment does not lead to significant increases in auditory brainstem response as is observed in controls

behavior/neurological phenotype

hyporesponsive to tactile stimuli
- reduced mechanical allodynia after nerve injury

increased thermal nociceptive threshold
- attenuated response to heat

skeleton phenotype

abnormal osteoclast differentiation
- antibody to IFN-beta or to IFNAR1 reverses inhibition of osteoclast formation induced by RANKL
- lipopolysaccharide fails to inhibit RANKL induced osteoclast formation as it does in controls

increased susceptibility to induced arthritis
- reduced susceptibility to arthritis induced by type II collagen

muscle phenotype

muscle phenotype
- MCP-1 (monocyte chemoattractant protein-1) release from isolated mouse aorta smooth muscle cells (MAoSMC) by stimulation with dsRNA is normal relative to controls

integument phenotype

hyporesponsive to tactile stimuli
- reduced mechanical allodynia after nerve injury

increased thermal nociceptive threshold
- attenuated response to heat

nervous system phenotype

abnormal glial cell apoptosis
- isolated microglia exposed to LPS are resistant to apoptosis

homeostasis/metabolism phenotype

abnormal circulating enzyme level
- increased HO-1 expression
- myeloperoxidase levels are reduced after 90 minutes of liver ischemia followed by 6 hours of reperfusion

abnormal tumor necrosis factor level
- diminished TNF alpha expression after 90 minutes of liver ischemia followed by 6 hours of reperfusion
- macrophage primary but not secondary necrotic cells with residual stimulatory affect on TNF alpha production by macrophage

decreased circulating alanine transaminase level
- serum levels decreased after 90 minutes of liver ischemia followed by 6 hours of reperfusion

hematopoietic system phenotype

abnormal T-helper 2 physiology
- Th2 responses elevated after induction of autoimmune arthritis

abnormal osteoclast differentiation
- antibody to IFN-beta or to IFNAR1 reverses inhibition of osteoclast formation induced by RANKL
- lipopolysaccharide fails to inhibit RANKL induced osteoclast formation as it does in controls

cellular phenotype

abnormal glial cell apoptosis
- isolated microglia exposed to LPS are resistant to apoptosis

abnormal osteoclast differentiation
- antibody to IFN-beta or to IFNAR1 reverses inhibition of osteoclast formation induced by RANKL
- lipopolysaccharide fails to inhibit RANKL induced osteoclast formation as it does in controls

Genotype: Tlr4^Lps-d/Tlr4^Lps-d
C3H/HeJ-Tlr4^Lps-d

mortality/aging

decreased sensitivity to induced morbidity/mortality
- bacterial lipoteichoic acid exposure after priming by IFNgamma and sensitization with D-galactosamine induces lethal shock in Tlr4-deficient mutants, while Tlr2- and Tlr2/4-doubly deficient mice are protected
- heat-inactivated E. coli exposure results in fatal toxemia as in wild type mice
- heat-inactivated E. coli exposure results in fatal toxemia as in wild-type mice
- systemic challenge with Myr₃-CSK₄ (a synthetic lipopeptide) after D-galactosamine induces lethal shock in wild-type mice, but mutants are protected

increased susceptibility to viral infection induced morbidity/mortality
- 10 days after intranasal infection with 5 x 10⁵ pfu Vac-GFL 70% of mice succumb unlike wild-type controls that all survive

respiratory system phenotype

abnormal pulmonary alveolus morphology
- destruction of normal alveolar structures

abnormal respiratory system morphology

abnormal respiratory system physiology

dilated pulmonary alveolar ducts
- enlarged air spaces distal to the terminal bronchioles

enlarged lung
- significantly increased lung volume at 3 months of age in contrast to normal body weights through 12 months

lung inflammation
- no increase in white blood cells or neutrophiles in bronchoalveolar fluid
- white blood cells and neutrophiles are not detected by myeloperoxidase assay

pulmonary edema
- less protein leakage into bronchoalveolar lavage fluid after lipopolysaccharide inhalation
- resistant to lipopolysaccharide induced lung interstitial edema

nervous system phenotype

abnormal microglial cell physiology
- resistant to lipopolysaccharide induced apoptosis

abnormal myelin sheath morphology
- increased myelin destruction at site of spinal cord injury
- no clear delineation between injured and spared tissues

abnormal nervous system morphology

decreased cerebral infarction size
- damage due to middle cerebral artery occlusion is considerably reduced
- infarctions due to cerebral ischemia/reperfusion are smaller in size

decreased neuron apoptosis
- neurons are resistant to apoptosis caused by glucose deficiency

decreased susceptibility to ischemic brain injury
- less inflammation after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion
- less nerve cell swelling after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion
- reduced brain edema after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion
- reduced neurological impairment after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion

behavior/neurological phenotype

abnormal locomotor behavior
- locomotor recovery impaired as measured 4-6 weeks after spinal cord injury

abnormal motor coordination/balance
- impaired recovery of fore-limb-hindlimb coordination as measured 4-6 weeks after spinal cord injury

skeleton phenotype

decreased susceptibility to bone fracture
- bones resistant to fracture

increased bone mass
- increased bone area of the tibia

increased bone mineral content
- greater mineral content

increased bone mineral density
- density continues to increase over time
- significantly increased bone mineral density at 20 weeks

muscle phenotype

abnormal muscle cell glucose uptake
- insulin stimulated glucose uptake by soleus muscle is not affected by palmitate treatment or by other fatty acids

cellular phenotype

abnormal macrophage chemotaxis
- robust macrophage response at the site of spinal injury

abnormal muscle cell glucose uptake
- insulin stimulated glucose uptake by soleus muscle is not affected by palmitate treatment or by other fatty acids

decreased hepatocyte apoptosis
- hepatocyte cell death is reduced compared to controls after BDL

decreased neuron apoptosis
- neurons are resistant to apoptosis caused by glucose deficiency

growth/size/body region phenotype

decreased body size
- always smaller than controls

decreased body weight
- food intake comparable to controls
- lower body weight than controls after 8 weeks on a high fat diet
- weights are 15% lower than controls after 8 months on a high fat diet

decreased susceptibility to weight loss
- reduced weight loss following infection with Vac-GFL

immune system phenotype

abnormal cytokine level
- keratinocyte derived cytokine levels in lungs are unaffected by lipopolysaccharide
- macrophage inflammatory protein-2 levels in lungs are unaffected by lipopolysaccharide

abnormal interleukin level
- Il-6 levels in lungs are unaffected by lipopolysaccharide
- il6 levels increase less on a high fat diet than in controls

abnormal macrophage chemotaxis
- robust macrophage response at the site of spinal injury

abnormal microglial cell physiology
- resistant to lipopolysaccharide induced apoptosis

abnormal phagocyte morphology
- however, response to stimulation with TLR9 or TLR7 and TLR8 with their ligands (CpG and R848, respectively) is similar to in wild-type cells
- phagocytes fail to respond to LPS stimulation

abnormal spleen weight
- spleen weight fails to increase with dextran sodium sulfate treatment as it does in controls

abnormal tumor necrosis factor level
- TNF alpha levels in lungs are unaffected by lipopolysaccharide
- less increase in TNF alpha on a high fat diet than in controls

altered susceptibility to infection
- following intranasal infection with 1x10⁴ pfu Vac-GFL (a recombinant vaccinia virus that expresses a reporter protein) weight loss is reduced at 1 - 3 and 7 - 8 days after infection but the decrease in body temperature is more severe at 4 - 7 days afteinfection and viral replication is increaseddays afteinfection and viral replication is increased

increased circulating interleukin-6 level
- increased levels after 7 days of dextran sodium sulfate treatment

increased susceptibility to viral infection induced morbidity/mortality
- 10 days after intranasal infection with 5 x 10⁵ pfu Vac-GFL 70% of mice succumb unlike wild-type controls that all survive

liver inflammation
- after BDL, necroinflammatory foci and lymphocytic infiltration are obviously less than in controls

lung inflammation
- no increase in white blood cells or neutrophiles in bronchoalveolar fluid
- white blood cells and neutrophiles are not detected by myeloperoxidase assay

hematopoietic system phenotype

abnormal macrophage chemotaxis
- robust macrophage response at the site of spinal injury

abnormal microglial cell physiology
- resistant to lipopolysaccharide induced apoptosis

abnormal phagocyte morphology
- however, response to stimulation with TLR9 or TLR7 and TLR8 with their ligands (CpG and R848, respectively) is similar to in wild-type cells
- phagocytes fail to respond to LPS stimulation

abnormal spleen weight
- spleen weight fails to increase with dextran sodium sulfate treatment as it does in controls

hematopoietic system phenotype
- B cell apoptosis in Peyer's patch is not observed after bile duct ligation (BDL)

homeostasis/metabolism phenotype

abnormal circulating glucose level
- faster disappearance of glucose in response to insulin when on a high fat diet

abnormal circulating leptin level
- increase in blood leptin on a high fat diet is 36% less than in controls

abnormal cytokine level
- keratinocyte derived cytokine levels in lungs are unaffected by lipopolysaccharide
- macrophage inflammatory protein-2 levels in lungs are unaffected by lipopolysaccharide

abnormal fatty acid level
- less elevated than for controls on a high fat diet

abnormal gas homeostasis

abnormal glucose homeostasis

abnormal interleukin level
- Il-6 levels in lungs are unaffected by lipopolysaccharide
- il6 levels increase less on a high fat diet than in controls

abnormal lipid level

abnormal tumor necrosis factor level
- TNF alpha levels in lungs are unaffected by lipopolysaccharide
- less increase in TNF alpha on a high fat diet than in controls

decreased body temperature
- more severe reduction in body temperature following infection with Vac-GFL

decreased cerebral infarction size
- damage due to middle cerebral artery occlusion is considerably reduced
- infarctions due to cerebral ischemia/reperfusion are smaller in size

decreased circulating insulin level
- lower blood insulin levels when on a high fat diet

decreased liver triglyceride level
- less increase in hepatic triglycerides on a high fat diet than in controls

decreased respiratory quotient
- lower respiratory exchange ratio

decreased susceptibility to ischemic brain injury
- less inflammation after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion
- less nerve cell swelling after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion
- reduced brain edema after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion
- reduced neurological impairment after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion

homeostasis/metabolism phenotype
- after BDL, serum alanine transaminase levels are not different from controls

improved glucose tolerance
- lower blood glucose in a glucose tolerance test when on a high fat diet

increased adiponectin level
- levels remain elevated on a high fat diet

increased circulating interleukin-6 level
- increased levels after 7 days of dextran sodium sulfate treatment

increased oxygen consumption
- oxygen consumption is higher after 8 weeks on a high fat diet than controls

pulmonary edema
- less protein leakage into bronchoalveolar lavage fluid after lipopolysaccharide inhalation
- resistant to lipopolysaccharide induced lung interstitial edema

liver/biliary system phenotype

abnormal hepatocyte morphology
- confluent foci of feathery hepatocyte degeneration due to bile acid cytotoxicity are significantly reduced compared to controls 24 hours after BDL

abnormal liver physiology
- liver protected from ischemia/reperfusion injury

decreased hepatocyte apoptosis
- hepatocyte cell death is reduced compared to controls after BDL

decreased liver triglyceride level
- less increase in hepatic triglycerides on a high fat diet than in controls

focal hepatic necrosis

liver inflammation
- after BDL, necroinflammatory foci and lymphocytic infiltration are obviously less than in controls

adipose tissue phenotype

decreased epididymal fat pad weight
- reduced 40% compared to controls when on a high fat diet
- weight similar to controls on a normal diet

decreased fat cell size
- adipocyte size reduced 30% relative to controls on a high fat diet
- reduced aggregation of macrophage around dying adipocytes than in controls

decreased percent body fat/body weight
- 70% less body fat

cardiovascular system phenotype

rectal hemorrhage
- recover from bleeding after 10 days of treatment when 50% of controls are dead
- rectal bleeding after 7 days of dextrose sodium sulfate treatment is reduced relative to controls

digestive/alimentary phenotype

rectal hemorrhage
- recover from bleeding after 10 days of treatment when 50% of controls are dead
- rectal bleeding after 7 days of dextrose sodium sulfate treatment is reduced relative to controls

Phenotype Information

Body Weight Information - JAX^® Mice Strain C3H/HeJ (000659)

References

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Additional - Ahr^b-2

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Additional - Cd5^a

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Additional - Gria4^spkw1

Beyer B; Deleuze C; Letts VA; Mahaffey CL; Boumil RM; Lew TA; Huguenard JR; Frankel WN. 2008. Absence seizures in C3H/HeJ and knockout mice caused by mutation of the AMPA receptor subunit Gria4. (12): 1738-49. PubMed: 18316356 MGI: 136907
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Additional - Pde6b^rd1

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Jagannath A; Hughes S; Abdelgany A; Pothecary CA; Di Pretoro S; Pires SS; Vachtsevanos A; Pilorz V; Brown LA; Hossbach M; MacLaren RE; Halford S; Gatti S; Hankins MW; Wood MJ; Foster RG; Peirson SN. 2015. Isoforms of Melanopsin Mediate Different Behavioral Responses to Light. (18): 2430-4. PubMed: 26320947 MGI: 257740
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Additional - Tlr4^Lps-d

Yoshida S; Goto Y; Miyamoto H; Fujio H; Mizuguchi Y. 1991. Association of Lps gene with natural resistance of mouse macrophages against Legionella pneumophila. (1): 51-6. PubMed: 1815711 MGI: 657
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Goodridge HS; Marshall FA; Else KJ; Houston KM; Egan C; Al-Riyami L; Liew FY; Harnett W; Harnett MM. 2005. Immunomodulation via novel use of TLR4 by the filarial nematode phosphorylcholine-containing secreted product, ES-62. (1): 284-93. PubMed: 15611251 MGI: 96848
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Hogan MM; Yancey KB; Vogel SN. 1989. Role of C5a in the induction of tumoricidal activity in C3H/HeJ (Lpsd) and C3H/OuJ (Lpsn) macrophages. (6): 565-70. PubMed: 2509612 MGI: 24730
Barber SA; Perera PY; Vogel SN. 1995. Defective ceramide response in C3H/HeJ (Lpsd) macrophages. (5): 2303-5. PubMed: 7650365 MGI: 28291
Apte RN; Ascher O; Pluznik DH. 1977. Relationship between lipopolysaccharide-induced serum colony stimulating factor and interferon in regulation of murine granulopoiesis (Suppl 2): 12 (Abstr.). MGI: 30827
Lange S; Delbro DS; Jennische E; Mattsby-Baltzer I. 1996. The role of the Lps gene in experimental ulcerative colitis in mice. (11): 823-33. PubMed: 8982246 MGI: 37427
Takakuwa T; Knopf HP; Sing A; Carsetti R; Galanos C; Freudenberg MA. 1996. Induction of CD14 expression in Lpsn, Lpsd and tumor necrosis factor receptor-deficient mice. (11): 2686-92. PubMed: 8921956 MGI: 36608
Poltorak A; He X; Smirnova I; Liu MY; Huffel CV; Du X; Birdwell D; Alejos E; Silva M; Galanos C; Freudenberg M; Ricciardi-Castagnoli P; Layton B; Beutler B. 1998. Defective LPS signaling in C3H/HeJ and C57BL/10ScCr mice: mutations in Tlr4 gene. (5396): 2085-8. PubMed: 9851930 MGI: 51971
Hoshino K; Takeuchi O; Kawai T; Sanjo H; Ogawa T; Takeda Y; Takeda K; Akira S. 1999. Cutting edge: Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)-deficient mice are hyporesponsive to lipopolysaccharide: evidence for TLR4 as the Lps gene product. (7): 3749-52. PubMed: 10201887 MGI: 54036
Steiner AA; Chakravarty S; Rudaya AY; Herkenham M; Romanovsky AA. 2006. Bacterial lipopolysaccharide fever is initiated via Toll-like receptor 4 on hematopoietic cells. (10): 4000-2. PubMed: 16403908 MGI: 133833
Vogel SN; Johnson D; Perera PY; Medvedev A; Lariviere L; Qureshi ST ; Malo D. 1999. Cutting edge: functional characterization of the effect of the C3H/HeJ defect in mice that lack an Lpsn gene: in vivo evidence for a dominant negative mutation. (10): 5666-70. PubMed: 10229796 MGI: 55756
Ohashi K; Burkart V; Flohe S; Kolb H. 2000. Cutting edge: heat shock protein 60 is a putative endogenous ligand of the toll-like receptor-4 complex. (2): 558-61. PubMed: 10623794 MGI: 60237
Qureshi ST; Lariviere L; Leveque G; Clermont S; Moore KJ; Gros P ; Malo D. 1999. Endotoxin-tolerant mice have mutations in Toll-like receptor 4 (Tlr4) [see comments] (4): 615-25. PubMed: 9989976 MGI: 53852
Wright SD; Burton C; Hernandez M; Hassing H; Montenegro J; Mundt S; Patel S; Card DJ; Hermanowski-Vosatka A; Bergstrom JD; Sparrow CP; Detmers PA; Chao YS. 2000. Infectious agents are not necessary for murine atherogenesis. (8): 1437-42. PubMed: 10770809 MGI: 62665
Peyssonnaux C; Zinkernagel AS; Datta V; Lauth X; Johnson RS; Nizet V. 2006. TLR4-dependent hepcidin expression by myeloid cells in response to bacterial pathogens. (9): 3727-32. PubMed: 16391018 MGI: 133651
Wang MJ; Jeng KC; Shih PC. 2000. Differential expression and regulation of macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1alpha and MIP-2 genes by alveolar and peritoneal macrophages in LPS-hyporesponsive C3H/HeJ mice (2): 88-95. PubMed: 11069716 MGI: 66769
De Filippo K; Henderson RB; Laschinger M; Hogg N. 2008. Neutrophil Chemokines KC and Macrophage-Inflammatory Protein-2 Are Newly Synthesized by Tissue Macrophages Using Distinct TLR Signaling Pathways. (6): 4308-15. PubMed: 18322244 MGI: 134043
Wang X; Moser C; Louboutin JP; Lysenko ES; Weiner DJ; Weiser JN; Wilson JM. 2002. Toll-like receptor 4 mediates innate immune responses to Haemophilus influenzae infection in mouse lung. (2): 810-5. PubMed: 11777976 MGI: 74693
Hasegawa T; Matsuguchi T; Noda K; Tanaka K; Kumamoto S; Shoyama Y; Yoshikai Y. 2002. Toll-like receptor 2 is at least partly involved in the antitumor activity of glycoprotein from Chlorella vulgaris. (4): 579-89. PubMed: 11962736 MGI: 77072
Stewart PW; Chapes SK. 2003. Role of major histocompatibility complex class II in resistance of mice to naturally acquired infection with Syphacia obvelata. (1): 70-4. PubMed: 12625509 MGI: 83299
Malley R; Henneke P; Morse SC; Cieslewicz MJ; Lipsitch M; Thompson CM; Kurt-Jones E; Paton JC; Wessels MR; Golenbock DT. 2003. Recognition of pneumolysin by Toll-like receptor 4 confers resistance to pneumococcal infection. (4): 1966-71. PubMed: 12569171 MGI: 82949
Andonegui G; Bonder CS; Green F; Mullaly SC; Zbytnuik L; Raharjo E; Kubes P. 2003. Endothelium-derived Toll-like receptor-4 is the key molecule in LPS-induced neutrophil sequestration into lungs. (7): 1011-20. PubMed: 12671050 MGI: 83597
Fairweather D; Yusung S; Frisancho S; Barrett M; Gatewood S; Steele R; Rose NR. 2003. IL-12 Receptor beta1 and Toll-Like Receptor 4 Increase IL-1beta- and IL-18-Associated Myocarditis and Coxsackievirus Replication. (9): 4731-7. PubMed: 12707353 MGI: 83994
Jude BA; Pobezinskaya Y; Bishop J; Parke S; Medzhitov RM; Chervonsky AV; Golovkina TV. 2003. Subversion of the innate immune system by a retrovirus. (6): 573-8. PubMed: 12730691 MGI: 84062
Higgins SC; Lavelle EC; McCann C; Keogh B; McNeela E; Byrne P; O'Gorman B; Jarnicki A; McGuirk P; Mills KH. 2003. Toll-like receptor 4-mediated innate IL-10 activates antigen-specific regulatory T cells and confers resistance to Bordetella pertussis by inhibiting inflammatory pathology. (6): 3119-27. PubMed: 12960338 MGI: 86367
Eisenbarth SC; Zhadkevich A; Ranney P; Herrick CA; Bottomly K. 2004. IL-4-dependent Th2 collateral priming to inhaled antigens independent of Toll-like receptor 4 and myeloid differentiation factor 88. (7): 4527-34. PubMed: 15034070 MGI: 89709
Palliser D; Huang Q; Hacohen N; Lamontagne SP; Guillen E; Young RA; Eisen HN. 2004. A role for Toll-like receptor 4 in dendritic cell activation and cytolytic CD8+ T cell differentiation in response to a recombinant heat shock fusion protein. (5): 2885-93. PubMed: 14978090 MGI: 89214
Cunningham PN; Wang Y; Guo R; He G; Quigg RJ. 2004. Role of Toll-like receptor 4 in endotoxin-induced acute renal failure. (4): 2629-35. PubMed: 14764737 MGI: 89042
Mann PB; Kennett MJ; Harvill ET. 2004. Toll-like receptor 4 is critical to innate host defense in a murine model of bordetellosis. (5): 833-6. PubMed: 14976600 MGI: 89572
McCartney-Francis N; Jin W; Wahl SM. 2004. Aberrant Toll receptor expression and endotoxin hypersensitivity in mice lacking a functional TGF-beta 1 signaling pathway. (6): 3814-21. PubMed: 15004187 MGI: 89589
Braedel S; Radsak M; Einsele H; Latge JP; Michan A; Loeffler J; Haddad Z; Grigoleit U; Schild H; Hebart H. 2004. Aspergillus fumigatus antigens activate innate immune cells via toll-like receptors 2 and 4. (3): 392-9. PubMed: 15086422 MGI: 90249
Velazquez P; Wei B; McPherson M; Mendoza LM; Nguyen SL; Turovskaya O; Kronenberg M; Huang TT; Schrage M; Lobato LN; Fujiwara D; Brewer S; Arditi M; Cheng G; Sartor RB; Newberry RD; Braun J. 2008. Villous B cells of the small intestine are specialized for invariant NK T cell dependence. (7): 4629-38. PubMed: 18354186 MGI: 134192
Branger J; Knapp S; Weijer S; Leemans JC; Pater JM; Speelman P; Florquin S; van der Poll T. 2004. Role of Toll-like receptor 4 in gram-positive and gram-negative pneumonia in mice. (2): 788-94. PubMed: 14742522 MGI: 88790
Campos MA; Rosinha GM; Almeida IC; Salgueiro XS; Jarvis BW; Splitter GA; Qureshi N; Bruna-Romero O; Gazzinelli RT; Oliveira SC. 2004. Role of Toll-like receptor 4 in induction of cell-mediated immunity and resistance to Brucella abortus infection in mice. (1): 176-86. PubMed: 14688095 MGI: 88819
Mann PB; Elder KD; Kennett MJ; Harvill ET. 2004. Toll-like receptor 4-dependent early elicited tumor necrosis factor alpha expression is critical for innate host defense against Bordetella bronchiseptica. (11): 6650-8. PubMed: 15501798 MGI: 94253
Vazquez-Torres A; Vallance BA; Bergman MA; Finlay BB; Cookson BT; Jones-Carson J; Fang FC. 2004. Toll-like receptor 4 dependence of innate and adaptive immunity to Salmonella: importance of the Kupffer cell network. (10): 6202-8. PubMed: 15128808 MGI: 90839
Ehl S; Bischoff R; Ostler T; Vallbracht S; Schulte-Monting J; Poltorak A; Freudenberg M. 2004. The role of Toll-like receptor 4 versus interleukin-12 in immunity to respiratory syncytial virus. (4): 1146-53. PubMed: 15048726 MGI: 89863
Da Costa CU; Wantia N; Kirschning CJ; Busch DH; Rodriguez N; Wagner H; Miethke T. 2004. Heat shock protein 60 from Chlamydia pneumoniae elicits an unusual set of inflammatory responses via Toll-like receptor 2 and 4 in vivo. (10): 2874. PubMed: 15368304 MGI: 93320
Li Q; Cherayil BJ. 2004. Toll-like receptor 4 mutation impairs the macrophage TNFalpha response to peptidoglycan. (1): 91-6. PubMed: 15522205 MGI: 94516
Ruckdeschel K; Pfaffinger G; Haase R; Sing A; Weighardt H; Hacker G; Holzmann B; Heesemann J. 2004. Signaling of apoptosis through TLRs critically involves toll/IL-1 receptor domain-containing adapter inducing IFN-beta, but not MyD88, in bacteria-infected murine macrophages. (5): 3320-8. PubMed: 15322195 MGI: 93663
Jang S; Uematsu S; Akira S; Salgame P. 2004. IL-6 and IL-10 induction from dendritic cells in response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis is predominantly dependent on TLR2-mediated recognition. (5): 3392-7. PubMed: 15322203 MGI: 93701
Moayeri M; Martinez NW; Wiggins J; Young HA; Leppla SH. 2004. Mouse susceptibility to anthrax lethal toxin is influenced by genetic factors in addition to those controlling macrophage sensitivity. (8): 4439-47. PubMed: 15271901 MGI: 92764
Zamboni DS; Campos MA; Torrecilhas AC; Kiss K; Samuel JE; Golenbock DT; Lauw FN; Roy CR; Almeida IC; Gazzinelli RT. 2004. Stimulation of toll-like receptor 2 by Coxiella burnetii is required for macrophage production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and resistance to infection. (52): 54405-15. PubMed: 15485838 MGI: 96147
Dabbagh K; Dahl ME; Stepick-Biek P; Lewis DB. 2002. Toll-like receptor 4 is required for optimal development of Th2 immune responses: role of dendritic cells. (9): 4524-30. PubMed: 11970998 MGI: 115079
Schurr JR; Young E; Byrne P; Steele C; Shellito JE; Kolls JK. 2005. Central role of toll-like receptor 4 signaling and host defense in experimental pneumonia caused by Gram-negative bacteria. (1): 532-45. PubMed: 15618193 MGI: 95829
Oliveira AC; Peixoto JR; de Arruda LB; Campos MA; Gazzinelli RT; Golenbock DT; Akira S; Previato JO; Mendonca-Previato L; Nobrega A; Bellio M. 2004. Expression of functional TLR4 confers proinflammatory responsiveness to Trypanosoma cruzi glycoinositolphospholipids and higher resistance to infection with T. cruzi. (9): 5688-96. PubMed: 15494520 MGI: 94757
Tanga FY; Nutile-McMenemy N; Deleo JA. 2005. The CNS role of Toll-like receptor 4 in innate neuroimmunity and painful neuropathy. (16): 5856-61. PubMed: 15809417 MGI: 98844
Jeyaseelan S; Chu HW; Young SK; Freeman MW; Worthen GS. 2005. Distinct roles of pattern recognition receptors CD14 and Toll-like receptor 4 in acute lung injury. (3): 1754-63. PubMed: 15731076 MGI: 97673
Meng X; Ao L; Song Y; Raeburn CD; Fullerton DA; Harken AH. 2005. Signaling for myocardial depression in hemorrhagic shock: roles of Toll-like receptor 4 and p55 TNF-alpha receptor. (3): R600-6. PubMed: 15514106 MGI: 97308
Lee EK; Kang SM; Paik DJ; Kim JM; Youn J. 2005. Essential roles of Toll-like receptor-4 signaling in arthritis induced by type II collagen antibody and LPS. (3): 325-33. PubMed: 15684036 MGI: 97348
Tsung A; Sahai R; Tanaka H; Nakao A; Fink MP; Lotze MT; Yang H; Li J; Tracey KJ; Geller DA; Billiar TR. 2005. The nuclear factor HMGB1 mediates hepatic injury after murine liver ischemia-reperfusion. (7): 1135-43. PubMed: 15795240 MGI: 99061
Zhou Q; Desta T; Fenton M; Graves DT; Amar S. 2005. Cytokine profiling of macrophages exposed to Porphyromonas gingivalis, its lipopolysaccharide, or its FimA protein. (2): 935-43. PubMed: 15664935 MGI: 96765
Barsness KA; Arcaroli J; Harken AH; Abraham E; Banerjee A; Reznikov L; McIntyre RC. 2004. Hemorrhage-induced acute lung injury is TLR-4 dependent. (3): R592-9. PubMed: 15072965 MGI: 96780
Hollestelle SC; De Vries MR; Van Keulen JK; Schoneveld AH; Vink A; Strijder CF; Van Middelaar BJ; Pasterkamp G; Quax PH; De Kleijn DP. 2004. Toll-like receptor 4 is involved in outward arterial remodeling. (3): 393-8. PubMed: 14699006 MGI: 103062
Kilic U; Kilic E; Matter CM; Bassetti CL; Hermann DM. 2008. TLR-4 deficiency protects against focal cerebral ischemia and axotomy-induced neurodegeneration. (1): 33-40. PubMed: 18486483 MGI: 139475
Yang R; Murillo FM; Delannoy MJ; Blosser RL; Yutzy WH 4th; Uematsu S; Takeda K; Akira S; Viscidi RP; Roden RB. 2005. B lymphocyte activation by human papillomavirus-like particles directly induces Ig class switch recombination via TLR4-MyD88. (12): 7912-9. PubMed: 15944297 MGI: 101927
Schaefer L; Babelova A; Kiss E; Hausser HJ; Baliova M; Krzyzankova M; Marsche G; Young MF; Mihalik D; Gotte M; Malle E; Schaefer RM; Grone HJ. 2005. The matrix component biglycan is proinflammatory and signals through Toll-like receptors 4 and 2 in macrophages. (8): 2223-2233. PubMed: 16025156 MGI: 101255
Mueller M; Postius S; Thimm JG; Gueinzius K; Muehldorfer I; Hermann C. 2004. Toll-like receptors 2 and 4 do not contribute to clearance of Chlamydophila pneumoniae in mice, but are necessary for the release of monokines. (8): 599-608. PubMed: 15638128 MGI: 102982
Geisel RE; Sakamoto K; Russell DG; Rhoades ER. 2005. In vivo activity of released cell wall lipids of Mycobacterium bovis bacillus Calmette-Guerin is due principally to trehalose mycolates. (8): 5007-15. PubMed: 15814731 MGI: 99177
Bunt SK; Clements VK; Hanson EM; Sinha P; Ostrand-Rosenberg S. 2009. Inflammation enhances myeloid-derived suppressor cell cross-talk by signaling through Toll-like receptor 4. (6): 996-1004. PubMed: 19261929 MGI: 150859
Prince LS; Okoh VO; Moninger TO; Matalon S. 2004. Lipopolysaccharide increases alveolar type II cell number in fetal mouse lungs through Toll-like receptor 4 and NF-kappaB. (5): L999-1006. PubMed: 15475494 MGI: 99242
Jung DY; Lee H; Jung BY; Ock J; Lee MS; Lee WH; Suk K. 2005. TLR4, but not TLR2, signals autoregulatory apoptosis of cultured microglia: a critical role of IFN-beta as a decision maker. (10): 6467-76. PubMed: 15879150 MGI: 100077
Cole BC; Mu HH; Pennock ND; Hasebe A; Chan FV; Washburn LR; Peltier MR. 2005. Isolation and partial purification of macrophage- and dendritic cell-activating components from Mycoplasma arthritidis: association with organism virulence and involvement with Toll-like receptor 2. (9): 6039-47. PubMed: 16113324 MGI: 101455
Ito Y; Kawamura I; Kohda C; Tsuchiya K; Nomura T; Mitsuyama M. 2005. Seeligeriolysin O, a protein toxin of Listeria seeligeri, stimulates macrophage cytokine production via Toll-like receptors in a profile different from that induced by other bacterial ligands. (12): 1597-606. PubMed: 16291660 MGI: 104722
Mortaz E; Redegeld FA; Nijkamp FP; Wong HR; Engels F. 2006. Acetylsalicylic acid-induced release of HSP70 from mast cells results in cell activation through TLR pathway. (1): 8-18. PubMed: 16413386 MGI: 105648
Bauer AK; Dixon D; DeGraff LM; Cho HY; Walker CR; Malkinson AM; Kleeberger SR. 2005. Toll-like receptor 4 in butylated hydroxytoluene-induced mouse pulmonary inflammation and tumorigenesis. (23): 1778-81. PubMed: 16333033 MGI: 105730
Tavener SA; Long EM; Robbins SM; McRae KM; Van Remmen H; Kubes P. 2004. Immune cell Toll-like receptor 4 is required for cardiac myocyte impairment during endotoxemia. (7): 700-7. PubMed: 15358664 MGI: 102556
Oyama J; Blais C Jr; Liu X; Pu M; Kobzik L; Kelly RA; Bourcier T. 2004. Reduced myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in toll-like receptor 4-deficient mice. (6): 784-9. PubMed: 14970116 MGI: 103218
van Rossum AM; Lysenko ES; Weiser JN. 2005. Host and bacterial factors contributing to the clearance of colonization by Streptococcus pneumoniae in a murine model. (11): 7718-26. PubMed: 16239576 MGI: 105363
Mann PB; Wolfe D; Latz E; Golenbock D; Preston A; Harvill ET. 2005. Comparative toll-like receptor 4-mediated innate host defense to Bordetella infection. (12): 8144-52. PubMed: 16299309 MGI: 105369
Kerepesi LA; Leon O; Lustigman S; Abraham D. 2005. Protective immunity to the larval stages of onchocerca volvulus is dependent on Toll-like receptor 4. (12): 8291-7. PubMed: 16299326 MGI: 105374
Mahieu T; Park JM; Revets H; Pasche B; Lengeling A; Staelens J; Wullaert A; Vanlaere I; Hochepied T; van Roy F; Karin M; Libert C. 2006. The wild-derived inbred mouse strain SPRET/Ei is resistant to LPS and defective in IFN-beta production. (7): 2292-7. PubMed: 16455798 MGI: 107140
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Ha T; Li Y; Hua F; Ma J; Gao X; Kelley J; Zhao A; Haddad GE; Williams DL; William Browder I; Kao RL; Li C. 2005. Reduced cardiac hypertrophy in toll-like receptor 4-deficient mice following pressure overload. (2): 224-34. PubMed: 15967420 MGI: 107432
Herter S; Osterloh P; Hilf N; Rechtsteiner G; Hohfeld J; Rammensee HG; Schild H. 2005. Dendritic cell aggresome-like-induced structure formation and delayed antigen presentation coincide in influenza virus-infected dendritic cells. (2): 891-8. PubMed: 16002687 MGI: 101769
Coutinho A; Moller G; Gronowicz E. 1975. Genetical control of B-cell responses. IV. Inheritance of the unresponsiveness to lipopolysaccharides. (1): 253-8. PubMed: 1097575 MGI: 5546
Skidmore BJ; Chiller JM; Weigle WO; Riblet R; Watson J. 1976. Immunologic properties of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS). III. Genetic linkage between the in vitro mitogenic and in vivo adjuvant properties of LPS. (1): 143-50. PubMed: 1244416 MGI: 5582
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John B; Crispe IN. 2005. TLR-4 regulates CD8+ T cell trapping in the liver. (3): 1643-50. PubMed: 16034104 MGI: 108358
Burch LH; Yang IV; Whitehead GS; Chao FG; Berman KG; Schwartz DA. 2006. The transcriptional response to lipopolysaccharide reveals a role for interferon-gamma in lung neutrophil recruitment. (4): L677-82. PubMed: 16766576 MGI: 145497
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Milanski M; Arruda AP; Coope A; Ignacio-Souza LM; Nunez CE; Roman EA; Romanatto T; Pascoal LB; Caricilli AM; Torsoni MA; Prada PO; Saad MJ; Velloso LA. 2012. Inhibition of hypothalamic inflammation reverses diet-induced insulin resistance in the liver. (6): 1455-62. PubMed: 22522614 MGI: 197919
An CH; Wang XM; Lam HC; Ifedigbo E; Washko GR; Ryter SW; Choi AM. 2012. TLR4 deficiency promotes autophagy during cigarette smoke-induced pulmonary emphysema. (9): L748-57. PubMed: 22983353 MGI: 194757
Chen L; Guo S; Ranzer MJ; DiPietro LA. 2013. Toll-like receptor 4 has an essential role in early skin wound healing. Erratum 2014 page 583 (1): 258-67. PubMed: 22951730 MGI: 197579
Thaete LG; Qu XW; Jilling T; Crawford SE; Fitchev P; Hirsch E; Khan S; Neerhof MG. 2013. Impact of toll-like receptor 4 deficiency on the response to uterine ischemia/reperfusion in mice. (5): 517-26. PubMed: 23509372 MGI: 199019
Lee SJ; Kang JH; Choi SY; Suk KT; Kim DJ; Kwon OS. 2013. PKCdelta as a regulator for TGFbeta1-induced alpha-SMA production in a murine nonalcoholic steatohepatitis model. (2): e55979. PubMed: 23441159 MGI: 200508
Han H; Xu W; Headley MB; Jessup HK; Lee KS; Omori M; Comeau MR; Marshak-Rothstein A; Ziegler SF. 2012. Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP)-mediated dermal inflammation aggravates experimental asthma. (3): 342-51. PubMed: 22354320 MGI: 200655
Patnode ML; Bando JK; Krummel MF; Locksley RM; Rosen SD. 2014. Leukotriene B4 amplifies eosinophil accumulation in response to nematodes. (7): 1281-8. PubMed: 24889202 MGI: 215559
Ignacio-Souza LM; Bombassaro B; Pascoal LB; Portovedo MA; Razolli DS; Coope A; Victorio SC; de Moura RF; Nascimento LF; Arruda AP; Anhe GF; Milanski M; Velloso LA. 2014. Defective regulation of the ubiquitin/proteasome system in the hypothalamus of obese male mice. (8): 2831-44. PubMed: 24892821 MGI: 215556
Souza AC; Tsuji T; Baranova IN; Bocharov AV; Wilkins KJ; Street JM; Alvarez-Prats A; Hu X; Eggerman T; Yuen PS; Star RA. 2015. TLR4 mutant mice are protected from renal fibrosis and chronic kidney disease progression. (9): . PubMed: 26416975 MGI: 230711
Zhang B; Choi JJ; Eum SY; Daunert S; Toborek M. 2013. TLR4 signaling is involved in brain vascular toxicity of PCB153 bound to nanoparticles. (5): e63159. PubMed: 23690990 MGI: 203270
Tjota MY; Williams JW; Lu T; Clay BS; Byrd T; Hrusch CL; Decker DC; de Araujo CA; Bryce PJ; Sperling AI. 2013. IL-33-dependent induction of allergic lung inflammation by FcgammaRIII signaling. (5): 2287-97. PubMed: 23585480 MGI: 202550
Suram S; Silveira LJ; Mahaffey S; Brown GD; Bonventre JV; Williams DL; Gow NA; Bratton DL; Murphy RC; Leslie CC. 2013. Cytosolic phospholipase A(2)alpha and eicosanoids regulate expression of genes in macrophages involved in host defense and inflammation. (7): e69002. PubMed: 23950842 MGI: 206028
Shalaby KH; Allard-Coutu A; O'Sullivan MJ; Nakada E; Qureshi ST; Day BJ; Martin JG. 2013. Inhaled birch pollen extract induces airway hyperresponsiveness via oxidative stress but independently of pollen-intrinsic NADPH oxidase activity, or the TLR4-TRIF pathway. (2): 922-33. PubMed: 23776177 MGI: 206545
Carmona J; Cruz A; Moreira-Teixeira L; Sousa C; Sousa J; Osorio NS; Saraiva AL; Svenson S; Kallenius G; Pedrosa J; Rodrigues F; Castro AG; Saraiva M. 2013. Strains Are Differentially Recognized by TLRs with an Impact on the Immune Response. (6): e67277. PubMed: 23840651 MGI: 204814
Zou L; Feng Y; Li Y; Zhang M; Chen C; Cai J; Gong Y; Wang L; Thurman JM; Wu X; Atkinson JP; Chao W. 2013. Complement factor B is the downstream effector of TLRs and plays an important role in a mouse model of severe sepsis. (11): 5625-35. PubMed: 24154627 MGI: 208114
Gao C; Kozlowska A; Nechaev S; Li H; Zhang Q; Hossain DM; Kowolik CM; Chu P; Swiderski P; Diamond DJ; Pal SK; Raubitschek A; Kortylewski M. 2013. TLR9 signaling in the tumor microenvironment initiates cancer recurrence after radiotherapy. (24): 7211-21. PubMed: 24154870 MGI: 207617
Liang Y; Ma S; Zhang Y; Wang Y; Cheng Q; Wu Y; Jin Y; Zheng D; Wu D; Liu H. 2014. IL-1beta and TLR4 signaling are involved in the aggravated murine acute graft-versus-host disease caused by delayed bortezomib administration. (3): 1277-85. PubMed: 24363427 MGI: 208413
Wang Y; Han G; Wang K; Liu G; Wang R; Xiao H; Li X; Hou C; Shen B; Guo R; Li Y; Chen G. 2014. Tumor-derived GM-CSF promotes inflammatory colon carcinogenesis via stimulating epithelial release of VEGF. (3): 716-26. PubMed: 24366884 MGI: 209266
Kayagaki N; Wong MT; Stowe IB; Ramani SR; Gonzalez LC; Akashi-Takamura S; Miyake K; Zhang J; Lee WP; Muszynski A; Forsberg LS; Carlson RW; Dixit VM. 2013. Noncanonical inflammasome activation by intracellular LPS independent of TLR4. (6151): 1246-9. PubMed: 23887873 MGI: 202172
Yano J; Palmer GE; Eberle KE; Peters BM; Vogl T; McKenzie AN; Fidel PL Jr. 2014. Vaginal epithelial cell-derived S100 alarmins induced by Candida albicans via pattern recognition receptor interactions are sufficient but not necessary for the acute neutrophil response during experimental vaginal candidiasis. (2): 783-92. PubMed: 24478092 MGI: 210905
Wu SC; Yang JC; Rau CS; Chen YC; Lu TH; Lin MW; Tzeng SL; Wu YC; Wu CJ; Hsieh CH. 2013. Profiling circulating microRNA expression in experimental sepsis using cecal ligation and puncture. (10): e77936. PubMed: 24205035 MGI: 210338
De Nardo D; Labzin LI; Kono H; Seki R; Schmidt SV; Beyer M; Xu D; Zimmer S; Lahrmann C; Schildberg FA; Vogelhuber J; Kraut M; Ulas T; Kerksiek A; Krebs W; Bode N; Grebe A; Fitzgerald ML; Hernandez NJ; Williams BR; Knolle P; Kneilling M; Rocken M; Lutjohann D; Wright SD; Schultze JL; Latz E. 2014. High-density lipoprotein mediates anti-inflammatory reprogramming of macrophages via the transcriptional regulator ATF3. (2): 152-60. PubMed: 24317040 MGI: 210395
Hara K; Iijima K; Elias MK; Seno S; Tojima I; Kobayashi T; Kephart GM; Kurabayashi M; Kita H. 2014. Airway uric acid is a sensor of inhaled protease allergens and initiates type 2 immune responses in respiratory mucosa. (9): 4032-42. PubMed: 24663677 MGI: 211081
Bachmaier K; Toya S; Malik AB. 2014. Therapeutic administration of the chemokine CXCL1/KC abrogates autoimmune inflammatory heart disease. (2): e89647. PubMed: 24586934 MGI: 215579
Rosenstein RK; Bezbradica JS; Yu S; Medzhitov R. 2014. Signaling pathways activated by a protease allergen in basophils. (46): E4963-71. PubMed: 25369937 MGI: 217838
Liang CF; Liu JT; Wang Y; Xu A; Vanhoutte PM. 2013. Toll-like receptor 4 mutation protects obese mice against endothelial dysfunction by decreasing NADPH oxidase isoforms 1 and 4. (4): 777-84. PubMed: 23413427 MGI: 219069
Mattioli TA; Leduc-Pessah H; Skelhorne-Gross G; Nicol CJ; Milne B; Trang T; Cahill CM. 2014. Toll-like receptor 4 mutant and null mice retain morphine-induced tolerance, hyperalgesia, and physical dependence. (5): e97361. PubMed: 24824631 MGI: 217442
Agrawal V; Jaiswal MK; Ilievski V; Beaman KD; Jilling T; Hirsch E. 2014. Platelet-activating factor: a role in preterm delivery and an essential interaction with Toll-like receptor signaling in mice. (5): 119. PubMed: 25253732 MGI: 219520
Lin YC; Huang DY; Chu CL; Lin YL; Lin WW. 2013. The tyrosine kinase Syk differentially regulates Toll-like receptor signaling downstream of the adaptor molecules TRAF6 and TRAF3. (289): ra71. PubMed: 23962979 MGI: 220267
Choi HG; Kim WS; Back YW; Kim H; Kwon KW; Kim JS; Shin SJ; Kim HJ. 2015. Mycobacterium tuberculosis RpfE promotes simultaneous Th1- and Th17-type T-cell immunity via TLR4-dependent maturation of dendritic cells. (7): 1957-71. PubMed: 25907170 MGI: 230864
Morari J; Anhe GF; Nascimento LF; de Moura RF; Razolli D; Solon C; Guadagnini D; Souza G; Mattos AH; Tobar N; Ramos CD; Pascoal VD; Saad MJ; Lopes-Cendes I; Moraes JC; Velloso LA. 2014. Fractalkine (CX3CL1) is involved in the early activation of hypothalamic inflammation in experimental obesity. (11): 3770-84. PubMed: 24947351 MGI: 231272
Zhai Y; Ao L; Cleveland JC; Zeng Q; Reece TB; Fullerton DA; Meng X. 2015. Toll-like receptor 4 mediates the inflammatory responses and matrix protein remodeling in remote non-ischemic myocardium in a mouse model of myocardial ischemia and reperfusion. (3): e0121853. PubMed: 25823011 MGI: 230661
Yan J; Zhang H; Yin Y; Li J; Tang Y; Purkayastha S; Li L; Cai D. 2014. Obesity- and aging-induced excess of central transforming growth factor-beta potentiates diabetic development via an RNA stress response. (9): 1001-8. PubMed: 25086906 MGI: 228695
Stark K; Philippi V; Stockhausen S; Busse J; Antonelli A; Miller M; Schubert I; Hoseinpour P; Chandraratne S; von Bruhl ML; Gaertner F; Lorenz M; Agresti A; Coletti R; Antoine DJ; Heermann R; Jung K; Reese S; Laitinen I; Schwaiger M; Walch A; Sperandio M; Nawroth PP; Reinhardt C; Jackel S; Bianchi ME; Massberg S. 2016. Disulfide HMGB1 derived from platelets coordinates venous thrombosis in mice. (20): 2435-2449. PubMed: 27574188 MGI: 238479
Church JS; Kigerl KA; Lerch JK; Popovich PG; McTigue DM. 2016. TLR4 Deficiency Impairs Oligodendrocyte Formation in the Injured Spinal Cord. (23): 6352-64. PubMed: 27277810 MGI: 235437
Familtseva A; Chaturvedi P; Kalani A; Jeremic N; Metreveli N; Kunkel GH; Tyagi SC. 2016. Toll-like receptor 4 mutation suppresses hyperhomocysteinemia-induced hypertension. (4): C596-C606. PubMed: 27488663 MGI: 237713
Jackson EE; Rendina-Ruedy E; Smith BJ; Lacombe VA. 2015. Loss of Toll-Like Receptor 4 Function Partially Protects against Peripheral and Cardiac Glucose Metabolic Derangements During a Long-Term High-Fat Diet. (11): e0142077. PubMed: 26539824 MGI: 245118
Dumas A; Amiable N; de Rivero Vaccari JP; Chae JJ; Keane RW; Lacroix S; Vallieres L. 2014. The inflammasome pyrin contributes to pertussis toxin-induced IL-1beta synthesis, neutrophil intravascular crawling and autoimmune encephalomyelitis. (5): e1004150. PubMed: 24875775 MGI: 251343
Simmons KT; Xiao Y; Pflugfelder SC; de Paiva CS. 2016. Inflammatory Response to Lipopolysaccharide on the Ocular Surface in a Murine Dry Eye Model. (6): 2443-51. PubMed: 27136463 MGI: 273481
Pushpakumar S; Ren L; Kundu S; Gamon A; Tyagi SC; Sen U. 2017. Toll-like Receptor 4 Deficiency Reduces Oxidative Stress and Macrophage Mediated Inflammation in Hypertensive Kidney. (1): 6349. PubMed: 28743964 MGI: 258739
Weber SN; Bohner A; Dapito DH; Schwabe RF; Lammert F. 2016. TLR4 Deficiency Protects against Hepatic Fibrosis and Diethylnitrosamine-Induced Pre-Carcinogenic Liver Injury in Fibrotic Liver. (7): e0158819. PubMed: 27391331 MGI: 261363
Kuo WT; Lee TC; Yang HY; Chen CY; Au YC; Lu YZ; Wu LL; Wei SC; Ni YH; Lin BR; Chen Y; Tsai YH; Kung JT; Sheu F; Lin LW; Yu LC. 2015. LPS receptor subunits have antagonistic roles in epithelial apoptosis and colonic carcinogenesis. (10): 1590-604. PubMed: 25633197 MGI: 279307
Lai CH; Wang KC; Lee FT; Tsai HW; Ma CY; Cheng TL; Chang BI; Yang YJ; Shi GY; Wu HL. 2016. Toll-Like Receptor 4 Is Essential in the Development of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm. (1): e0146565. PubMed: 26741694 MGI: 259771
Wang M; Krauss JL; Domon H; Hosur KB; Liang S; Magotti P; Triantafilou M; Triantafilou K; Lambris JD; Hajishengallis G. 2010. Microbial hijacking of complement-toll-like receptor crosstalk. (109): ra11. PubMed: 20159852 MGI: 279567
Merline R; Moreth K; Beckmann J; Nastase MV; Zeng-Brouwers J; Tralhao JG; Lemarchand P; Pfeilschifter J; Schaefer RM; Iozzo RV; Schaefer L. 2011. Signaling by the matrix proteoglycan decorin controls inflammation and cancer through PDCD4 and MicroRNA-21. (199): ra75. PubMed: 22087031 MGI: 279031
Lee TK; Denny EM; Sanghvi JC; Gaston JE; Maynard ND; Hughey JJ; Covert MW. 2009. A noisy paracrine signal determines the cellular NF-kappaB response to lipopolysaccharide. (93): ra65. PubMed: 19843957 MGI: 280741
Basic M; Buettner M; Keubler LM; Smoczek A; Bruesch I; Buchheister S; Bleich A. 2018. Loss of CD14 leads to disturbed epithelial-B cell crosstalk and impairment of the intestinal barrier after E. coli Nissle monoassociation. (1): 719. PubMed: 29335601 MGI: 281725
Schwarzer M; Srutkova D; Hermanova P; Leulier F; Kozakova H; Schabussova I. 2017. Diet Matters: Endotoxin in the Diet Impacts the Level of Allergic Sensitization in Germ-Free Mice. (1): e0167786. PubMed: 28052076 MGI: 249163

Additional - In(6)1J

Akeson EC. 2003. Chromosomal inversion discovered in C3H/HeJ mice 15. MGI: 88469

Technical Support

Contact Technical Support

Genotyping Protocols
- End Point Analysis: Tlr4^Lps-d-Alternate 2
- Genotyping resources and troubleshooting
Inbred mouse strains are maintained through sibling (sister x brother) matings; no genotyping required.
Dietary Information
- LabDiet® 5K52 formulation (6% fat)
Breeding Considerations

This strain is a good breeder.
- Additional Breeding and Husbandry Support
Mating System
- Sibling x Sibling
Appearance
- agouti
  Related Genotype: A/A

Animal Health Reports

Facility Barrier Level Descriptions

Pricing & Availability

Readily Available

Domestic
International

Live Mouse

Age

Genotype

Price

weeks

Cryorecovery - Pricing

Service	Genotype	Price
	Please inquire

We will fulfill your order by providing at least two carriers for each strain ordered. The total number, sex, and genotypes provided will vary, although typically 8 or more animals are provided. Please check genotypes which will be recovered. While the genotypes of all animals produced will be communicated to you prior to scheduling shipment, the genotypes of animals provided may not reflect the mating scheme and genotypes described in the strain description. Animals are typically ready to ship in 11-14 weeks. If a second recovery is required to produce the minimum number of animals, then delivery time would increase to approximately 25 weeks. If we fail to produce animals of the correct genotype, you will not be charged. We cannot guarantee the reproductive success of mice shipped to your facility. If the mice are lost after the first three days (post-arrival) or do not produce progeny at your facility, a new order and fee will be necessary.

Cryorecovery to establish a Dedicated Supply for greater quantities of mice. Mice recovered can be used to establish a dedicated colony to contractually supply you mice according to your requirements. Price by quotation.

Payment Terms and Conditions

Terms are granted by individual review and stated on the customer invoice(s) and account statement. These transactions are payable in U.S. currency within the granted terms. Payment for services, products, shipping containers, and shipping costs that are rendered are expected within the payment terms indicated on the invoice or stated by contract. Invoices and account balances in arrears of stated terms may result in The Jackson Laboratory pursuing collection activities including but not limited to outside agencies and court filings.

The Jackson Laboratory's Genotype Promise

The Jackson Laboratory has rigorous genetic quality control and mutant gene genotyping programs to ensure the genetic background of JAX® Mice strains as well as the genotypes of strains with identified molecular mutations. JAX® Mice strains are only made available to researchers after meeting our standards. However, the phenotype of each strain may not be fully characterized and/or captured in the strain data sheets. Therefore, we cannot guarantee a strain's phenotype will meet all expectations. To ensure that JAX® Mice will meet the needs of individual research projects or when requesting a strain that is new to your research, we suggest ordering and performing tests on a small number of mice to determine suitability for your particular project.

Terms Of Use

Terms of Use

General Terms and Conditions

Questions about Terms of Use

Licensing Information

Phone: 207-288-6470

Email: TechTran@jax.org

JAX® Mice, Products & Services Conditions of Use

"MICE" means mouse strains, their progeny derived by inbreeding or crossbreeding, unmodified derivatives from mouse strains or their progeny supplied by The Jackson Laboratory ("JACKSON"). "PRODUCT(S)" means biological materials supplied by JACKSON, and their derivatives. "SERVICES" means projects conducted by JACKSON for other parties that may include but are not limited to the use of MICE or PRODUCTS. "RECIPIENT" means each recipient of MICE, PRODUCTS, or SERVICES provided by JACKSON including each institution, its employees and other researchers under its control. MICE or PRODUCTS shall not be: (i) used for any purpose other than internal research, (ii) sold or otherwise provided to any third party for any use, or (iii) provided to any agent or other third party to provide breeding or other services. Acceptance of MICE, PRODUCTS or SERVICES from JACKSON shall be deemed as agreement by RECIPIENT to these conditions, and departure from these conditions requires JACKSON’s prior written authorization.

No Warranty

MICE, PRODUCTS AND SERVICES ARE PROVIDED "AS IS". JACKSON EXTENDS NO WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESS, IMPLIED, OR STATUTORY, WITH RESPECT TO MICE, PRODUCTS OR SERVICES, INCLUDING ANY IMPLIED WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, OR ANY WARRANTY OF NON-INFRINGEMENT OF ANY PATENT, TRADEMARK, OR OTHER INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS.

Credit for PRODUCTS or SERVICES

In case of dissatisfaction for a valid reason and claimed in writing by a purchaser within ninety (90) days of receipt of, PRODUCTS or SERVICES, JACKSON will, at its option, provide credit or replacement for the PRODUCT received or the SERVICES provided; JACKSON makes no other representations and this shall be the exclusive remedy of the purchaser. Please note specific policy for live mice.

Animal Care and Use for SERVICES

Consistent with the requirement for a written understanding regarding animal care and use, the JACKSON Animal Care and Use Committee will review the animal care and use protocol(s) associated with any SERVICES to be performed at JACKSON, and JACKSON shall have ultimate responsibility and authority for the care of animals while on site or in JACKSON custody.

No Liability

In no event shall JACKSON, its trustees, directors, officers, employees, and affiliates be liable for any causes of action or damages, including any direct, indirect, special, or consequential damages, arising out of the provision of MICE, PRODUCTS, or SERVICES, including economic damage or injury to property and lost profits, and including any damage arising from acts or negligence on the part of JACKSON, its agents or employees. Unless prohibited by law, in purchasing or receiving MICE, PRODUCTS, or SERVICES from JACKSON, purchaser or recipient, or any party claiming by or through them, expressly releases and discharges JACKSON from all such causes of action or damages, and further agrees to defend and indemnify JACKSON from any costs or damages arising out of any third party claims.

MICE, PRODUCTS or SERVICES are to be used in a safe manner and in accordance with all applicable governmental rules and regulations.

The foregoing represents the General Terms and Conditions applicable to JACKSON’s MICE, PRODUCTS or SERVICES. In addition, special terms and conditions of sale of certain MICE, PRODUCTS, or SERVICES may be set forth separately in JACKSON web pages, catalogs, price lists, contracts, and/or other documents, and these special terms and conditions shall also govern the sale of these MICE, PRODUCTS and SERVICES by JACKSON, and by its licensees and distributors.

Acceptance of delivery of MICE, PRODUCTS or SERVICES shall be deemed agreement to these terms and conditions. No purchase order or other document transmitted by purchaser or recipient that may modify the terms and conditions hereof, shall be in any way binding on JACKSON, and instead the terms and conditions set forth herein, including any special terms and conditions set forth separately, shall govern the sale of MICE, PRODUCTS or SERVICES by JACKSON.

Also Known As: C3H, C3, C3H Heston

Genetic overview

Research Applications

Base Price

Important Note

Detailed Description

Development

Selected References

Pde6brd1

Allele Symbol: Pde6brd1

Tlr4Lps-d

Allele Symbol: Tlr4Lps-d

Ahrb-2

Allele Symbol: Ahrb-2

In(6)1J

Allele Symbol: In(6)1J

Gria4spkw1

Allele Symbol: Gria4spkw1

Cd5a

Allele Symbol: Cd5a

Pcnx2C3H/HeJ

Allele Symbol: Pcnx2C3H/HeJ

Disease Terms

Research Areas By Genotype

This mouse can be used to support research in many areas including:

Genotype: Pde6brd1 related

Genotype: Tlr4Lps-d related

Mammalian Phenotype Terms by Genotype

Genotype: Ahrb-2/Ahrb-2C3H/He

mortality/aging

homeostasis/metabolism phenotype

Genotype: Gria4spkw1/Gria4spkw1C3H/HeJ

behavior/neurological phenotype

nervous system phenotype

Genotype: In(6)1J/In(6)1JC3H/HeJ

normal phenotype

Genotype: Pde6brd1/Pde6brd1C3H/HeJ

vision/eye phenotype

nervous system phenotype

Genotype: Tlr4Lps-d/Tlr4Lps-dinvolves: C3H/HeJ

immune system phenotype

hearing/vestibular/ear phenotype

behavior/neurological phenotype

skeleton phenotype

muscle phenotype

integument phenotype

nervous system phenotype

homeostasis/metabolism phenotype

hematopoietic system phenotype

cellular phenotype

Genotype: Tlr4Lps-d/Tlr4Lps-dC3H/HeJ-Tlr4Lps-d

mortality/aging

respiratory system phenotype

nervous system phenotype

behavior/neurological phenotype

skeleton phenotype

muscle phenotype

cellular phenotype

growth/size/body region phenotype

immune system phenotype

hematopoietic system phenotype

homeostasis/metabolism phenotype

liver/biliary system phenotype

adipose tissue phenotype

cardiovascular system phenotype

digestive/alimentary phenotype

Phenotype Information

References

Additional References

Additional - Ahrb-2

Additional - Cd5a

Additional - Gria4spkw1

Additional - Pde6brd1

Additional - Tlr4Lps-d

Additional - In(6)1J

Genotyping Protocols

Dietary Information

Breeding Considerations

Mating System

Appearance

Pde6b^rd1

Allele Symbol: Pde6b^rd1

Tlr4^Lps-d

Allele Symbol: Tlr4^Lps-d

Ahr^b-2

Allele Symbol: Ahr^b-2

Gria4^spkw1

Allele Symbol: Gria4^spkw1

Cd5^a

Allele Symbol: Cd5^a

Pcnx2^C3H/HeJ

Allele Symbol: Pcnx2^C3H/HeJ

Genotype: Pde6b^rd1 related

Genotype: Tlr4^Lps-d related

Genotype: Ahr^b-2/Ahr^b-2
C3H/He

Genotype: Gria4^spkw1/Gria4^spkw1
C3H/HeJ

Genotype: In(6)1J/In(6)1J
C3H/HeJ

Genotype: Pde6b^rd1/Pde6b^rd1
C3H/HeJ

Genotype: Tlr4^Lps-d/Tlr4^Lps-d
involves: C3H/HeJ

Genotype: Tlr4^Lps-d/Tlr4^Lps-d
C3H/HeJ-Tlr4^Lps-d

Additional - Ahr^b-2

Additional - Cd5^a

Additional - Gria4^spkw1

Additional - Pde6b^rd1

Additional - Tlr4^Lps-d