JAX
Mouse Strain Datasheet - 000058
B6(Cg)-Tyrc-2J/J
Also Known As: B6 albino, albino B6
B6(Cg)-Tyrc-2J/J, or B6-albino mice, are C57BL/6J mice that carry a mutation in the tyrosinase gene. Pigment is completely absent from skin, hair and eyes in mice homozygous for Tyrc-2J. This unique characteristic makes these mice ideal for creation of novel strains with targeted mutations (gene knockouts). B6-albino mice are used to generate blastocysts that can be used for microinjection of genetically modified C57BL/6J embryonic stem cells. Following implantation and gestation, resulting offspring that are chimeric for the donor embryonic stem cells and the recipient blastocyst are easily identified by coat color. This allows an easy method to create knockout mice on the C57BL/6J genetic background.
Read More +Genetic overview
| Genetic Background | Generation |
|---|---|
|
F48+51N3F4pN3F16
|
Tyrc-2J
| Allele Type | Gene Symbol | Gene Name |
|---|---|---|
| Spontaneous | Tyr | tyrosinase |
Research Applications
- Research Tools
- Dermatology Research
- Sensorineural Research
Disease Terms
Research Areas By Genotype
This mouse can be used to support research in many areas including:
- Research Tools
- Genetics Research
- Mutagenesis and Transgenesis: Production of Transgenic Mice
- Genetics Research
Genotype: Tyrc-2J related
- Dermatology Research
- Color and White Spotting Defects
- Sensorineural Research
- Retinal Degeneration
Mammalian Phenotype Terms by Genotype
Genotype: Tyrc-2J/Tyrc-2J
B6(Cg)-Tyrc-2J/J
pigmentation phenotype
- abnormal melanosome morphology
- absence of pigment in melanosomes (MGI Ref ID J:178454)
- absent coat pigmentation
- absent hair follicle melanin granules
- forskolin treatment does not protect mice from UV effects; numbers of apoptotic epidermal keratinocytes are similar to those in vehicle-treated mutants (MGI Ref ID J:6611)
- absent skin pigmentation
- (MGI Ref ID J:36008)
vision/eye phenotype
- abnormal aqueous drainage system morphology
- had mild focal angle developmental defects, whereas pigmented mice had no observed defects (MGI Ref ID J:82280)
- abnormal eye physiology
- resistant to light damage as compared to albino BALB/cByJ (MGI Ref ID J:99553)
- abnormal intraocular pressure
- increased pressure as compared to pigmented C57BL/6J (MGI Ref ID J:82879)
- abnormal retina morphology
- abnormal retinal ganglion layer morphology
- beginning at E11 through E16, cells exhibit smaller size and abnormal packing and organization (MGI Ref ID J:77026)
- abnormal retinal photoreceptor morphology
- abnormal vision
- dark-adapted threshold s are elevated (decreased sensitivity) in comparison to C57BL/6J (MGI Ref ID J:99554)
- decreased a wave amplitude
- reduction in a-wave and b-wave amplitude in young adults as demonstrated by electroretinogram (MGI Ref ID J:92276)
- decreased b wave amplitude
- reduction in a-wave and b-wave amplitude in young adults as demonstrated by electroretinogram (MGI Ref ID J:92276)
- decreased retinal photoreceptor cell number
- increased apoptosis in outer nuclear layer during adulthood (2-12 months), then decreasing to control levels (MGI Ref ID J:92276)
- retinal degeneration
- (MGI Ref ID J:92276)
nervous system phenotype
- abnormal retinal photoreceptor morphology
- decreased retinal photoreceptor cell number
- increased apoptosis in outer nuclear layer during adulthood (2-12 months), then decreasing to control levels (MGI Ref ID J:92276)
cellular phenotype
- abnormal keratinocyte apoptosis
- (MGI Ref ID J:112959)
- increased cellular sensitivity to ionizing radiation
- mice show dose-dependent DNA lesion formation (cyclobutane dimers) from UV-B exposure, but wild-type or forskolin-treated Mc1re mutants show little damage (MGI Ref ID J:112959)
integument phenotype
- abnormal keratinocyte apoptosis
- (MGI Ref ID J:112959)
- absent coat pigmentation
- absent hair follicle melanin granules
- forskolin treatment does not protect mice from UV effects; numbers of apoptotic epidermal keratinocytes are similar to those in vehicle-treated mutants (MGI Ref ID J:6611)
- absent skin pigmentation
- (MGI Ref ID J:36008)
The following phenotype information is associated with a similar, but not exact match to this JAX® Mice strain
Genotype: Tyrc-2J/Tyrc-2J
involves: C57BL/6
pigmentation phenotype
- absent skin pigmentation
integument phenotype
Phenotype Information
References
- Townsend D; Witkop CJ Jr; Mattson J. 1981. Tyrosinase subcellular distribution and kinetic parameters in wild type and C-locus mutant C57BL/6J mice.. In: . . MGI: J:6611
Additional References
- Bravo-Nuevo A; Walsh N; Stone J. 2004. Photoreceptor degeneration and loss of retinal function in the C57BL/6-C2J mouse.. In: . . MGI: J:92276
- Hofele K; Sedelis M; Auburger GW; Morgan S; Huston JP; Schwarting RK. 2001. Evidence for a dissociation between MPTP toxicity and tyrosinase activity based on congenic mouse strain susceptibility.. In: . . MGI: J:67792
- Kwon BS; Haq AK; Wakulchik M; Kestler D; Barton DE; Francke U; Lamoreux ML; Whitney JB 3rd; Halaban R. 1989. Isolation, chromosomal mapping, and expression of the mouse tyrosinase gene.. In: . . MGI: J:10058
- Kwon BS; Wakulchik M; Haq AK; Halaban R; Kestler D. 1988. Sequence analysis of mouse tyrosinase cDNA and the effect of melanotropin on its gene expression.. In: . . MGI: J:9242
- Le Fur N; Kelsall SR; Mintz B. 1996. Base substitution at different alternative splice donor sites of the tyrosinase gene in murine albinism.. In: . . MGI: J:36008
- Nusinowitz S; Nguyen L; Radu R; Kashani Z; Farber D; Danciger M. 2003. Electroretinographic evidence for altered phototransduction gain and slowed recovery from photobleaches in albino mice with a MET450 variant in RPE65.. In: . . MGI: J:86186
- Porter S; Mintz B. 1991. Multiple alternatively spliced transcripts of the mouse tyrosinase-encoding gene.. In: . . MGI: J:11014
- Rikke BA; Simpson VJ; Montoliu L; Johnson TE. 2001. No effect of albinism on sedative-hypnotic sensitivity to ethanol and anesthetics.. In: . . MGI: J:68230
- Ruppert S; Muller G; Kwon B; Schutz G. 1988. Multiple transcripts of the mouse tyrosinase gene are generated by alternative splicing.. In: . . MGI: J:9439
- Schuster-Gossler K; Lee AW; Lerner CP; Parker HJ; Dyer VW; Scott VE; Gossler A; Conover JC. 2001. Use of coisogenic host blastocysts for efficient establishment of germline chimeras with C57BL/6J ES cell lines.. In: . . MGI: J:144015
- Zurita E; Chagoyen M; Cantero M; Alonso R; Gonzalez-Neira A; Lopez-Jimenez A; Lopez-Moreno JA; Landel CP; Benitez J; Pazos F; Montoliu L. 2010. Genetic polymorphisms among C57BL/6 mouse inbred strains.. In: . . MGI: J:160203
Additional - Tyrc-2J related
- Adams EJ; Chen XW; O'Shea KS; Ginsburg D. 2014. Mammalian COPII coat component SEC24C is required for embryonic development in mice.. In: . . MGI: J:232065
- Adini I; Ghosh K; Adini A; Chi ZL; Yoshimura T; Benny O; Connor KM; Rogers MS; Bazinet L; Birsner AE; Bielenberg DR; D'Amato RJ. 2014. Melanocyte-secreted fibromodulin promotes an angiogenic microenvironment.. In: . . MGI: J:208014
- Alur RP; Cox TA; Crawford MA; Gong X; Brooks BP. 2008. Optic nerve axon number in mouse is regulated by PAX2.. In: . . MGI: J:172973
- Anderson MG; Hawes NL; Trantow CM; Chang B; John SW. 2008. Iris phenotypes and pigment dispersion caused by genes influencing pigmentation.. In: . . MGI: J:141035
- Anderson MG; Libby RT; Mao M; Cosma IM; Wilson LA; Smith RS; John SW. 2006. Genetic context determines susceptibility to intraocular pressure elevation in a mouse pigmentary glaucoma.. In: . . MGI: J:128215
- Balkema GW; Cusick K; Nguyen TH. 2001. Diurnal variation in synaptic ribbon length and visual threshold.. In: . . MGI: J:99554
- Bhansali P; Rayport I; Rebsam A; Mason C. 2014. Delayed neurogenesis leads to altered specification of ventrotemporal retinal ganglion cells in albino mice.. In: . . MGI: J:211641
- Bravo-Nuevo A; Walsh N; Stone J. 2004. Photoreceptor degeneration and loss of retinal function in the C57BL/6-C2J mouse.. In: . . MGI: J:92276
- Chopra M; Biehl M; Steinfatt T; Brandl A; Kums J; Amich J; Vaeth M; Kuen J; Holtappels R; Podlech J; Mottok A; Kraus S; Jordan-Garrote AL; Bauerlein CA; Brede C; Ribechini E; Fick A; Seher A; Polz J; Ottmuller KJ; Baker J; Nishikii H; Ritz M; Mattenheimer K; Schwinn S; Winter T; Schafer V; Krappmann S; Einsele H; Muller TD; Reddehase MJ; Lutz MB; Mannel DN; Berberich-Siebelt F; Wajant H; Beilhack A. 2016. Exogenous TNFR2 activation protects from acute GvHD via host T reg cell expansion.. In: . . MGI: J:236727
- Cohen-Solal KA; Crespo-Carbone SM; Namkoong J; Mackason KR; Roberts KG; Reuhl KR; Chen S. 2002. Progressive appearance of pigmentation in amelanotic melanoma lesions.. In: . . MGI: J:77989
- Cortese K; Giordano F; Surace EM; Venturi C; Ballabio A; Tacchetti C; Marigo V. 2005. The ocular albinism type 1 (OA1) gene controls melanosome maturation and size.. In: . . MGI: J:103788
- D'Orazio JA; Nobuhisa T; Cui R; Arya M; Spry M; Wakamatsu K; Igras V; Kunisada T; Granter SR; Nishimura EK; Ito S; Fisher DE. 2006. Topical drug rescue strategy and skin protection based on the role of Mc1r in UV-induced tanning.. In: . . MGI: J:112959
- Danciger M; Ogando D; Yang H; Matthes MT; Yu N; Ahern K; Yasumura D; Williams RW; Lavail MM. 2008. Genetic modifiers of retinal degeneration in the rd3 mouse.. In: . . MGI: J:136923
- Dentin R; Liu Y; Koo SH; Hedrick S; Vargas T; Heredia J; Yates J rd; Montminy M. 2007. Insulin modulates gluconeogenesis by inhibition of the coactivator TORC2.. In: . . MGI: J:126351
- Eisenhofer G; Tian H; Holmes C; Matsunaga J; Roffler-Tarlov S; Hearing VJ. 2003. Tyrosinase: a developmentally specific major determinant of peripheral dopamine.. In: . . MGI: J:119178
- Fetoni AR; Picciotti PM; Paludetti G; Troiani D. 2011. Pathogenesis of presbycusis in animal models: a review.. In: . . MGI: J:186964
- Gibbs D; Cideciyan AV; Jacobson SG; Williams DS. 2009. Retinal pigment epithelium defects in humans and mice with mutations in MYO7A: imaging melanosome-specific autofluorescence.. In: . . MGI: J:154563
- Green EL. 1973. Albino-2J (c<2J>). In: . . MGI: J:27522
- Hampton HR; Bailey J; Tomura M; Brink R; Chtanova T. 2015. Microbe-dependent lymphatic migration of neutrophils modulates lymphocyte proliferation in lymph nodes.. In: . . MGI: J:224874
- Hickman HD; Reynoso GV; Ngudiankama BF; Cush SS; Gibbs J; Bennink JR; Yewdell JW. 2015. CXCR3 chemokine receptor enables local CD8(+) T cell migration for the destruction of virus-infected cells.. In: . . MGI: J:223820
- Higuchi H; Macke EL; Lee WH; Miller SA; Xu JC; Ikeda S; Ikeda A. 2014. Genetic basis of age-dependent synaptic abnormalities in the retina.. In: . . MGI: J:216971
- Honda T; Egen JG; Lammermann T; Kastenmuller W; Torabi-Parizi P; Germain RN. 2014. Tuning of antigen sensitivity by T cell receptor-dependent negative feedback controls T cell effector function in inflamed tissues.. In: . . MGI: J:209370
- Iacovelli J; Zhao C; Wolkow N; Veldman P; Gollomp K; Ojha P; Lukinova N; King A; Feiner L; Esumi N; Zack DJ; Pierce EA; Vollrath D; Dunaief JL. 2011. Generation of Cre Transgenic Mice with Postnatal RPE-Specific Ocular Expression.. In: . . MGI: J:170522
- Imanishi Y; Sun W; Maeda T; Maeda A; Palczewski K. 2008. Retinyl ester homeostasis in the adipose differentiation-related protein-deficient retina.. In: . . MGI: J:142021
- Iwai-Takekoshi L; Ramos A; Schaler A; Weinreb S; Blazeski R; Mason C. 2016. Retinal pigment epithelial integrity is compromised in the developing albino mouse retina.. In: . . MGI: J:237402
- Jarrett SG; Horrell EM; Christian PA; Vanover JC; Boulanger MC; Zou Y; D'Orazio JA. 2014. PKA-mediated phosphorylation of ATR promotes recruitment of XPA to UV-induced DNA damage.. In: . . MGI: J:215489
- Jhunjhunwala S; Chen LC; Nichols EE; Thomson AW; Raimondi G; Little SR. 2013. All-trans retinoic acid and rapamycin synergize with transforming growth factor-beta1 to induce regulatory T cells but confer different migratory capacities.. In: . . MGI: J:209554
- Johnson BA; Cole BS; Geisert EE; Ikeda S; Ikeda A. 2010. Tyrosinase is the modifier of retinoschisis in mice.. In: . . MGI: J:166949
- Katz ML; Wendt KD; Sanders DN. 2005. RPE65 gene mutation prevents development of autofluorescence in retinal pigment epithelial phagosomes.. In: . . MGI: J:98275
- Kitamoto J; Libby RT; Gibbs D; Steel KP; Williams DS. 2005. Myosin VI is required for normal retinal function.. In: . . MGI: J:134368
- Kiyama T; Li H; Gupta M; Lin YP; Chuang AZ; Otteson DC; Wang SW. 2012. Distinct neurogenic potential in the retinal margin and the pars plana of Mammalian eye.. In: . . MGI: J:187665
- LaVail MM; Gorrin GM; Repaci MA; Thomas LA; Ginsberg HM. 1987. Genetic regulation of light damage to photoreceptors.. In: . . MGI: J:99553
- Lammermann T; Afonso PV; Angermann BR; Wang JM; Kastenmuller W; Parent CA; Germain RN. 2013. Neutrophil swarms require LTB4 and integrins at sites of cell death in vivo.. In: . . MGI: J:198733
- Lamoreux ML; Wakamatsu K; Ito S. 2001. Interaction of major coat color gene functions in mice as studied by chemical analysis of eumelanin and pheomelanin.. In: . . MGI: J:103803
- Le Fur N; Kelsall SR; Mintz B. 1996. Base substitution at different alternative splice donor sites of the tyrosinase gene in murine albinism.. In: . . MGI: J:36008
- Lehman AL; Silvers WK; Puri N; Wakamatsu K; Ito S; Brilliant MH. 2000. The underwhite (uw) locus acts autonomously and reduces the production of melanin. In: . . MGI: J:64978
- Libby RT; Smith RS; Savinova OV; Zabaleta A; Martin JE; Gonzalez FJ; John SW. 2003. Modification of ocular defects in mouse developmental glaucoma models by tyrosinase.. In: . . MGI: J:82280
- Liu X; Alli R; Steeves M; Nguyen P; Vogel P; Geiger TL. 2012. The T cell response to IL-10 alters cellular dynamics and paradoxically promotes central nervous system autoimmunity.. In: . . MGI: J:189797
- Mitra D; Luo X; Morgan A; Wang J; Hoang MP; Lo J; Guerrero CR; Lennerz JK; Mihm MC; Wargo JA; Robinson KC; Devi SP; Vanover JC; D'Orazio JA; McMahon M; Bosenberg MW; Haigis KM; Haber DA; Wang Y; Fisher DE. 2012. An ultraviolet-radiation-independent pathway to melanoma carcinogenesis in the red hair/fair skin background.. In: . . MGI: J:189208
- Motohashi H; Hozawa K; Oshima T; Takeuchi T; Takasaka T. 1994. Dysgenesis of melanocytes and cochlear dysfunction in mutant microphthalmia (mi) mice.. In: . . MGI: J:21682
- Nishimura EK; Granter SR; Fisher DE. 2005. Mechanisms of hair graying: incomplete melanocyte stem cell maintenance in the niche.. In: . . MGI: J:96016
- Ohlemiller KK; Rice ME; Lett JM; Gagnon PM. 2009. Absence of strial melanin coincides with age-associated marginal cell loss and endocochlear potential decline.. In: . . MGI: J:145863
- Onojafe IF; Adams DR; Simeonov DR; Zhang J; Chan CC; Bernardini IM; Sergeev YV; Dolinska MB; Alur RP; Brilliant MH; Gahl WA; Brooks BP. 2011. Nitisinone improves eye and skin pigmentation defects in a mouse model of oculocutaneous albinism.. In: . . MGI: J:178454
- Peuhu E; Kaukonen R; Lerche M; Saari M; Guzman C; Rantakari P; De Franceschi N; Warri A; Georgiadou M; Jacquemet G; Mattila E; Virtakoivu R; Liu Y; Attieh Y; Silva KA; Betz T; Sundberg JP; Salmi M; Deugnier MA; Eliceiri KW; Ivaska J. 2017. SHARPIN regulates collagen architecture and ductal outgrowth in the developing mouse mammary gland.. In: . . MGI: J:240189
- Potter CS; Pruett ND; Kern MJ; Baybo MA; Godwin AR; Potter KA; Peterson RL; Sundberg JP; Awgulewitsch A. 2011. The nude mutant gene Foxn1 is a HOXC13 regulatory target during hair follicle and nail differentiation.. In: . . MGI: J:182085
- Rachel RA; Dolen G; Hayes NL; Lu A; Erskine L; Nowakowski RS; Mason CA. 2002. Spatiotemporal features of early neuronogenesis differ in wild-type and albino mouse retina.. In: . . MGI: J:77026
- Raven MA; Reese BE. 2002. Horizontal cell density and mosaic regularity in pigmented and albino mouse retina.. In: . . MGI: J:126185
- Rikke BA; Simpson VJ; Montoliu L; Johnson TE. 2001. No effect of albinism on sedative-hypnotic sensitivity to ethanol and anesthetics.. In: . . MGI: J:68230
- Rizvi TA; Huang Y; Sidani A; Atit R; Largaespada DA; Boissy RE; Ratner N. 2002. A novel cytokine pathway suppresses glial cell melanogenesis after injury to adult nerve.. In: . . MGI: J:109211
- Robison WG Jr; Kuwabara T. 1976. Light-induced alterations of retinal pigment epithelium in black, albino, and beige mice.. In: . . MGI: J:5656
- Roffler-Tarlov S; Liu JH; Naumova EN; Bernal-Ayala MM; Mason CA. 2013. L-Dopa and the albino riddle: content of L-Dopa in the developing retina of pigmented and albino mice.. In: . . MGI: J:200184
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- Savinova OV; Sugiyama F; Martin JE; Tomarev SI; Paigen BJ; Smith RS; John SW. 2001. Intraocular pressure in genetically distinct mice: an update and strain survey.. In: . . MGI: J:82879
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- Solodova E; Jablonska J; Weiss S; Lienenklaus S. 2011. Production of IFN-beta during Listeria monocytogenes infection is restricted to monocyte/macrophage lineage.. In: . . MGI: J:172226
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- Takeuchi S; Zhang W; Wakamatsu K; Ito S; Hearing VJ; Kraemer KH; Brash DE. 2004. Melanin acts as a potent UVB photosensitizer to cause an atypical mode of cell death in murine skin.. In: . . MGI: J:93542
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