Transgenic females showed precocious mammary gland development during pregnancy. Involution was delayed beyond 8 days post-parturition. With successive pregnancies hyperplastic alveolar nodules increased in number. Mammary tumors, the majority of which were well-differentiated, were observed with variable latency, on average at 7-8 months of age in multiparious females. Fibroadenomas composed of neoplastic glandular alveolar epithelium surrounded by variable amounts of stroma were also observed. Metastasis to the lung was observed in 1 of 40 tumor-bearing mice. Virgin mice were tumor-free.

These WAP-TGF-a line 3573-2 mice express a transgene containing the mouse transforming growth factor alpha gene directed by the mouse whey acidic protein promoter.


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