JAX
Mouse Strain Datasheet - 002507
B6.129S2-Serpine1tm1Mlg/J
Also Known As: PAI-1-
These plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 deficient mice may be useful for studying the role of fibrosis and fibrinolysis in amyloid plaque deposition (Alzheimer's disease), hyperphagia, obesity, injury and muscular dystrophy.
Donating Investigator
Dr. Peter Carmeliet, University of Leuven
Genetic overview
| Genetic Background | Generation |
|---|---|
|
000664 C57BL/6J |
N10F
|
Serpine1tm1Mlg
| Allele Type | Gene Symbol | Gene Name |
|---|---|---|
| Targeted (Null/Knockout) | Serpine1 | serine (or cysteine) peptidase inhibitor, clade E, member 1 |
Detailed Description
Mice homozygous for this plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 null allele (PAI-1-) are viable and fertile with normal development. Compared to wildtype mice, pulmonary clot lysis is increased in the heterozygote and further increased in the homozygote. Endotoxin induced venous thrombosis is decreased compared to wildtype mice. Thus, disruption of the PAI-1 (Serpine1) gene induces a mild hyperfibrinolytic state. Hemostasis is normal in homozygous mutants.
Development
The plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1 or Serpine1) targeted null mutation was made in the laboratories of Dr. Richard Mulligan (Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Sciences) and of Dr. Peter Carmellet (University of Leuven). A targeting vector was used which resulted in the neomycin-resistant gene replacing all coding sequences. The Serpine1 gene was isolated from a BALB/c genomic library and targeting was done in D3 ES cells.
Control Suggestions
Selected References
- Carmeliet P; Kieckens L; Schoonjans L; Ream B; van Nuffelen A; Prendergast G; Cole M; Bronson R; Collen D; Mulligan RC. 1993. Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 gene-deficient mice. I. Generation by homologous recombination and characterization. J Clin Invest 92(6):2746-55. PubMed: 8254028MGI: J:39819
Serpine1tm1Mlg
Allele Symbol: Serpine1tm1Mlg
| Allele Name | targeted mutation 1, Richard C Mulligan |
|---|---|
| Allele Type | Targeted (Null/Knockout) |
| Allele Synonym(s) | PAI-1-; Planh1tm1; Serpine1tm1Mg |
| Gene Symbol and Name | Serpine1, serine (or cysteine) peptidase inhibitor, clade E, member 1 |
| Gene Synonym(s) | PAI; PAI-1; PAI1; PAI1A; PLANH1; Pai1; Pai1aa; Planh; Planh1; Planh1; RATPAI1A; plasminogen activator inhibitor, type I |
| Strain of Origin | 129S2/SvPas |
| Chromosome | 5 |
| Molecular Note | A PGK-neomycin resistance cassette replaced all of the Serpine1 coding sequence and part of the promoter region including the transcription initiation site. Northern blot analysis did not detect Serpine1 mRNA in endotoxin-treated homozygous mutant liver. Neither untreated nor endotoxin-treated homozygous mutant kidney produced detectable SERPINE1 immunoreactivity. A monoclonal antibody based immunofunctional assay did not detect protein levels in plasma of endotoxin-treated homozygous mutant mice. |
| Mutations Made By | Dr. Peter Carmeliet, University of Leuven |
Disease Terms
Research Areas By Genotype
This mouse can be used to support research in many areas including:
Genotype: Serpine1tm1Mlg related
- Cancer Research
- Defects in Cell Adhesion Molecules
- Internal/Organ Research
- Wound Healing
- enhanced
- Wound Healing
Mammalian Phenotype Terms by Genotype
Genotype: Serpine1tm1Mlg/Serpine1tm1Mlg
B6.129S2-Serpine1tm1Mlg/J
cardiovascular system phenotype
- cardiac fibrosis
- older mutants develop cardiac fibrosis, however fibrosis is not seen in the liver, spleen, lungs or kidneys and do not develop small vessel disease (MGI Ref ID J:101486)
- heart inflammation
- older mutants exhibit significantly more macrophages in the heart (MGI Ref ID J:101486)
- increased angiogenesis
- aortic vessel explants show increased capillary sprouting in both collagen lattices and Matrigel (MGI Ref ID J:108675)
immune system phenotype
- heart inflammation
- older mutants exhibit significantly more macrophages in the heart (MGI Ref ID J:101486)
- increased susceptibility to bacterial infection
- following infection with S. pneumoniae strain ATCC 6303 (a more virulent strain), mortality is increased (10% survival compared to 45% in wild-type mice) (MGI Ref ID J:124327)
- following infection with S. pneumoniae, acute lung injury and alveolar hemorrhage is enhanced (MGI Ref ID J:124327)
- following infection with live Streptococcus pneumoniae, S. pneumoniae wild-type lysate, and S. pneumoniae pneumolysin (PLY), mice begin to die earlier and are all dead by 5 days post-infection (MGI Ref ID J:124327)
homeostasis/metabolism phenotype
- abnormal enzyme/coenzyme activity
- 3 weeks after BDL, pro-MMP-9 and MMP-9 activities in liver homogenates from mutants are increased significantly compared to wild-type controls (MGI Ref ID J:123733)
- 3 weeks after BDL, urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA) and plasmin activity are not increased in mutants but tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA) activity is significantly increased relative to wild-type (MGI Ref ID J:123733)
liver/biliary system phenotype
- liver fibrosis
- 3 weeks after bile duct ligation (BDL), hepatic fibrosis is reduced 18-26% compared to wild-type; hepatic collagen content is similar to sham-operated wild-type (MGI Ref ID J:123733)
- liver/biliary system phenotype
- stellate cell activation, TGFbeta-1 and collagen synthesis are similar in mutants and controls before and after bile duct ligation (MGI Ref ID J:123733)
mortality/aging
- increased sensitivity to induced morbidity/mortality
- following infection with S. pneumoniae strain ATCC 6303 (a more virulent strain), mortality is increased (10% survival compared to 45% in wild-type mice) (MGI Ref ID J:124327)
- following infection with live Streptococcus pneumoniae, S. pneumoniae wild-type lysate, and S. pneumoniae pneumolysin (PLY), mice begin to die earlier and are all dead by 5 days post-infection (MGI Ref ID J:124327)
The following phenotype information is associated with a similar, but not exact match to this JAX® Mice strain
Genotype: Serpine1tm1Mlg/Serpine1tm1Mlg
involves: 129S2/SvPas * C57BL/6
growth/size/body region phenotype
- abnormal body weight
- less weight gain on a high fat diet than normal (MGI Ref ID J:87982)
- decreased body weight
- at 2 weeks, mutants remain below initial body weight after turpentine injection-induced weight loss but wild-type mice recover and begin to gain weight around 6-7 days after injection (MGI Ref ID J:133227)
- weight loss
- turpentine injection induces significant weight loss in mutants and wild-type mice in initial 2 days; however, after 2 days, wild-type animals start to recover body weight whereas mutants do not (MGI Ref ID J:133227)
liver/biliary system phenotype
- decreased liver triglyceride level
- lower levels after 12 weeks on a high fat diet (MGI Ref ID J:87982)
integument phenotype
- decreased subcutaneous adipose tissue amount
- subcutaneous white fat pad mass was also reduced (MGI Ref ID J:87982)
immune system phenotype
- abnormal acute inflammation
- C3 peak levels at day 3 are higher than in wild-type (MGI Ref ID J:133227)
- haptoglobin levels do not differ from wild-type at any time after turpentine injection (MGI Ref ID J:133227)
- in mutants after turpentine injection, serum amyloid P and C3 are significantly lower at 24 hours compared to wild-type and display a delayed peak at 3 days after injection (MGI Ref ID J:133227)
- abnormal interleukin level
- local Il6 levels in injured tissue at 8 hours post-injection are lower than in controls (MGI Ref ID J:133227)
- decreased circulating interleukin-6 level
- plasma levels are markedly reduced at 8 hours after turpentine injection (MGI Ref ID J:133227)
- glomerulonephritis
- immune system phenotype
- chemokine levels in injured tissue are similar between mutants and controls, peaking at 1-3 days (MGI Ref ID J:133227)
- increased acute inflammation
- after turpentine injection to hind limb to induce tissue injury, 8 week-old mutants show significantly more local tissue injury compared to controls (MGI Ref ID J:133227)
- treatment resulted in local abscess formation and neutrophilic granulocyte infiltration encapsulated by macrophages and fibroblasts (MGI Ref ID J:133227)
- increased granulocyte number
- relative to controls following turpentine injection (MGI Ref ID J:133227)
- respiratory system inflammation
renal/urinary system phenotype
- glomerular crescent
- higher incidence of fibrin positive crescents (MGI Ref ID J:85989)
- glomerulonephritis
- increased urine protein level
- an earlier enhancement of protein urea (MGI Ref ID J:85989)
cardiovascular system phenotype
- abnormal blood circulation
- decreased angiogenesis
- neovascularization in general is reduced (MGI Ref ID J:65383)
hematopoietic system phenotype
- hematopoietic system phenotype
- bleeding time was normal (MGI Ref ID J:39819)
- increased granulocyte number
- relative to controls following turpentine injection (MGI Ref ID J:133227)
respiratory system phenotype
- abnormal lung morphology
- lung fibrin deposition following bleomycin treatment is almost undetectable compared to treated wild-type mice (MGI Ref ID J:31542)
- no significant bleomycin-induced increase in lung collagen content is detected at 3 weeks posttreatment whereas treated wild-type mice show a significant increase in lung collagen; heterozygous mice are intermediate between null and wild-type in terms of collagen contentcollagen content (MGI Ref ID J:31542)
- respiratory system inflammation
adipose tissue phenotype
- abnormal epididymal fat pad morphology
- after 12 weeks on a high fat diet, epididymal fat pad was only 25% of wild-type (MGI Ref ID J:87982)
- decreased subcutaneous adipose tissue amount
- subcutaneous white fat pad mass was also reduced (MGI Ref ID J:87982)
neoplasm
- neoplasm
- after injection of melanoma cells, number of primary pulmonary metastases post-injection, or tumor burdens initiated by injections of increasing doses of cells do not significantly differ from wild-type controls (MGI Ref ID J:33232)
- no significant differences are observed compared to controls in terms of primary tumor size of footpad tumors induced by foot pad injection with tumor cells at 10, 17, or 21 days post-injection (MGI Ref ID J:33232)
- survival times after foot pad tumor removal are not significantly different among Serpine1-deficient, Serpine1-overexpressing transgenic, or wild-type mice (MGI Ref ID J:33232)
homeostasis/metabolism phenotype
- abnormal energy expenditure
- increased after 12 weeks on a high fat diet (MGI Ref ID J:87982)
- abnormal enzyme/coenzyme activity
- after 8 hours, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity is higher in mutants in hind limb homogenates than in wild-type (MGI Ref ID J:133227)
- abnormal interleukin level
- local Il6 levels in injured tissue at 8 hours post-injection are lower than in controls (MGI Ref ID J:133227)
- decreased circulating interleukin-6 level
- plasma levels are markedly reduced at 8 hours after turpentine injection (MGI Ref ID J:133227)
- decreased liver triglyceride level
- lower levels after 12 weeks on a high fat diet (MGI Ref ID J:87982)
- decreased triglyceride level
- lower levels in both skeletal muscle and liver after 12 weeks on a high fat diet (MGI Ref ID J:87982)
- enhanced wound healing
- increased body temperature
- increased on a high fat diet (MGI Ref ID J:87982)
- increased oxygen consumption
- after 12 weeks on a high fat diet, oxygen consumption is increased (MGI Ref ID J:87982)
- increased urine protein level
- an earlier enhancement of protein urea (MGI Ref ID J:85989)
Genotype: Serpine1tm1Mlg/Serpine1tm1Mlg
involves: 129S2/SvPas * C57BL/6 * C57BLKS/J
homeostasis/metabolism phenotype
- decreased circulating cholesterol level
- mean levels are significantly lower than in wild-type controls and STZ-treated mutants (MGI Ref ID J:127478)
- homeostasis/metabolism phenotype
- mice do not develop significant albuminuria after 6 months of streptozotocin (STZ) -induced diabetes (MGI Ref ID J:127478)
- hyperglycemia
- in streptozotocin-treated (STZ) mice (to induce diabetes), serum glucose is significantly increased compared to untreated mutant or wild-type controls (MGI Ref ID J:127478)
- increased blood urea nitrogen level
- STZ-treated mutants show elevated BUN levels compared to untreated mice, but levels are comparable to STZ-treated wild-type (MGI Ref ID J:127478)
renal/urinary system phenotype
- abnormal kidney morphology
- total kidney collagen in STZ-treated mice increases only 8% compared to 40% in treated wild-type (MGI Ref ID J:127478)
- abnormal renal glomerulus morphology
- glomerular extracellular matrix (ECM) area is greater than in wild-type controls; however, when expressed as fractional glomerular ECM area, little difference is observed between any genotype (MGI Ref ID J:127478)
- glomerular extracellular matrix (ECM) area is significantly higher compared to controls; after 6 months of STZ-induced diabetes, ECM area is decreased 15% compared to Serpine1 single deficient mice while in STZ-treated wild-type mice, ECM area is increased 64% relative to untreated wild-type miceed 64% relative to untreated wild-type mice (MGI Ref ID J:127478)
Genotype: Serpine1tm1Mlg/Serpine1tm1Mlg
involves: 129S2/SvPas
mortality/aging
- decreased sensitivity to xenobiotic induced morbidity/mortality
- in mice treated with LPS (MGI Ref ID J:229191)
immune system phenotype
- decreased susceptibility to endotoxin shock
- LPS-treated mice exhibit increased survival compared with wild-type mice (MGI Ref ID J:229191)
homeostasis/metabolism phenotype
- decreased sensitivity to xenobiotic induced morbidity/mortality
- in mice treated with LPS (MGI Ref ID J:229191)
References
- Carmeliet P; Kieckens L; Schoonjans L; Ream B; van Nuffelen A; Prendergast G; Cole M; Bronson R; Collen D; Mulligan RC. 1993. Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 gene-deficient mice. I. Generation by homologous recombination and characterization. J Clin Invest 92(6):2746-55. PubMed: 8254028MGI: J:39819
Additional References
- Carmeliet P; Stassen JM; Schoonjans L; Ream B; van den Oord JJ; De Mol M; Mulligan RC; Collen D. 1993. Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 gene-deficient mice. II. Effects on hemostasis, thrombosis, and thrombolysis. J Clin Invest 92(6):2756-60. PubMed: 8254029MGI: J:67715
- Chan JC; Duszczyszyn DA; Castellino FJ; Ploplis VA. 2001. Accelerated skin wound healing in plasminogen activator inhibitor-1-deficient mice. Am J Pathol 159(5):1681-8. PubMed: 11696429MGI: J:72394
- Hattori N; Mizuno S; Yoshida Y; Chin K; Mishima M; Sisson TH; Simon RH; Nakamura T; Miyake M. 2004. The plasminogen activation system reduces fibrosis in the lung by a hepatocyte growth factor-dependent mechanism. Am J Pathol 164(3):1091-8. PubMed: 14982862MGI: J:88462
- Ma LJ; Mao SL; Taylor KL; Kanjanabuch T; Guan Y; Zhang Y; Brown NJ; Swift LL; McGuinness OP; Wasserman DH; Vaughan DE; Fogo AB. 2004. Prevention of obesity and insulin resistance in mice lacking plasminogen activator inhibitor 1. Diabetes 53(2):336-46. PubMed: 14747283MGI: J:87982
Additional - Serpine1tm1Mlg related
- Allen GB; Cloutier ME; Larrabee YC; Tetenev K; Smiley ST; Bates JH. 2009. Neither fibrin nor plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 deficiency protects lung function in a mouse model of acute lung injury. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 296(3):L277-85. PubMed: 19060228MGI: J:146313
- Almholt K; Nielsen BS; Frandsen TL; Brunner N; Dano K; Johnsen M. 2003. Metastasis of transgenic breast cancer in plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 gene-deficient mice. Oncogene 22(28):4389-97. PubMed: 12853975MGI: J:84633
- Ardite E; Perdiguero E; Vidal B; Gutarra S; Serrano AL; Munoz-Canoves P. 2012. PAI-1-regulated miR-21 defines a novel age-associated fibrogenic pathway in muscular dystrophy. J Cell Biol 196(1):163-75. PubMed: 22213800MGI: J:179966
- Arndt PG; Young SK; Worthen GS. 2005. Regulation of lipopolysaccharide-induced lung inflammation by plasminogen activator Inhibitor-1 through a JNK-mediated pathway. J Immunol 175(6):4049-59. PubMed: 16148154MGI: J:116702
- Bajou K; Herkenne S; Thijssen VL; D'Amico S; Nguyen NQ; Bouche A; Tabruyn S; Srahna M; Carabin JY; Nivelles O; Paques C; Cornelissen I; Lion M; Noel A; Gils A; Vinckier S; Declerck PJ; Griffioen AW; Dewerchin M; Martial JA; Carmeliet P; Struman I. 2014. PAI-1 mediates the antiangiogenic and profibrinolytic effects of 16K prolactin. Nat Med 20(7):741-7. PubMed: 24929950MGI: J:227609
- Bajou K; Maillard C; Jost M; Lijnen RH; Gils A; Declerck P; Carmeliet P; Foidart JM; Noel A. 2004. Host-derived plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) concentration is critical for in vivo tumoral angiogenesis and growth. Oncogene 23(41):6986-90. PubMed: 15286708MGI: J:93782
- Bajou K; Noel A; Gerard RD; Masson V; Brunner N; Holst-Hansen C; Skobe M; Fusenig NE; Carmeliet P; Collen D; Foidart JM. 1998. Absence of host plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 prevents cancer invasion and vascularization. Nat Med 4(8):923-8. PubMed: 9701244MGI: J:49535
- Bajou K; Peng H; Laug WE; Maillard C; Noel A; Foidart JM; Martial JA; DeClerck YA. 2008. Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 protects endothelial cells from FasL-mediated apoptosis. Cancer Cell 14(4):324-34. PubMed: 18835034MGI: J:140088
- Bajt ML; Yan HM; Farhood A; Jaeschke H. 2008. Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 limits liver injury and facilitates regeneration after acetaminophen overdose. Toxicol Sci 104(2):419-27. PubMed: 18469330MGI: J:139782
- Balsara RD; Castellino FJ; Ploplis VA. 2006. A novel function of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 in modulation of the AKT pathway in wild-type and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1-deficient endothelial cells. J Biol Chem 281(32):22527-36. PubMed: 16785241MGI: J:116488
- Basu A; Menicucci G; Maestas J; Das A; McGuire P. 2009. Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) facilitates retinal angiogenesis in a model of oxygen-induced retinopathy. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 50(10):4974-81. PubMed: 19443721MGI: J:154543
- Bauman KA; Wettlaufer SH; Okunishi K; Vannella KM; Stoolman JS; Huang SK; Courey AJ; White ES; Hogaboam CM; Simon RH; Toews GB; Sisson TH; Moore BB; Peters-Golden M. 2010. The antifibrotic effects of plasminogen activation occur via prostaglandin E2 synthesis in humans and mice. J Clin Invest 120(6):1950-60. PubMed: 20501949MGI: J:161628
- Beier JI; Kaiser JP; Guo L; Martinez-Maldonado M; Arteel GE. 2011. Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 deficient mice are protected from angiotensin II-induced fibrosis. Arch Biochem Biophys 510(1):19-26. PubMed: 21501583MGI: J:177896
- Bergheim I; Guo L; Davis MA; Duveau I; Arteel GE. 2006. Critical role of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 in cholestatic liver injury and fibrosis. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 316(2):592-600. PubMed: 16221737MGI: J:136744
- Bhandary YP; Shetty SK; Marudamuthu AS; Ji HL; Neuenschwander PF; Boggaram V; Morris GF; Fu J; Idell S; Shetty S. 2013. Regulation of Lung Injury and Fibrosis by p53-Mediated Changes in Urokinase and Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1. Am J Pathol 183(1):131-43. PubMed: 23665346MGI: J:197439
- Boulaftali Y; Adam F; Venisse L; Ollivier V; Richard B; Taieb S; Monard D; Favier R; Alessi MC; Bryckaert M; Arocas V; Jandrot-Perrus M; Bouton MC. 2010. Anticoagulant and antithrombotic properties of platelet protease nexin-1. Blood 115(1):97-106. PubMed: 19855083MGI: J:155899
- Brodsky S; Chen J; Lee A; Akassoglou K; Norman J; Goligorsky MS. 2001. Plasmin-dependent and -independent effects of plasminogen activators and inhibitor-1 on ex vivo angiogenesis. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 281(4):H1784-92. PubMed: 11557572MGI: J:108675
- Bruyere F; Melen-Lamalle L; Blacher S; Detry B; Masset A; Lecomte J; Lambert V; Maillard C; Hoyer-Hansen G; Lund LR; Foidart JM; Noel A. 2010. Does plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 drive lymphangiogenesis? PLoS One 5(3):e9653. PubMed: 20300183MGI: J:158909
- Carmeliet P; Stassen JM; Schoonjans L; Ream B; van den Oord JJ; De Mol M; Mulligan RC; Collen D. 1993. Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 gene-deficient mice. II. Effects on hemostasis, thrombosis, and thrombolysis. J Clin Invest 92(6):2756-60. PubMed: 8254029MGI: J:67715
- Chan JC; Duszczyszyn DA; Castellino FJ; Ploplis VA. 2001. Accelerated skin wound healing in plasminogen activator inhibitor-1-deficient mice. Am J Pathol 159(5):1681-8. PubMed: 11696429MGI: J:72394
- Cho E; Lee KJ; Seo JW; Byun CJ; Chung SJ; Suh DC; Carmeliet P; Koh JY; Kim JS; Lee JY. 2012. Neuroprotection by urokinase plasminogen activator in the hippocampus. Neurobiol Dis 46(1):215-24. PubMed: 22293605MGI: J:182295
- Chuang-Tsai S; Sisson TH; Hattori N; Tsai CG; Subbotina NM; Hanson KE; Simon RH. 2003. Reduction in fibrotic tissue formation in mice genetically deficient in plasminogen activator inhibitor-1. Am J Pathol 163(2):445-52. PubMed: 12875966MGI: J:109418
- Collins SJ; Alexander SL; Lopez-Guisa JM; Cai X; Maruvada R; Chua SC; Zhang G; Okamura DM; Matsuo S; Eddy AA. 2006. Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 deficiency has renal benefits but some adverse systemic consequences in diabetic mice. Nephron Exp Nephrol 104(1):e23-34. PubMed: 16735799MGI: J:127478
- Courey AJ; Horowitz JC; Kim KK; Koh TJ; Novak ML; Subbotina N; Warnock M; Xue B; Cunningham AK; Lin Y; Goldklang MP; Simon RH; Lawrence DA; Sisson TH. 2011. The vitronectin-binding function of PAI-1 exacerbates lung fibrosis in mice. Blood 118(8):2313-21. PubMed: 21734232MGI: J:177097
- De Taeye BM; Novitskaya T; Gleaves L; Covington JW; Vaughan DE. 2006. Bone marrow plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 influences the development of obesity. J Biol Chem 281(43):32796-805. PubMed: 16931518MGI: J:117279
- Dhahri D; Sato-Kusubata K; Ohki-Koizumi M; Nishida C; Tashiro Y; Munakata S; Shimazu H; Salama Y; Eiamboonsert S; Nakauchi H; Hattori K; Heissig B. 2016. Fibrinolytic crosstalk with endothelial cells expands murine mesenchymal stromal cells. Blood 128(8):1063-75. PubMed: 27283026MGI: J:236265
- DiMusto PD; Lu G; Ghosh A; Roelofs KJ; Su G; Zhao Y; Lau CL; Sadiq O; McEvoy B; Laser A; Diaz JA; Wakefield TW; Henke PK; Eliason JL; Upchurch GR Jr. 2012. Increased PAI-1 in females compared with males is protective for abdominal aortic aneurysm formation in a rodent model. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 302(7):H1378-86. PubMed: 22307671MGI: J:186579
- Dittmann M; Hoffmann HH; Scull MA; Gilmore RH; Bell KL; Ciancanelli M; Wilson SJ; Crotta S; Yu Y; Flatley B; Xiao JW; Casanova JL; Wack A; Bieniasz PD; Rice CM. 2015. A serpin shapes the extracellular environment to prevent influenza A virus maturation. Cell 160(4):631-43. PubMed: 25679759MGI: J:219872
- Dougherty KM; Pearson JM; Yang AY; Westrick RJ; Baker MS; Ginsburg D. 1999. The plasminogen activator inhibitor-2 gene is not required for normal murine development or survival. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 96(2):686-91. PubMed: 9892694MGI: J:52283
- Ebrahimian TG; Squiban C; Roque T; Lugo-Martinez H; Hneino M; Buard V; Gourmelon P; Benderitter M; Milliat F; Tamarat R. 2012. Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 controls bone marrow-derived cells therapeutic effect through MMP9 signaling: role in physiological and pathological wound healing. Stem Cells 30(7):1436-46. PubMed: 22570200MGI: J:194569
- Eitzman DT; Krauss JC; Shen T; Cui J; Ginsburg. 1996. Lack of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 effect in a transgenic mouse model of metastatic melanoma. Blood 87(11):4718-22. PubMed: 8639841MGI: J:33232
- Eitzman DT; McCoy RD; Zheng X; Fay WP; Shen T; Ginsburg D; Simon RH. 1996. Bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in transgenic mice that either lack or overexpress the murine plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 gene. J Clin Invest 97(1):232-7. PubMed: 8550840MGI: J:31542
- Eitzman DT; Westrick RJ; Nabel EG; Ginsburg D. 2000. Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 and vitronectin promote vascular thrombosis in mice. Blood 95(2):577-80. PubMed: 10627465MGI: J:110259
- Eitzman DT; Westrick RJ; Xu Z; Tyson J; Ginsburg D. 2000. Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 deficiency protects against atherosclerosis progression in the mouse carotid artery. Blood 96(13):4212-5. PubMed: 11110693MGI: J:106740
- Eren M; Boe AE; Murphy SB; Place AT; Nagpal V; Morales-Nebreda L; Urich D; Quaggin SE; Budinger GR; Mutlu GM; Miyata T; Vaughan DE. 2014. PAI-1-regulated extracellular proteolysis governs senescence and survival in Klotho mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 111(19):7090-5. PubMed: 24778222MGI: J:211073
- Eren M; Place AT; Thomas PM; Flevaris P; Miyata T; Vaughan DE. 2017. PAI-1 is a critical regulator of FGF23 homeostasis. Sci Adv 3(9):e1603259. PubMed: 28924605MGI: J:258175
- Fang H; Placencio VR; DeClerck YA. 2012. Protumorigenic activity of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 through an antiapoptotic function. J Natl Cancer Inst 104(19):1470-84. PubMed: 22984202MGI: J:191274
- Fen Li C; Kandel C; Baliko F; Nadesan P; Brunner N; Alman BA. 2005. Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) modifies the formation of aggressive fibromatosis (desmoid tumor). Oncogene 24(9):1615-24. PubMed: 15674349MGI: J:96994
- Ghosh AK; Bradham WS; Gleaves LA; De Taeye B; Murphy SB; Covington JW; Vaughan DE. 2010. Genetic deficiency of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 promotes cardiac fibrosis in aged mice: involvement of constitutive transforming growth factor-beta signaling and endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Circulation 122(12):1200-9. PubMed: 20823384MGI: J:179489
- Ghosh AK; Murphy SB; Kishore R; Vaughan DE. 2013. Global gene expression profiling in PAI-1 knockout murine heart and kidney: molecular basis of cardiac-selective fibrosis. PLoS One 8(5):e63825. PubMed: 23724005MGI: J:200713
- Gupta KK; Donahue DL; Sandoval-Cooper MJ; Castellino FJ; Ploplis VA. 2015. Abrogation of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1-vitronectin interaction ameliorates acute kidney injury in murine endotoxemia. PLoS One 10(3):e0120728. PubMed: 25799354MGI: J:229191
- Gupta KK; Xu Z; Castellino FJ; Ploplis VA. 2016. Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 stimulates macrophage activation through Toll-like Receptor-4. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 477(3):503-8. PubMed: 27317488MGI: J:236488
- Gutierrez LS; Schulman A; Brito-Robinson T; Noria F; Ploplis VA; Castellino FJ. 2000. Tumor development is retarded in mice lacking the gene for urokinase-type plasminogen activator or its inhibitor, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 Cancer Res 60(20):5839-47. PubMed: 11059781MGI: J:65383
- Harslund J; Nielsen OL; Brunner N; Offenberg H. 2007. Gender-dependent physiological implications of combined PAI-1 and TIMP-1 gene deficiency characterized in a mouse model. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 293(4):R1630-9. PubMed: 17652357MGI: J:145130
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