JAX Mouse Strain Datasheet - 001026

BALB/cByJ

Stock No:: 001026

Inbred Strain

Readily Available

Overview

Also Known As: BALB Bailey, BALB/c Bailey J, CBy

BALB/c mice are particularly well known for the production of plasmacytoma on injection with mineral oil, forming the basis for the production of monoclonal antibodies. Mammary tumor incidence is normally low, but infection with mammary tumor virus by fostering to MMTV⁺ C3H mice dramatically increases tumor number and age of onset. BALB/c mice develop other cancers later in life, including reticular neoplasm, primary lung tumors, and renal tumors. BALB/cByJ was separated from the BALB/cJ strain in 1935. BALB/cByJ mice have the advantage of better reproductive performance and less aggression than the BALB/cJ substrain. Rare spontaneous myoepitheliomas arising from myoepithelial cells of various exocrine glands have been observed in the BALB/cByJ substrain. BALB/cByJ has a deletion in the Qa2 subregion of the murine MHC. A deficiency of Acads (acyl-Coenzyme A dehydrogenase, short chain) leads to severe organic aciduria. BALB/cByJ develop a fatty liver upon fasting or dietary fat challenge and become hypoglycemic after an 18-hour fast.

Genetic overview

Genetic Background	Generation
	F241pF246 (14-AUG-14)

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Research Applications

Cancer Research
Immunology, Inflammation and Autoimmunity Research
Neurobiology Research
Research Tools
Sensorineural Research

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Base Price

Starting at:

$30.56 Domestic price for female 3-week

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Details

Important Note

This strain is homozygous for Cdh23^ahl, the age related hearing loss 1 mutation, which on this background results in progressive hearing loss with onset after 10 months of age.

Detailed Description

BALB/c mice are particularly well known for the production of plasmacytomas following injection with mineral oil, forming the basis for the production of monoclonal antibodies. Although not all BALB/c substrains have been examined for plasmacytoma induction, substrains derived from the Andervont (An) lineage (which includes BALB/cByJ) typically are susceptible, while those descended from BALB/cJ are resistant (see: Potter M, 1985). Mammary tumor incidence is normally low, but infection with mammary tumor virus by fostering to MMTV⁺ C3H mice dramatically increases tumor number and age of onset. BALB/c mice develop other cancers later in life including reticular neoplasms, primary lung tumors, and renal tumors. Rare spontaneous myoepitheliomas arising from myoepithelial cells of various exocrine glands have been observed in both BALB/cJ and BALB/cByJ substrains. BALB/cByJ has a deletion in the Qa2 subregion of the murine MHC.

Selected References

Bentvelzen P; Daams JH; Hageman P; Calafat J. 1970. Genetic transmission of viruses that incite mammary tumor in mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 67(1):377-84. PubMed: 4318784 MGI: J:24803
Champy MF; Selloum M; Zeitler V; Caradec C; Jung B; Rousseau S; Pouilly L; Sorg T; Auwerx J. 2008. Genetic background determines metabolic phenotypes in the mouse. Mamm Genome 19(5):318-31. PubMed: 18392653 MGI: J:137669
Ebbesen P. 1971. Reticulosarcoma and amyloid development in BALB/c mice inoculated with syngeneic cells from young and old donors. J Natl Cancer Inst 47(6):1241-5. PubMed: 4941118 MGI: J:24297
Heston WE; Vlahakis G. 1971. Mammary tumors, plaques, and hyperplastic alveolar nodules in various combinations of mouse inbred strains and the different lines of the mammary tumor virus. Int J Cancer 7(1):141-8. PubMed: 4322934 MGI: J:24674
Hinsdale ME; Kelly CL; Wood PA. 1993. Null allele at Bcd-1 locus in BALB/cByJ mice is due to a deletion in the short-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase gene and results in missplicing of mRNA. Genomics 16(3):605-11. PubMed: 8325633 MGI: J:12776
Petkov PM; Cassell MA; Sargent EE; Donnelly CJ; Robinson P; Crew V; Asquith S; Haar RV; Wiles MV. 2004. Development of a SNP genotyping panel for genetic monitoring of the laboratory mouse. Genomics 83(5):902-11. PubMed: 15081119 MGI: J:89298
Roderick TH; Langley SH; Leiter EH. 1985. Some unusual genetic characteristics of BALB/c and evidence for genetic variation among BALB/c substrains. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 122:9-18. PubMed: 3899524 MGI: J:24307
Smith Richards BK; Belton BN; York B; Volaufova J. 2004. Mice bearing Acads mutation display altered postingestive but not 5-s orosensory response to dietary fat. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 286(2):R311-9. PubMed: 14592933 MGI: J:87779
Sundberg JP; Hanson CA; Roop DR; Brown KS; Bedigian HG. 1991. Myoepitheliomas in inbred laboratory mice. Vet Pathol 28(4):313-23. PubMed: 1719689 MGI: J:22767
Wood PA; Amendt BA; Rhead WJ; Millington DS; Inoue F; Armstrong D. 1989. Short-chain acyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase deficiency in mice. Pediatr Res 25(1):38-43. PubMed: 2919115 MGI: J:14707
Wood PA; Hinsdale ME; Kelly CL. 1993. Molecular detection of the Bcd-1 null allele in BALB/cByJ mice by polymerase chain reaction: a simple assay for genetic monitoring Mouse Genome 91(2):342-44. MGI: J:12812

View All References

Genetics

Acads^del-J

Allele Symbol: Acads^del-J

Allele Name	deletion, Jackson
Allele Type	Spontaneous
Allele Synonym(s)	Bcd-1^c; Scad
Gene Symbol and Name	Acads, acyl-Coenzyme A dehydrogenase, short chain
Gene Synonym(s)	ACAD3; AI196007; Bcd-1; Bcd-1; Bcd1; Bcd1; HDL QTL 8; Hdlq8; Hdlq8; SCAD; Scad; butyryl CoA dehydrogenase 1; expressed sequence AI196007
Strain of Origin	BALB/cByJ
Chromosome	5
Molecular Note	A 278bp deletion occurs which starts in intron "A" and includes exon "B" and the first 78bp of exon "C". As a result of this deletion, mRNA transcription is reduced to about 35% of normal and includes two forms, a longer normal length transcript and a shorter misspliced form. If these mRNAs were translated they both would result in truncated products. Protein product is undetectable immunologically and there is a total absence of enzyme activity.

Ahr^b-2

Allele Symbol: Ahr^b-2

Allele Name	b-2 variant
Allele Type	Not Applicable
Allele Synonym(s)	Ah^b-2; Ah^h
Gene Symbol and Name	Ahr, aryl-hydrocarbon receptor
Gene Synonym(s)	Ah; Ahh; Ahre; In; aromatic hydrocarbon responsiveness; aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase; bHLHe76; dioxin receptor; inflammatory reactivity
Strain of Origin	BALB/cBy
Chromosome	12
General Note	C57BL/6 carries the responsive Ahr^b allele; DBA/2 carries nonresponsive Ahr^d. Heterozygotes (Ahr^b/Ahr^d) are responsive (J:5282). Later work identified a second (J:8895) and later a third (J:22144) allele conferring response. Thus the allele in C57, C58, and MA/My strains is now Ahr^b-1; Ahr^b-2 is carried by BALB/cBy, A, and C3H; and Ahr^b-3 by Mus spretus, M. caroli, and MOLF/Ei. The nonresponsive strains AKR, DBA/2, and 129 carry Ahrd (J:22144). Nucleotide and amino acid sequence differences between Ahr^b-1 and Ahr^d have been determined (J:17460). Strain of origin - this allele was found in BALB/cByJ, A/J, C3H/HeJ, CBA strains
Molecular Note	This allele encodes a high affinity, heat labile, 104 kDa receptor containing 848 amino acids. Sequencing studies of cDNA from C57BL/6J congenic mice homozygous for this allele identified nucleotide substitutions in the ORF that would cause 5 amino acid differences between the C57BL/6J and BALB/cBy peptides, and 2 amino acid differences between the BALB/cBy and DBA/2J peptides. A T to C transition in exon 11 replaces the opal termination codon in the C57BL/6J allele with an arginine codon in the BALB/cBy allele. This change would extend translation of the BALB/cBy mRNA by 43 amino acids, accounting for the larger size of the peptide produced by this allele (104 kDa, vs 95 kDa for the C57BL/6J allele).

Cdh23^ahl

Allele Symbol: Cdh23^ahl

Allele Name	age related hearing loss 1
Allele Type	Spontaneous
Allele Synonym(s)	Cdh23^753A; mdfw
Gene Symbol and Name	Cdh23, cadherin 23 (otocadherin)
Gene Synonym(s)	4930542A03Rik; 4930542A03Rik; CDHR23; RIKEN cDNA 4930542A03 gene; USH1D; W; age related hearing loss 1; ahl; ahl; bob; bob; bobby; bus; bustling; mdfw; mdfw; modifier of deaf waddler; neuroscience mutagenesis facility, 112; neuroscience mutagenesis facility, 181; neuroscience mutagenesis facility, 252; nmf112; nmf112; nmf181; nmf181; nmf252; nmf252; sals; sals; salsa; v; waltzer
Strain of Origin	multiple strains
Chromosome	10
Molecular Note	Genetic complementation tests have shown allelism between the mdfw (modifier of deaf waddler) locus and the ahl locus. Further analysis has shown this is caused by a G to A transition at nucleotide position 753 of Cdh23. This hypomorphic allele causes in frame skipping of exon 7, which is predicted to delete part of the 2nd and 3rd ectodomains, and cause reduced message stability. Twenty-seven strains classified with ahl and carrying the 753A allele include: CD1, RBF/DnJ, PL/J, AKR/J, RF/J, BALB/cBy, A/WySnJ, P/J, SENCARA/PtJ, DBA/1J, ALS/LtJ, C58/J, C57BLKS/J, 129P1/ReJ, C57BR/cd, SKH2/J, BUB/Bn, MA/MyJ, LP/J, 129X1/SvJ, NOR/LtJ, A/J, C57BL/6, NOD/LtJ, DBA/2J, ALR/LtJ, C57L/J. Strains classified with ahl that DO NOT carry this mutation include: C3H/HeSnJ, I/LnJ, YBR/Ei, MRL/MpJ.

Hld

Allele Symbol: Hld

Allele Name	hippocampal lamination defect
Allele Type	Spontaneous
Allele Synonym(s)
Gene Symbol and Name	Hld, hippocampal lamination defect
Gene Synonym(s)
Strain of Origin	BALB/cJ
Chromosome	UN

Mdmg1

Marker Symbol: Mdmg1

Marker Synonym(s)	Mdmg-1; Mdmg-1
Chromosome(s)	17

Disease/Phenotype

Disease Terms

Research Areas By Genotype

This mouse can be used to support research in many areas including:

Cancer Research
- Increased Tumor Incidence
  - Mammary Gland Tumors
  - Mammary Gland Tumors: late onset
Immunology, Inflammation and Autoimmunity Research
- Autoimmunity
  - experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE)
Neurobiology Research
- Hearing Defects
  - Age related hearing loss
- Neurodevelopmental Defects
  - callosal agenesis, incomplete penetrance
Research Tools
- Cancer Research
  - monoclonal antibodies, myeloma and hybridoma production
- General Purpose
- Immunology, Inflammation and Autoimmunity Research
  - background strain for histocompatibility congenics
Sensorineural Research
- Hearing Defects
  - Age related hearing loss

Genotype: Cdh23^ahl related

Neurobiology Research
- Hearing Defects
  - Age related hearing loss
Sensorineural Research
- Hearing Defects
  - Age related hearing loss

Mammalian Phenotype Terms by Genotype

Genotype: Acads^del-J/Acads^del-J
BALB/cByJ

behavior/neurological phenotype

abnormal food preference
- given a choice, selection of a fat/protein diet declines with time

abnormal liquid preference
- did not develop a preference for drinking water containing a corn oil emulsion

homeostasis/metabolism phenotype

abnormal adaptive thermogenesis
- body temperature in most BALB/cByJ mice dropped 10 degrees C in less than 4 h at 4 degrees C, with none able to maintain body temperature for longer than 8 h in the cold

abnormal circulating amino acid level
- serum glycine concentrations are markedly lower than controls

abnormal fatty acid oxidation
- block in short-chain fatty acid oxidation shown by reduced butyryl-CoA dehydrogenation in liver mitochondria

aciduria
- ethylmalonate, methylsuccinate, and butyrylglycine urinary excretion is higher than in controls
- markedly increased urinary concentrations of ethylmalonic and methylsuccinic acids, and N-butyrylglycine in nonfasting and fasting mice, and remained elevated with or without medium chain triglyceride challenge
- organic aciduria at 7-14 weeks of age, caused by relatively large amounts of n-butyrylglycine and ethylmalonate in the urine
- upon dosing with carnitine, mice excrete large amounts of butyryl-carnitine in the urine

decreased circulating carnitine level
- slightly lower plasma carnitine level

hypoglycemia
- hypoglycemia develops after 18 hours of fasting with mean serum glucose measuring less than half of control values

increased circulating HDL cholesterol level
- HDL levels were significantly increased in mutant mice for both males and females fed either a regular chow or a high-fat diet

liver/biliary system phenotype

hepatic steatosis
- fat deposits accumulate in the liver after 18 hours of fasting or with dietary fat challenge

renal/urinary system phenotype

aciduria
- ethylmalonate, methylsuccinate, and butyrylglycine urinary excretion is higher than in controls
- markedly increased urinary concentrations of ethylmalonic and methylsuccinic acids, and N-butyrylglycine in nonfasting and fasting mice, and remained elevated with or without medium chain triglyceride challenge
- organic aciduria at 7-14 weeks of age, caused by relatively large amounts of n-butyrylglycine and ethylmalonate in the urine
- upon dosing with carnitine, mice excrete large amounts of butyryl-carnitine in the urine

cellular phenotype

abnormal fatty acid oxidation
- block in short-chain fatty acid oxidation shown by reduced butyryl-CoA dehydrogenation in liver mitochondria

muscle phenotype

abnormal skeletal muscle morphology
- wehn dosed with carnitine, mutant muscle exhibits a 9-fold increase in butyryl-carnitine concentration compared to controls

Genotype: Hld/Hld
either: BALB/cByJ or BALB/cJ

nervous system phenotype

abnormal dendrite morphology
- abnormally positioned by being late-generated
- cell bodies are located below the intrapyramidal mossy fiber layer

abnormal hippocampal mossy fiber morphology

abnormal hippocampus CA3 region morphology
- there is abnormal lamination of this cell layer resulting in superficial early generated neurons and deep late-generated neurons

abnormal hippocampus layer morphology
- Background Sensitivity - the anomaly is also seen in BALB/cByJ, F1 mice involving BALB sublines noted, and some CXB RI lines; C57BL/6J is considered wild-type for this feature
- this is secondary to a defect in neuronal migration

abnormal hippocampus morphology

abnormal neuronal migration

ectopic hippocampus pyramidal cells
- located below the intrapyramidal layer; some of the ectopic cells have short, fine-caliber dendritic branches arising near the points of contact of the intrapyramidal mossy fibers

cellular phenotype

abnormal neuronal migration

Phenotype Information

Body Weight Information - JAX^® Mice Strain BALB/cByJ (001026)

References

Bentvelzen P; Daams JH; Hageman P; Calafat J. 1970. Genetic transmission of viruses that incite mammary tumor in mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 67(1):377-84. PubMed: 4318784 MGI: J:24803
Champy MF; Selloum M; Zeitler V; Caradec C; Jung B; Rousseau S; Pouilly L; Sorg T; Auwerx J. 2008. Genetic background determines metabolic phenotypes in the mouse. Mamm Genome 19(5):318-31. PubMed: 18392653 MGI: J:137669
Ebbesen P. 1971. Reticulosarcoma and amyloid development in BALB/c mice inoculated with syngeneic cells from young and old donors. J Natl Cancer Inst 47(6):1241-5. PubMed: 4941118 MGI: J:24297
Heston WE; Vlahakis G. 1971. Mammary tumors, plaques, and hyperplastic alveolar nodules in various combinations of mouse inbred strains and the different lines of the mammary tumor virus. Int J Cancer 7(1):141-8. PubMed: 4322934 MGI: J:24674
Hinsdale ME; Kelly CL; Wood PA. 1993. Null allele at Bcd-1 locus in BALB/cByJ mice is due to a deletion in the short-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase gene and results in missplicing of mRNA. Genomics 16(3):605-11. PubMed: 8325633 MGI: J:12776
Petkov PM; Cassell MA; Sargent EE; Donnelly CJ; Robinson P; Crew V; Asquith S; Haar RV; Wiles MV. 2004. Development of a SNP genotyping panel for genetic monitoring of the laboratory mouse. Genomics 83(5):902-11. PubMed: 15081119 MGI: J:89298
Roderick TH; Langley SH; Leiter EH. 1985. Some unusual genetic characteristics of BALB/c and evidence for genetic variation among BALB/c substrains. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 122:9-18. PubMed: 3899524 MGI: J:24307
Smith Richards BK; Belton BN; York B; Volaufova J. 2004. Mice bearing Acads mutation display altered postingestive but not 5-s orosensory response to dietary fat. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 286(2):R311-9. PubMed: 14592933 MGI: J:87779
Sundberg JP; Hanson CA; Roop DR; Brown KS; Bedigian HG. 1991. Myoepitheliomas in inbred laboratory mice. Vet Pathol 28(4):313-23. PubMed: 1719689 MGI: J:22767
Wood PA; Amendt BA; Rhead WJ; Millington DS; Inoue F; Armstrong D. 1989. Short-chain acyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase deficiency in mice. Pediatr Res 25(1):38-43. PubMed: 2919115 MGI: J:14707
Wood PA; Hinsdale ME; Kelly CL. 1993. Molecular detection of the Bcd-1 null allele in BALB/cByJ mice by polymerase chain reaction: a simple assay for genetic monitoring Mouse Genome 91(2):342-44. MGI: J:12812

Additional References

Bouwknecht JA; Paylor R. 2002. Behavioral and physiological mouse assays for anxiety: a survey in nine mouse strains. Behav Brain Res 136(2):489-501. PubMed: 12429412 MGI: J:80397
Depis F; Kwon HK; Mathis D; Benoist C. 2016. Unstable FoxP3+ T regulatory cells in NZW mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A :. PubMed: 26768846 MGI: J:227903
Flaherty L; DiBiase K; Lynes MA; Seidman JG; Weinberger O; Rinchik EM. 1985. Characterization of a Q subregion gene in the murine major histocompatibility complex. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 82(5):1503-7. PubMed: 2983348 MGI: J:7763
International Nomenclature Committee. 1952. COMMITTEE on Standardized Nomenclature for Inbred Strains of Mice Cancer Res 12(8):602-13. PubMed: 14945054 MGI: J:166288
Moy SS; Nadler JJ; Young NB; Perez A; Holloway LP; Barbaro RP; Barbaro JR; Wilson LM; Threadgill DW; Lauder JM; Magnuson TR; Crawley JN. 2007. Mouse behavioral tasks relevant to autism: phenotypes of 10 inbred strains. Behav Brain Res 176(1):4-20. PubMed: 16971002 MGI: J:138682
Sass B; Peters RL; Kelloff GJ. 1976. Differences in tumor incidence in two substrains of Claude BALB/c (BALB/cfCd) mice, emphasizing renal, mammary, pancreatic, and synovial tumors. Lab Anim Sci 26(5):736-41. PubMed: 185454 MGI: J:24705
Smith BK; Andrews PK; West DB. 2000. Macronutrient diet selection in thirteen mouse strains. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 278(4):R797-805. PubMed: 10749765 MGI: J:61602
Southwick CH; Clark LH. 1966. Agressive behavior and exploratory activity in fourteen mouse strains Am Zool 6:559. MGI: J:23455
Teuscher C; Blankenhorn EP; Hickey WF. 1987. Differential susceptibility to actively induced experimental allergic encephalomyelitis and experimental allergic orchitis among BALB/c substrains. Cell Immunol 110(2):294-304. PubMed: 2446778 MGI: J:149656

Additional - Acads^del-J related

Amendt BA; Freneaux E; Reece C; Wood PA; Rhead WJ. 1992. Short-chain acyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase activity, antigen, and biosynthesis are absent in the BALB/cByJ mouse. Pediatr Res 31(6):552-6. PubMed: 1635815 MGI: J:1360
Armstrong DL; Masiowski ML; Wood PA. 1993. Pathologic characterization of short-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency in BALB/cByJ mice. Am J Med Genet 47(6):884-92. PubMed: 8279487 MGI: J:15293
Guerra C; Koza RA; Walsh K; Kurtz DM; Wood PA; Kozak LP. 1998. Abnormal nonshivering thermogenesis in mice with inherited defects of fatty acid oxidation. J Clin Invest 102(9):1724-31. PubMed: 9802886 MGI: J:50729
Kaiko GE; Ryu SH; Koues OI; Collins PL; Solnica-Krezel L; Pearce EJ; Pearce EL; Oltz EM; Stappenbeck TS. 2016. The Colonic Crypt Protects Stem Cells from Microbiota-Derived Metabolites. Cell 165(7):1708-20. PubMed: 27264604 MGI: J:234545
Kruger C; Kumar KG; Mynatt RL; Volaufova J; Richards BK. 2012. Brain transcriptional responses to high-fat diet in Acads-deficient mice reveal energy sensing pathways. PLoS One 7(8):e41709. PubMed: 22936979 MGI: J:191682
Prochazka M; Leiter E. 1985. A null activity variant found at the butyryl CoA dehydrogenase (Bcd-1) locus in BALB/cByJ subline. Mouse News Lett 75:31. MGI: J:14101
Qureshi IA; Leblanc D; Cyr D; Giguere R; Mitchell G. 1993. Breeding experiments to combine the X-linked sparse-fur (spf) mutation with the autosomal recessive BALB/cByJ strain: testing the biochemical phenotype of double-mutant mice as a model for ammonia: fatty acyl CoA synergism. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 191(2):744-9. PubMed: 8461026 MGI: J:4165
Reue K; Cohen RD. 1996. Acads gene deletion in BALB/cByJ mouse strain occurred after 1981 and is not present in BALB/cByJ-fld mutant mice. Mamm Genome 7(9):694-5. PubMed: 8703125 MGI: J:35550
Schiffer SP; Prochazka M; Jezyk PF; Roderick TH; Yudkoff M; Patterson DF. 1989. Organic aciduria and butyryl CoA dehydrogenase deficiency in BALB/cByJ mice. Biochem Genet 27(1-2):47-58. PubMed: 2712823 MGI: J:9743
Schuler AM; Gower BA; Matern D; Rinaldo P; Vockley J; Wood PA. 2005. Synergistic heterozygosity in mice with inherited enzyme deficiencies of mitochondrial fatty acid beta-oxidation. Mol Genet Metab 85(1):7-11. PubMed: 15862275 MGI: J:98027
Schuler AM; Gower BA; Matern D; Rinaldo P; Wood PA. 2004. Influence of dietary fatty acid chain-length on metabolic tolerance in mouse models of inherited defects in mitochondrial fatty acid beta-oxidation. Mol Genet Metab 83(4):322-9. PubMed: 15589119 MGI: J:94661
Skilling H; Coen PM; Fairfull L; Ferrell RE; Goodpaster BH; Vockley J; Goetzman ES. 2010. Brown adipose tissue function in short-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficient mice. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 400(3):318-22. PubMed: 20727852 MGI: J:165594
Su Z; Leduc MS; Korstanje R; Paigen B. 2010. Untangling HDL quantitative trait loci on mouse chromosome 5 and identifying Scarb1 and Acads as the underlying genes. J Lipid Res 51(9):2706-13. PubMed: 20562441 MGI: J:164460
Wang W; Mohsen AW; Uechi G; Schreiber E; Balasubramani M; Day B; Michael Barmada M; Vockley J. 2014. Complex changes in the liver mitochondrial proteome of short chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficient mice. Mol Genet Metab 112(1):30-9. PubMed: 24685553 MGI: J:212122
Wood PA; Kelly-Kurtz CL; Hinsdale ME; Hamm DA; Rhead WJ. 1999. Lessons learned from the mouse model of short-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency Adv Exp Med Biol 466:395-402. PubMed: 10709668 MGI: J:61299

Additional - Ahr^b-2 related

Nebert DW; Considine N; Owens IS. 1973. Genetic expression of aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase induction. VI. Control of other aromatic hydrocarbon-inducible mono-oxygenase activities at or near the same genetic locus. Arch Biochem Biophys 157(1):148-59. PubMed: 4716952 MGI: J:84313
Nebert DW; Gielen JE. 1972. Genetic regulation of aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase induction in the mouse. Fed Proc 31(4):1315-25. PubMed: 4114109 MGI: J:5282
Nebert DW; Jensen NM; Shinozuka H; Kunz HW; Gill TJ 3rd. 1982. The Ah phenotype. Survey of forty-eight rat strains and twenty inbred mouse strains. Genetics 100(1):79-87. PubMed: 7095422 MGI: J:6809
Nebert DW; Robinson JR; Niwa A; Kumaki K; Poland AP. 1975. Genetic expression of aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase activity in the mouse. J Cell Physiol 85(2 Pt 2 Suppl 1):393-414. PubMed: 1091656 MGI: J:84317
Niwa A; Kumaki K; Nebert DW; Poland AP. 1975. Genetic expression of aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase activity in the mouse. Distinction between the 'responsive' homozygote and heterozygote at the Ah locus. Arch Biochem Biophys 166(2):559-64. PubMed: 1119809 MGI: J:84316
Poland A; Glover E. 1990. Characterization and strain distribution pattern of the murine Ah receptor specified by the Ahd and Ahb-3 alleles. Mol Pharmacol 38(3):306-12. PubMed: 2169579 MGI: J:34840
Poland A; Glover E; Taylor BA. 1987. The murine Ah locus: a new allele and mapping to chromosome 12. Mol Pharmacol 32(4):471-8. PubMed: 2823093 MGI: J:8895
Poland A; Palen D; Glover E. 1994. Analysis of the four alleles of the murine aryl hydrocarbon receptor. Mol Pharmacol 46(5):915-21. PubMed: 7969080 MGI: J:22144
Robinson JR; Considine N; Nebert DW. 1974. Genetic expression of aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase induction. Evidence for the involvement of other genetic loci. J Biol Chem 249(18):5851-9. PubMed: 4413562 MGI: J:84315
Schmid FA; Pena RC; Robinson W; Tarnowski GS. 1967. Toxicity of intraperitoneal injections of 7, 12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene in inbred mice. Cancer Res 27(3):558-62. PubMed: 6021513 MGI: J:26440
Schmidt JV; Carver LA; Bradfield CA. 1993. Molecular characterization of the murine Ahr gene. Organization, promoter analysis, and chromosomal assignment. J Biol Chem 268(29):22203-9. PubMed: 8408082 MGI: J:15153
Smith AG; Clothier B; Robinson S; Scullion MJ; Carthew P; Edwards R; Luo J; Lim CK; Toledano M. 1998. Interaction between iron metabolism and 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin in mice with variants of the Ahr gene: a hepatic oxidative mechanism. Mol Pharmacol 53(1):52-61. PubMed: 9443932 MGI: J:45850
Thomas PE; Hutton JJ; Taylor BA. 1973. Genetic relationship between aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase inducibility and chemical carcinogen induced skin ulceration in mice. Genetics 74(4):655-9. PubMed: 4750810 MGI: J:5387

Additional - Cdh23^ahl related

Bosco A; Crish SD; Steele MR; Romero CO; Inman DM; Horner PJ; Calkins DJ; Vetter ML. 2012. Early reduction of microglia activation by irradiation in a model of chronic glaucoma. PLoS One 7(8):e43602. PubMed: 22952717 MGI: J:191663
Davis RR; Newlander JK; Ling X; Cortopassi GA; Krieg EF; Erway LC. 2001. Genetic basis for susceptibility to noise-induced hearing loss in mice. Hear Res 155(1-2):82-90. PubMed: 11335078 MGI: J:69679
Di Palma F; Pellegrino R; Noben-Trauth K. 2001. Genomic structure, alternative splice forms and normal and mutant alleles of cadherin 23 (Cdh23). Gene 281(1-2):31-41. PubMed: 11750125 MGI: J:73941
Fetoni AR; Picciotti PM; Paludetti G; Troiani D. 2011. Pathogenesis of presbycusis in animal models: a review. Exp Gerontol 46(6):413-25. PubMed: 21211561 MGI: J:186964
Han F; Yu H; Tian C; Chen HE; Benedict-Alderfer C; Zheng Y; Wang Q; Han X; Zheng QY. 2010. A new mouse mutant of the Cdh23 gene with early-onset hearing loss facilitates evaluation of otoprotection drugs. Pharmacogenomics J :. PubMed: 20644563 MGI: J:174758
Hurd EA; Adams ME; Layman WS; Swiderski DL; Beyer LA; Halsey KE; Benson JM; Gong TW; Dolan DF; Raphael Y; Martin DM. 2011. Mature middle and inner ears express Chd7 and exhibit distinctive pathologies in a mouse model of CHARGE syndrome. Hear Res 282(1-2):184-95. PubMed: 21875659 MGI: J:220430
Johnson KR; Erway LC; Cook SA; Willott JF; Zheng QY. 1997. A major gene affecting age-related hearing loss in C57BL/6J mice Hear Res 114(1-2):83-92. PubMed: 9447922 MGI: J:44966
Johnson KR; Longo-Guess C; Gagnon LH; Yu H; Zheng QY. 2008. A locus on distal chromosome 11 (ahl8) and its interaction with Cdh23 ahl underlie the early onset, age-related hearing loss of DBA/2J mice. Genomics 92(4):219-25. PubMed: 18662770 MGI: J:139223
Johnson KR; Tian C; Gagnon LH; Jiang H; Ding D; Salvi R. 2017. Effects of Cdh23 single nucleotide substitutions on age-related hearing loss in C57BL/6 and 129S1/Sv mice and comparisons with congenic strains. Sci Rep 7:44450. PubMed: 28287619 MGI: J:241137
Johnson KR; Yu H; Ding D; Jiang H; Gagnon LH; Salvi RJ. 2010. Separate and combined effects of Sod1 and Cdh23 mutations on age-related hearing loss and cochlear pathology in C57BL/6J mice. Hear Res 268(1-2):85-92. PubMed: 20470874 MGI: J:163035
Johnson KR; Zheng QY; Bykhovskaya Y; Spirina O; Fischel-Ghodsian N. 2001. A nuclear-mitochondrial DNA interaction affecting hearing impairment in mice. Nat Genet 27(2):191-4. PubMed: 11175788 MGI: J:67312
Johnson KR; Zheng QY; Noben-Trauth K. 2006. Strain background effects and genetic modifiers of hearing in mice. Brain Res 1091(1):79-88. PubMed: 16579977 MGI: J:110459
Johnson KR; Zheng QY; Weston MD; Ptacek LJ; Noben-Trauth K. 2005. The Mass1(frings) mutation underlies early onset hearing impairment in BUB/BnJ mice, a model for the auditory pathology of Usher syndrome IIC. Genomics 85(5):582-90. PubMed: 15820310 MGI: J:97534
Kane KL; Longo-Guess CM; Gagnon LH; Ding D; Salvi RJ; Johnson KR. 2012. Genetic background effects on age-related hearing loss associated with Cdh23 variants in mice. Hear Res 283(1-2):80-8. PubMed: 22138310 MGI: J:183757
Keithley EM; Canto C; Zheng QY; Fischel-Ghodsian N; Johnson KR. 2004. Age-related hearing loss and the ahl locus in mice. Hear Res 188(1-2):21-8. PubMed: 14759567 MGI: J:87783
Liu X; Bulgakov OV; Darrow KN; Pawlyk B; Adamian M; Liberman MC; Li T. 2007. Usherin is required for maintenance of retinal photoreceptors and normal development of cochlear hair cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 104(11):4413-8. PubMed: 17360538 MGI: J:118927
Manji SS; Williams LH; Miller KA; Ooms LM; Bahlo M; Mitchell CA; Dahl HH. 2011. A mutation in synaptojanin 2 causes progressive hearing loss in the ENU-mutagenised mouse strain Mozart. PLoS One 6(3):e17607. PubMed: 21423608 MGI: J:171701
Mathews CE; Leiter EH. 1999. Resistance of ALR/Lt islets to free radical-mediated diabetogenic stress is inherited as a dominant trait. Diabetes 48(11):2189-96. PubMed: 10535453 MGI: J:109893
Nadeau JH. 2003. Modifier genes and protective alleles in humans and mice. Curr Opin Genet Dev 13(3):290-5. PubMed: 12787792 MGI: J:88012
Nagtegaal AP; Rainey RN; van der Pluijm I; Brandt RM; van der Horst GT; Borst JG; Segil N. 2015. Cockayne syndrome group B (csb) and group a (csa) deficiencies predispose to hearing loss and cochlear hair cell degeneration in mice. J Neurosci 35(10):4280-6. PubMed: 25762674 MGI: J:219993
Noben-Trauth K; Latoche JR; Neely HR; Bennett B. 2010. Phenotype and genetics of progressive sensorineural hearing loss (Snhl1) in the LXS set of recombinant inbred strains of mice. PLoS One 5(7):e11459. PubMed: 20628639 MGI: J:163117
Noben-Trauth K; Zheng QY; Johnson KR. 2003. Association of cadherin 23 with polygenic inheritance and genetic modification of sensorineural hearing loss. Nat Genet 35(1):21-3. PubMed: 12910270 MGI: J:86905
Noben-Trauth K; Zheng QY; Johnson KR; Nishina PM. 1997. mdfw: a deafness susceptibility locus that interacts with deaf waddler (dfw). Genomics 44(3):266-72. PubMed: 9325047 MGI: J:38429
Perrin BJ; Sonnemann KJ; Ervasti JM. 2010. beta-actin and gamma-actin are each dispensable for auditory hair cell development but required for Stereocilia maintenance. PLoS Genet 6(10):e1001158. PubMed: 20976199 MGI: J:167543
Perrin BJ; Strandjord DM; Narayanan P; Henderson DM; Johnson KR; Ervasti JM. 2013. beta-Actin and Fascin-2 Cooperate to Maintain Stereocilia Length. J Neurosci 33(19):8114-21. PubMed: 23658152 MGI: J:197137
Vazquez AE; Jimenez AM; Martin GK; Luebke AE; Lonsbury-Martin BL. 2004. Evaluating cochlear function and the effects of noise exposure in the B6.CAST+Ahl mouse with distortion product otoacoustic emissions. Hear Res 194(1-2):87-96. PubMed: 15276680 MGI: J:117746
Watson CJ; Tempel BL. 2013. A new Atp2b2 deafwaddler allele, dfw(i5), interacts strongly with Cdh23 and other auditory modifiers. Hear Res 304:41-8. PubMed: 23792079 MGI: J:220660
Zheng QY; Johnson KR. 2001. Hearing loss associated with the modifier of deaf waddler (mdfw) locus corresponds with age-related hearing loss in 12 inbred strains of mice. Hear Res 154(1-2):45-53. PubMed: 11423214 MGI: J:70964
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Additional - Hld related

Barber RP; Vaughn JE; Wimer RE; Wimer CC. 1974. Genetically-associated variations in the distribution of dentate granule cell synapses upon the pyramidal cell dendrites in mouse hippocampus. J Comp Neurol 156(4):417-34. PubMed: 4137683 MGI: J:5486
Nowakowski RS. 1984. The mode of inheritance of a defect in lamination in the hippocampus of BALB/c mice. J Neurogenet 1(3):249-58. PubMed: 6536729 MGI: J:7947
Nowakowski RS. 1984. Hippocampal lamination defect = Hld. Mouse News Lett 71:35. MGI: J:13989
Nowakowski RS; Davis TL. 1985. Dendritic arbors and dendritic excrescences of abnormally positioned neurons in area CA3c of mice carrying the mutation hippocampal lamination defect. J Comp Neurol 239(3):267-75. PubMed: 4044940 MGI: J:12029
Vaughn JE; Matthews DA; Barber RP; Wimer CC; Wimer RE. 1977. Genetically-associated variations in the development of hippocampal pyramidal neurons may produce differences in mossy fiber connectivity. J Comp Neurol 173(1):41-51. PubMed: 845286 MGI: J:5787

Also Known As: BALB Bailey, BALB/c Bailey J, CBy

Genetic overview

Research Applications

Base Price

Important Note

Detailed Description

Selected References

Acadsdel-J

Allele Symbol: Acadsdel-J

Ahrb-2

Allele Symbol: Ahrb-2

Cdh23ahl

Allele Symbol: Cdh23ahl

Hld

Allele Symbol: Hld

Mdmg1

Marker Symbol: Mdmg1

Disease Terms

Research Areas By Genotype

This mouse can be used to support research in many areas including:

Genotype: Cdh23ahl related

Mammalian Phenotype Terms by Genotype

Genotype: Acadsdel-J/Acadsdel-JBALB/cByJ

behavior/neurological phenotype

homeostasis/metabolism phenotype

liver/biliary system phenotype

renal/urinary system phenotype

cellular phenotype

muscle phenotype

Genotype: Hld/Hldeither: BALB/cByJ or BALB/cJ

nervous system phenotype

cellular phenotype

Phenotype Information

References

Additional References

Additional - Acadsdel-J related

Additional - Ahrb-2 related

Additional - Cdh23ahl related

Additional - Hld related

Genotyping Protocols

Dietary Information

Breeding Considerations

Mating System

Appearance

Animal Health Reports

Live Mouse

Cryorecovery - Pricing

Progeny testing is not required

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JAX® Mice, Products & Services Conditions of Use

No Warranty

Credit for PRODUCTS or SERVICES

Animal Care and Use for SERVICES

No Liability

Acads^del-J

Allele Symbol: Acads^del-J

Ahr^b-2

Allele Symbol: Ahr^b-2

Cdh23^ahl

Allele Symbol: Cdh23^ahl

Genotype: Cdh23^ahl related

Genotype: Acads^del-J/Acads^del-J
BALB/cByJ

Genotype: Hld/Hld
either: BALB/cByJ or BALB/cJ

Additional - Acads^del-J related

Additional - Ahr^b-2 related

Additional - Cdh23^ahl related