BALB/cJ

Stock No:: 000651

Also Known As: C, BALBc

BALB/cJ is a commonly used inbred. Key traits include a susceptibility to developing the demyelinating disease upon infection with Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus. The BALB/cJ substrain is susceptible to Listeria, all species of Leishmania, and several species of Trypanosoma, but is resistant to experimental allergic orchitis (EAO).

Genetic overview

Genetic Background	Generation
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Research Applications

Cardiovascular Research
Cancer Research
Research Tools
Neurobiology Research
Sensorineural Research
Immunology, Inflammation and Autoimmunity Research

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Detailed Description

BALB/c mice are particularly well known for the production of plasmacytomas following injection with mineral oil forming the basis for the production of monoclonal antibodies. Although not all BALB/c substrains have been examined for plasmacytoma induction, substrains derived from the Andervont (An) lineage (which includes BALB/cByJ) typically are susceptible, while those descended from BALB/cJ are resistant (see: Potter M, 1985). Mammary tumor incidence is normally low but infection with mammary tumor virus by fostering to MMTV⁺ C3H mice dramatically increases tumor number and age of onset. BALB/c mice develop other cancers later in life including reticular neoplasms, primary lung tumors, and renal tumors. Rare spontaneous myoepitheliomas arising from myoepithelial cells of various exocrine glands have been observed in both BALB/cJ and BALB/cByJ substrains. This strain was found to be susceptible to infection by Listeria monocytogenes, with a 3 day median time to death in females (Cheers and McKenzie, 1978).

White et al. reported a variation in thioglycolate medium-induced peritoneal leukocyte recruitment in 4 analyzed strains. The response of total leukocyte recruitment, from greatest to least, was C57BL/6J>BALB/c>CD1>129X1/SvJ. Variations were also found in the timeline of response and cell types most impacted.

BALB/c mice immunized with PLP_180-199 develop an atypical form of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) in which susceptibility is determined by location. In the spinal cord 60-70% mice develop pathological lesions and in the brain and cerebellum 100% of mice develop sever lesions.

Dorso-ventral vaginal septa is observed in some BALB/cJ females, and may contribute to non-productive females in this strain. (Cunliffe-Beamer T, Lab Anim Sci, 1976)

Development

This is a substrain of BALB (Bagg’s albino) derived initially from the BALB strain maintained by MacDowell at Cold Spring Harbor, eventually sent to G.D. Snell at the University of Texas and brought by Snell to the Jackson Laboratory in 1932 at generation F26. Three branches from Snell’s BALB/c were separated during the period 1937-1939, Andervont (BALB/cAn), Scott (BALB/cSc), and Green (BALB/cGn). The lineage from BALB/cSc eventually became BALB/cJ in 1941 at generation F41.

Selected References

Timmermans S; Van Montagu M; Libert C. 2017. Complete overview of protein-inactivating sequence variations in 36 sequenced mouse inbred strains. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 114(34):9158-9163PubMed: 28784771 MGI: J:244295
Heston WE; Vlahakis G. 1971. Mammary tumors, plaques, and hyperplastic alveolar nodules in various combinations of mouse inbred strains and the different lines of the mammary tumor virus. Int J Cancer 7(1):141-8PubMed: 4322934 MGI: J:24674
Bentvelzen P; Daams JH; Hageman P; Calafat J. 1970. Genetic transmission of viruses that incite mammary tumor in mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 67(1):377-84PubMed: 4318784 MGI: J:24803
Cheers C; McKenzie IF. 1978. Resistance and susceptibility of mice to bacterial infection: genetics of listeriosis. Infect Immun 19(3):755-62PubMed: 305895 MGI: J:5965
Petkov PM; Cassell MA; Sargent EE; Donnelly CJ; Robinson P; Crew V; Asquith S; Haar RV; Wiles MV. 2004. Development of a SNP genotyping panel for genetic monitoring of the laboratory mouse. Genomics 83(5):902-11PubMed: 15081119 MGI: J:89298

View All References

Genetics

Cdh23^ahl

Allele Symbol: Cdh23^ahl

Allele Name	age related hearing loss 1
Allele Type	Spontaneous
Allele Synonym(s)	age related hearing loss 1; Cdh23^ahl
Gene Symbol and Name	Cdh23, cadherin 23 (otocadherin)
Gene Synonym(s)	bob; bustling; bobby; nmf112; nmf252; nmf252; 4930542A03Rik; ahl; 4930542A03Rik; W; sals; mdfw; neuroscience mutagenesis facility, 181; neuroscience mutagenesis facility, 252; modifier of deaf waddler; age related hearing loss 1; v; USH1D; nmf181; RIKEN cDNA 4930542A03 gene; CDHR23; sals; waltzer; nmf112; nmf181; mdfw; neuroscience mutagenesis facility, 112; bus; ahl; bob; salsa; PITA5
Strain of Origin	multiple strains
Chromosome	10
Molecular Note	Genetic complementation tests have shown allelism between the mdfw (modifier of deaf waddler) locus and the ahl locus. Further analysis has shown this is caused by a G to A transition at nucleotide position 753 of Cdh23. This hypomorphic allele causes in frame skipping of exon 7, which is predicted to delete part of the 2nd and 3rd ectodomains, and cause reduced message stability. Twenty-seven strains classified with ahl and carrying the 753A allele include: CD-1, RBF/DnJ, PL/J, AKR/J, RF/J, BALB/cBy, A/WySnJ, P/J, SENCARA/PtJ, DBA/1J, ALS/LtJ, C58/J, C57BLKS/J, 129P1/ReJ, C57BR/cd, SKH2/J, BUB/Bn, MA/MyJ, LP/J, 129X1/SvJ, NOR/LtJ, A/J, C57BL/6, NOD/LtJ, DBA/2J, ALR/LtJ, C57L/J. Strains classified with ahl that DO NOT carry this mutation include: C3H/HeSnJ, I/LnJ, YBR/Ei, MRL/MpJ.

Mx1^s1

Allele Symbol: Mx1^s1

Allele Name	myxovirus susceptibility 1
Allele Type	Spontaneous
Allele Synonym(s)	Mx1^s1; myxovirus susceptibility 1
Gene Symbol and Name	Mx1, MX dynamin-like GTPase 1
Gene Synonym(s)	Mx; Mx-1; Mx; Mx-1; AI893580; myxovirus (influenza) resistance 1 polypeptide; expressed sequence AI893580; IFI-78K; MxA; MX; IFI78; MXB
Strain of Origin	multiple strains
Chromosome	16
General Note	The Mx genes determine resistance to the lethal effects of various myxoviruses including neurotropic avian influenza A virus injected intracerebrally, pneumotropic strains injected intranasally, and a hepatotropic strain injected intraperitoneally (J:5645, J:13136). Resistance is not dependent on presence of the thymus and is not abolished by immunosuppression or by inhibitors of macrophage function (J:5735, J:5478, J:5645). Resistance is specific for the orthomyxoviruses (J:6265). It is dependent on the presence of interferon-alpha and -beta but not -gamma (J:7365). The resistance allele at the Mx1 locus, under induction by alpha/beta interferon, produces the 75 kDa protein MX-1, which confers resistance to the influenza virus, in the nuclei of cells carrying the allele. Susceptibility alleles do not produce the protein (J:8273). The protein is located in the nucleus (J:7703) and produces its antiviral effect by preventing synthesis of viral mRNA in the nucleus (J:7992). Nuclear localization is necessary for anti-influenza virus activity (J:1417), but mutations induced in Mx1 showed that nuclear position was not sufficient for the effect; mutations in several domains can cause its loss (J:11840). The MX-1 protein is a GTPase containing a GTP binding domain (J:1417) and this binding core is also necessary (J:21243). Resistance is expressed by macrophages and other cells in vitro (J:6649, J:5940) but could not be transferred to susceptible animals by transfer of macrophages from resistant mice (J:6149). Resistance to infection with two tick-borne viruses, Thogoto virus (J:8273) and Dhori virus (J:27760), is also conferred by Mx1^r. The Mx1^r allele occurs only in strains A2G, SL/NiA, and T9, the latter being a strain derived from an influenza-resistant wild stock, and CAST/Ei, derived from Mus musculus castaneus. Most inbred strains, including C57BL/6J, C3H/HeJ, and BALB/cJ, carry an influenza susceptible Mx1^s1 allele which produces mRNA lacking exons 9, 10, and 11 of the Mx1^r allele. This large deletion apparently renders the protein incapable of providing resistance to influenza. The CBA/J, CE/J, I/LnJ, and PERA/Ei strains, also susceptible to the virus, have another form of the Mx1^s2 allele in which there is a nonsense mutation (J:9452). Interferon is induced by viral infection and in turn induces the Mx protein (J:7703). Although some interferon-induced genes respond directly to virus invasion as well as indirectly through induction by virus-induced interferon, this primary response is very weak for the MX-1 protein in response to either influenza or Newcastle disease viruses (J:1892).
Molecular Note	Many inbred mouse strains have an exon 9 to 11 deletion, resulting in a null allele and susceptibility to myxoviruses, including: A/J, ABP/Le, AKR/J, AU/SsJ, BALB/cJ, BDP/J, BUB/BnJ, C3H/HeJ, C57BL/6J, C57BL/10J, C57BL/KsJ, C57L/J, C58/J, DA/HuSn, DBA/2J, FSB/GnEi, FVB/NJ, LIS/A, LP/J, MA/MyJ, MAS/A, NZB/BINJ, P/J, PL/J, RIIIS/J, RF/J, SEA/GnJ, SEC1/ReJ, SJL/J, ST/bJ, TS1/A, TW1/A. YBR/Ei, 020/A, 129/J, SF/CamEi and SK/CamEi.

Micrlⁿ

Allele Symbol: Micrlⁿ

Allele Name	non-responder
Allele Type	QTL
Allele Synonym(s)	Micrlⁿ; non-responder
Gene Symbol and Name	Micrl, microwave induced increase in complement receptor B cells
Gene Synonym(s)
Strain of Origin	multiple strains
Chromosome	5
General Note	The following inbred strains are homozygous for the recessive QTL, Micrl, and do not respond to microwave exposure by increasing splenic C3 receptor-bearing B cells: A/J, BALB/cJ, C3HeB/FeN, C57BL/6J, C57BL/10J (inferred from the response of two congenic lines "B10.BR", "B10.D2", "B10.D2"), C58/J, AK.B6-H2^b, and B6.AK-H2^k. These recombinant inbred strains are also non-responding: BXH2/Ty, BXH6/Ty, BXH7/Ty, BXH12/Ty, and BXH14/Ty.

Cox7a2l^s

Allele Symbol: Cox7a2l^s

Allele Name	short
Allele Type	Not Applicable (Not Specified)
Allele Synonym(s)	Cox7a2l^s; short
Gene Symbol and Name	Cox7a2l, cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7A2 like
Gene Synonym(s)	COX7RP; SIG-81; SIG81; silica-induced gene 81; Silg81; COX7AR; EB1
Strain of Origin	multiple strains
Chromosome	17
General Note	Querying the sequences of the Sanger Mouse Genomes Project reveals that the short allele with its 6 bp deletion exists in C57BL/6J, C57BL/10J, C57BL/6NJ, C58/J, BALB/cJ, C3H/HeH, 129S5/SvEvBrd, NZW/LacZ, and SEA/GnJ, but the long allele lacking the deletion exists in 129S1/SvImJ, A/J, AKR/J, BTBR T⁺ Itpr3^tf/J, BUB/BnJ, C3H/HeJ, C57BR/cdJ, C57L/J, CAST/EiJ, CBA/J, DBA/1J, DBA/2J, FVB/NJ, I/LnJ, KK/HiJ, LEWES/EiJ, LP/J, MOLF/EiJ, NOD/ShiLtJ, NZB/BlNJ, NZO/HlLtJ, PWK/PhJ, RF/J, SPRET/EiJ, ST/bJ, WSB/EiJ, ZALENDE/EiJ.
Molecular Note	This allele contains a 6 bp microdeletion causing the loss of two amino acids and truncating the protein to 111 amino acids instead of 113 amino acids. It is found in BALB/cAnCrl, BALB/cJ, C57BL/6Cr, C57BL/6JCrl, C57BL/6JOlaHsd, C57BL/6NCrl, C57BL/6NJcl, C57BL/6NHsd, C57BL/6NTac, C57BL/6NJ, B6(CG)-Tyr/J, C57BL/6JClr, C57BL/6JArc, C57BL/6JJcl, C57BL/6JJmsSlc, C57BL/6JOla, C57BL/6JOlaHsd, C57BL/6JRcc, C57BL/6JRccHsd, C57BL/6JBom, and C57BL/6JBomTac mice.

Hld

Allele Symbol: Hld

Allele Name	hippocampal lamination defect
Allele Type	Spontaneous
Allele Synonym(s)	hippocampal lamination defect; Hld
Gene Symbol and Name	Hld, hippocampal lamination defect
Gene Synonym(s)
Strain of Origin	BALB/cJ
Chromosome	UN

Disease/Phenotype

Disease Terms

Research Areas By Genotype

This mouse can be used to support research in many areas including:

Cardiovascular Research
- Diet-Induced Atherosclerosis
  - Relatively Resistant
Cancer Research
- Increased Tumor Incidence
  - Mammary Gland Tumors: late onset
  - Mammary Gland Tumors
Research Tools
- General Purpose
- Cancer Research
  - monoclonal antibodies, myeloma and hybridoma production
- Infectious Disease
  - Anthrax
  - Tuberculosis (TB)
  - Salmonella
Neurobiology Research
- Neurodevelopmental Defects
  - callosal agenesis, incomplete penetrance
- Behavioral and Learning Defects
  - high anxiety
Immunology, Inflammation and Autoimmunity Research
- Inflammation
- Autoimmunity
  - experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE)

Genotype: Cdh23^ahl related

Neurobiology Research
- Hearing Defects
  - Age related hearing loss
Sensorineural Research
- Hearing Defects
  - Age related hearing loss

Mammalian Phenotype Terms by Genotype

The following phenotype relates to a compound genotype created using this strain

Genotype: Hld/Hld
either: (involves: BALB/cByJ) or (involves: BALB/cJ)

cellular phenotype

abnormal neuronal migration

nervous system phenotype

abnormal dendrite morphology
- abnormally positioned by being late-generated
- cell bodies are located below the intrapyramidal mossy fiber layer

abnormal hippocampal mossy fiber morphology

abnormal hippocampus CA3 region morphology
- there is abnormal lamination of this cell layer resulting in superficial early generated neurons and deep late-generated neurons

abnormal hippocampus layer morphology
- Background Sensitivity - the anomaly is also seen in BALB/cByJ, F1 mice involving BALB sublines noted, and some CXB RI lines; C57BL/6J is considered wild-type for this feature
- this is secondary to a defect in neuronal migration

abnormal hippocampus morphology

abnormal neuronal migration

ectopic hippocampus pyramidal cells
- located below the intrapyramidal layer; some of the ectopic cells have short, fine-caliber dendritic branches arising near the points of contact of the intrapyramidal mossy fibers

Phenotype Information

References

Timmermans S; Van Montagu M; Libert C. 2017. Complete overview of protein-inactivating sequence variations in 36 sequenced mouse inbred strains. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 114(34):9158-9163PubMed: 28784771 MGI: J:244295
Heston WE; Vlahakis G. 1971. Mammary tumors, plaques, and hyperplastic alveolar nodules in various combinations of mouse inbred strains and the different lines of the mammary tumor virus. Int J Cancer 7(1):141-8PubMed: 4322934 MGI: J:24674
Bentvelzen P; Daams JH; Hageman P; Calafat J. 1970. Genetic transmission of viruses that incite mammary tumor in mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 67(1):377-84PubMed: 4318784 MGI: J:24803
Cheers C; McKenzie IF. 1978. Resistance and susceptibility of mice to bacterial infection: genetics of listeriosis. Infect Immun 19(3):755-62PubMed: 305895 MGI: J:5965
Petkov PM; Cassell MA; Sargent EE; Donnelly CJ; Robinson P; Crew V; Asquith S; Haar RV; Wiles MV. 2004. Development of a SNP genotyping panel for genetic monitoring of the laboratory mouse. Genomics 83(5):902-11PubMed: 15081119 MGI: J:89298

Additional References

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Ideraabdullah FY; Kim K; Pomp D; Moran JL; Beier D; Villena FP. 2007. Rescue of the Mouse DDK Syndrome by Parent-of-Origin-Dependent Modifiers. Biol Reprod 76(2):286-293PubMed: 17050856 MGI: J:121171
Zheng QY; Tong YC; Alagramam KN; Yu H. 2007. Tympanometry assessment of 61 inbred strains of mice. Hear Res 231(1-2):23-31PubMed: 17611057 MGI: J:123543
Fairless AH; Dow HC; Toledo MM; Malkus KA; Edelmann M; Li H; Talbot K; Arnold SE; Abel T; Brodkin ES. 2008. Low sociability is associated with reduced size of the corpus callosum in the BALB/cJ inbred mouse strain. Brain Res 1230:211-7PubMed: 18662677 MGI: J:138841
Wahlsten D. 1989. Deficiency of the corpus callosum: incomplete penetrance and substrain differentiation in BALB/c mice. J Neurogenet 5(1):61-76PubMed: 2703941 MGI: J:138843
Nowakowski RS. 1984. Hippocampal lamination defect = Hld. Mouse News Lett 71:35MGI: J:13989
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Gubner NR; Wilhelm CJ; Phillips TJ; Mitchell SH. 2010. Strain differences in behavioral inhibition in a Go/No-go task demonstrated using 15 inbred mouse strains. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 34(8):1353-62PubMed: 20491731 MGI: J:266371
Boon AC; Finkelstein D; Zheng M; Liao G; Allard J; Klumpp K; Webster R; Peltz G; Webby RJ. 2011. H5N1 influenza virus pathogenesis in genetically diverse mice is mediated at the level of viral load. MBio 2(5)PubMed: 21896679 MGI: J:267274
Shusterman A; Salyma Y; Nashef A; Soller M; Wilensky A; Mott R; Weiss EI; Houri-Haddad Y; Iraqi FA. 2013. Genotype is an important determinant factor of host susceptibility to periodontitis in the Collaborative Cross and inbred mouse populations. BMC Genet 14:68PubMed: 23937452 MGI: J:268629
Goltsev Y; Samusik N; Kennedy-Darling J; Bhate S; Hale M; Vazquez G; Black S; Nolan GP. 2018. Deep Profiling of Mouse Splenic Architecture with CODEX Multiplexed Imaging. Cell 174(4):968-981.e15PubMed: 30078711 MGI: J:268649
Carroll JA; Race B; Williams K; Chesebro B. 2018. Toll-like receptor 2 confers partial neuroprotection during prion disease. PLoS One 13(12):e0208559PubMed: 30596651 MGI: J:269520
Linehan JL; Harrison OJ; Han SJ; Byrd AL; Vujkovic-Cvijin I; Villarino AV; Sen SK; Shaik J; Smelkinson M; Tamoutounour S; Collins N; Bouladoux N; Dzutsev A; Rosshart SP; Arbuckle JH; Wang CR; Kristie TM; Rehermann B; Trinchieri G; Brenchley JM; O'Shea JJ; Belkaid Y. 2018. Non-classical Immunity Controls Microbiota Impact on Skin Immunity and Tissue Repair. Cell 172(4):784-796.e18PubMed: 29358051 MGI: J:272693
Chella Krishnan K; Kurt Z; Barrere-Cain R; Sabir S; Das A; Floyd R; Vergnes L; Zhao Y; Che N; Charugundla S; Qi H; Zhou Z; Meng Y; Pan C; Seldin MM; Norheim F; Hui S; Reue K; Lusis AJ; Yang X. 2018. Integration of Multi-omics Data from Mouse Diversity Panel Highlights Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Cell Syst 6(1):103-115.e7PubMed: 29361464 MGI: J:272734
Okondo MC; Rao SD; Taabazuing CY; Chui AJ; Poplawski SE; Johnson DC; Bachovchin DA. 2018. Inhibition of Dpp8/9 Activates the Nlrp1b Inflammasome. Cell Chem Biol 25(3):262-267.e5PubMed: 29396289 MGI: J:273615
Shan M; Carrillo J; Yeste A; Gutzeit C; Segura-Garzon D; Walland AC; Pybus M; Grasset EK; Yeiser JR; Matthews DB; van de Veen W; Comerma L; He B; Boonpiyathad T; Lee H; Blanco J; Osborne LC; Siracusa MC; Akdis M; Artis D; Mehandru S; Sampson HA; Berin MC; Chen K; Cerutti A. 2018. Secreted IgD Amplifies Humoral T Helper 2 Cell Responses by Binding Basophils via Galectin-9 and CD44. Immunity 49(4):709-724.e8PubMed: 30291028 MGI: J:273618
Velez L; Sokoloff G; Miczek KA; Palmer AA; Dulawa SC. 2010. Differences in aggressive behavior and DNA copy number variants between BALB/cJ and BALB/cByJ substrains. Behav Genet 40(2):201-10PubMed: 20033273 MGI: J:275167
Geuther BQ; Deats SP; Fox KJ; Murray SA; Braun RE; White JK; Chesler EJ; Lutz CM; Kumar V. 2019. Robust mouse tracking in complex environments using neural networks. Commun Biol 2:124PubMed: 30937403 MGI: J:275426
Byers SL; Payson SJ; Taft RA. 2006. Performance of ten inbred mouse strains following assisted reproductive technologies (ARTs). Theriogenology 65(9):1716-26PubMed: 16271754 MGI: J:275449
O'Leary TP; Savoie V; Brown RE. 2011. Learning, memory and search strategies of inbred mouse strains with different visual abilities in the Barnes maze. Behav Brain Res 216(2):531-42PubMed: 20801160 MGI: J:275452
Brown RE; Wong AA. 2007. The influence of visual ability on learning and memory performance in 13 strains of mice. Learn Mem 14(3):134-44PubMed: 17351136 MGI: J:275455
Savov JD; Whitehead GS; Wang J; Liao G; Usuka J; Peltz G; Foster WM; Schwartz DA. 2004. Ozone-induced acute pulmonary injury in inbred mouse strains. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 31(1):69-77PubMed: 14975936 MGI: J:275715
Liu X; Gershenfeld HK. 2003. An exploratory factor analysis of the Tail Suspension Test in 12 inbred strains of mice and an F2 intercross. Brain Res Bull 60(3):223-31PubMed: 12754084 MGI: J:275778
Benton CS; Miller BH; Skwerer S; Suzuki O; Schultz LE; Cameron MD; Marron JS; Pletcher MT; Wiltshire T. 2012. Evaluating genetic markers and neurobiochemical analytes for fluoxetine response using a panel of mouse inbred strains. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 221(2):297-315PubMed: 22113448 MGI: J:275939
Tomasini-Johansson B; Mosher DF. 2009. Plasma fibronectin concentration in inbred mouse strains. Thromb Haemost 102(6):1278-80PubMed: 19967162 MGI: J:275941
Thomsen M; Ralph RJ; Caine SB. 2011. Psychomotor stimulation by dopamine D(1)-like but not D(2)-like agonists in most mouse strains. Exp Clin Psychopharmacol 19(5):342-60PubMed: 21843011 MGI: J:275942
Thomsen M; Caine SB. 2011. Psychomotor stimulant effects of cocaine in rats and 15 mouse strains. Exp Clin Psychopharmacol 19(5):321-41PubMed: 21843010 MGI: J:275943
Maroteaux G; Loos M; van der Sluis S; Koopmans B; Aarts E; van Gassen K; Geurts A; Largaespada DA; Spruijt BM; Stiedl O; Smit AB; Verhage M. 2012. High-throughput phenotyping of avoidance learning in mice discriminates different genotypes and identifies a novel gene. Genes Brain Behav 11(7):772-84PubMed: 22846151 MGI: J:275952
Tsuchiya M; Ji C; Kosyk O; Shymonyak S; Melnyk S; Kono H; Tryndyak V; Muskhelishvili L; Pogribny IP; Kaplowitz N; Rusyn I. 2012. Interstrain differences in liver injury and one-carbon metabolism in alcohol-fed mice. Hepatology 56(1):130-9PubMed: 22307928 MGI: J:275956
Lin X; Yue P; Chen Z; Schonfeld G. 2005. Hepatic triglyceride contents are genetically determined in mice: results of a strain survey. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 288(6):G1179-89PubMed: 15591160 MGI: J:275968
Lewis SR; Ahmed S; Dym C; Khaimova E; Kest B; Bodnar RJ. 2005. Inbred mouse strain survey of sucrose intake. Physiol Behav 85(5):546-56PubMed: 15996693 MGI: J:276119
Ferland RJ; Smith J; Papandrea D; Gracias J; Hains L; Kadiyala SB; O'Brien B; Kang EY; Beyer BS; Herron BJ. 2017. Multidimensional Genetic Analysis of Repeated Seizures in the Hybrid Mouse Diversity Panel Reveals a Novel Epileptogenesis Susceptibility Locus. G3 (Bethesda) 7(8):2545-2558PubMed: 28620084 MGI: J:276198
Chen YG; Tsaih SW; Serreze DV. 2012. Genetic control of murine invariant natural killer T-cell development dynamically differs dependent on the examined tissue type. Genes Immun 13(2):164-74PubMed: 21938016 MGI: J:276531
Berndt A; Leme AS; Williams LK; Von Smith R; Savage HS; Stearns TM; Tsaih SW; Shapiro SD; Peters LL; Paigen B; Svenson KL. 2011. Comparison of unrestrained plethysmography and forced oscillation for identifying genetic variability of airway responsiveness in inbred mice. Physiol Genomics 43(1):1-11PubMed: 20823217 MGI: J:276536
O'Leary TP; Gunn RK; Brown RE. 2013. What are we measuring when we test strain differences in anxiety in mice? Behav Genet 43(1):34-50PubMed: 23288504 MGI: J:276587
Leme AS; Berndt A; Williams LK; Tsaih SW; Szatkiewicz JP; Verdugo R; Paigen B; Shapiro SD. 2010. A survey of airway responsiveness in 36 inbred mouse strains facilitates gene mapping studies and identification of quantitative trait loci. Mol Genet Genomics 283(4):317-26PubMed: 20143096 MGI: J:276589
Schauwecker PE. 2012. Strain differences in seizure-induced cell death following pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus. Neurobiol Dis 45(1):297-304PubMed: 21878392 MGI: J:276609
Jones BG; Sealy RE; Penkert RR; Surman SL; Maul RW; Neale G; Xu B; Gearhart PJ; Hurwitz JL. 2019. Complex sex-biased antibody responses: estrogen receptors bind estrogen response elements centered within immunoglobulin heavy chain gene enhancers. Int Immunol 31(3):141-156PubMed: 30407507 MGI: J:276967
Orgel K; Smeekens JM; Ye P; Fotsch L; Guo R; Miller DR; Pardo-Manuel de Villena F; Burks AW; Ferris MT; Kulis MD. 2019. Genetic diversity between mouse strains allows identification of the CC027/GeniUnc strain as an orally reactive model of peanut allergy. J Allergy Clin Immunol 143(3):1027-1037.e7PubMed: 30342892 MGI: J:277753
O'Koren EG; Yu C; Klingeborn M; Wong AYW; Prigge CL; Mathew R; Kalnitsky J; Msallam RA; Silvin A; Kay JN; Bowes Rickman C; Arshavsky VY; Ginhoux F; Merad M; Saban DR. 2019. Microglial Function Is Distinct in Different Anatomical Locations during Retinal Homeostasis and Degeneration. Immunity 50(3):723-737.e7PubMed: 30850344 MGI: J:280321
Chang-Panesso M; Kadyrov FF; Machado FG; Kumar A; Humphreys BD. 2018. Meis1 is specifically upregulated in kidney myofibroblasts during aging and injury but is not required for kidney homeostasis or fibrotic response. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 315(2):F275-F290PubMed: 29592525 MGI: J:280482
Clinkenbeard EL; Turpin C; Jiang J; Peterson ML; Spear BT. 2019. Liver size and lipid content differences between BALB/c and BALB/cJ mice on a high-fat diet are due, in part, to Zhx2. Mamm Genome 30(7-8):226-236PubMed: 31321500 MGI: J:280828
Cornelius JG; Luttge BG; Peck AB. 1993. Antioxidant enzyme activities in IDD-prone and IDD-resistant mice: a comparative study. Free Radic Biol Med 14(4):409-20PubMed: 8468025 MGI: J:280880
de Beer MC; de Beer FC; McCubbin WD; Kay CM; Kindy MS. 1993. Structural prerequisites for serum amyloid A fibril formation. J Biol Chem 268(27):20606-12PubMed: 8376413 MGI: J:280882
Festing MF; Roderick TH. 1989. Correlation between genetic distances based on single loci and on skeletal morphology in inbred mice. Genet Res 53(1):45-55PubMed: 2714645 MGI: J:280888
Fujiwara M; Cinader B. 1974. Cellular aspects of tolerance. IV. Strain variations of tolerance induceability. Cell Immunol 12(1):11-29PubMed: 4142413 MGI: J:280896
Monroy-Ostria A; Fuentes-Fraga I; Garcia-Flores C; Favila-Castillo L. 1994. Infection of BALB/c, C57B1/6 mice and F1 hybrid CB6F1 mice with strains of Leishmania mexicana isolated from Mexican patients with localized or diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis. Arch Med Res 25(4):401-6PubMed: 7858398 MGI: J:280984
Lynch CB; Hegmann JP. 1973. Genetic differences influencing behavioral temperature regulation in small mammals. II. Genotype-environment interactions. Behav Genet 3(2):145-54PubMed: 4730821 MGI: J:281181
Vadasz C; Fleischer A; LaFrancois J; Mao RF. 1996. Self-administration of ethanol: towards the location of predisposing polygenes in quasi-congenic animal models. Alcohol 13(6):617-20PubMed: 8949958 MGI: J:37607
John SW; Hagaman JR; MacTaggart TE; Peng L; Smithes O. 1997. Intraocular pressure in inbred mouse strains. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 38(1):249-53PubMed: 9008647 MGI: J:38280
Belknap JK; Riggan J; Cross S; Young ER; Gallaher EJ; Crabbe JC. 1998. Genetic determinants of morphine activity and thermal responses in 15 inbred mouse strains Pharmacol Biochem Behav 59(2):353-60PubMed: 9476981 MGI: J:46034
Crabbe JC; Gallaher EJ; Cross SJ; Belknap JK. 1998. Genetic determinants of sensitivity to diazepam in inbred mice. Behav Neurosci 112(3):668-77PubMed: 9676982 MGI: J:48988
Roberts JE; Watters JW; Ballard JD; Dietrich WF. 1998. Ltx1, a mouse locus that influences the susceptibility of macrophages to cytolysis caused by intoxication with Bacillus anthracis lethal factor, maps to chromosome 11. Mol Microbiol 29(2):581-91PubMed: 9720874 MGI: J:49726
Mogil JS; Wilson SG; Bon K; Lee SE; Chung K; Raber P; Pieper JO; Hain HS; Belknap JK; Hubert L; Elmer GI; Chung JM; Devor M. 1999. Heritability of nociception I: responses of 11 inbred mouse strains on 12 measures of nociception. Pain 80(1-2):67-82PubMed: 10204719 MGI: J:54425
Ewart SL; Kuperman D; Schadt E; Tankersley C; Grupe A; Shubitowski DM; Peltz G; Wills-Karp M. 2000. Quantitative trait loci controlling allergen-induced airway hyperresponsiveness in inbred mice. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 23(4):537-45PubMed: 11017920 MGI: J:66641
Schlagel CJ; Ahmed A. 1982. Evidence for genetic control of microwave-induced augmentation of complement receptor-bearing B lymphocytes. J Immunol 129(4):1530-3PubMed: 6980940 MGI: J:6835
Belayew A; Tilghman SM. 1982. Genetic analysis of alpha-fetoprotein synthesis in mice. Mol Cell Biol 2(11):1427-35PubMed: 6186903 MGI: J:6993
Belzung C; Griebel G. 2001. Measuring normal and pathological anxiety-like behaviour in mice: a review. Behav Brain Res 125(1-2):141-9PubMed: 11682105 MGI: J:72742
Chang B; Hawes NL; Hurd RE; Davisson MT; Nusinowitz S; Heckenlively JR. 2002. Retinal degeneration mutants in the mouse. Vision Res 42(4):517-25PubMed: 11853768 MGI: J:75095
Crabbe JC; Metten P; Gallaher EJ; Belknap JK. 2002. Genetic determinants of sensitivity to pentobarbital in inbred mice. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 161(4):408-16PubMed: 12073169 MGI: J:77863
Nowakowski RS. 1984. The mode of inheritance of a defect in lamination in the hippocampus of BALB/c mice. J Neurogenet 1(3):249-58PubMed: 6536729 MGI: J:7947
Tang X; Orchard SM; Sanford LD. 2002. Home cage activity and behavioral performance in inbred and hybrid mice. Behav Brain Res 136(2):555-69PubMed: 12429418 MGI: J:80398
Welkos SL; Keener TJ; Gibbs PH. 1986. Differences in susceptibility of inbred mice to Bacillus anthracis. Infect Immun 51(3):795-800PubMed: 3081444 MGI: J:8197
Whitehead GS; Walker JK; Berman KG; Foster WM; Schwartz DA. 2003. Allergen-induced airway disease is mouse strain dependent. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 285(1):L32-42PubMed: 12626335 MGI: J:84265
Halverson R; Torres RM; Pelanda R. 2004. Receptor editing is the main mechanism of B cell tolerance toward membrane antigens. Nat Immunol 5(6):645-50PubMed: 15156139 MGI: J:90635

Additional - Cdh23^ahl related

Additional - Cox7a2l^s related

Additional - Hld related

Additional - Micrlⁿ related

Additional - Mx1^s1 related

Technical Support

Contact Technical Support

Genotyping Protocols
- Separated PCR:GAL Panel
- End Point Analysis:H2^d-EP
- Genotyping resources and troubleshooting
Inbred mouse strains are maintained through sibling (sister x brother) matings; no genotyping required.
Dietary Information
- LabDiet® 5K52 formulation (6% fat)
Breeding Considerations

This strain is a good breeder.
- Additional Breeding and Husbandry Support
Mating System
- Sibling x Sibling
Appearance
- albino
  Related Genotype: A/A Tyrp1^b/Tyrp1^b Tyr^c/Tyr^c
Citation
When using the BALB/cJ mouse strain in a publication, please include JAX stock #000651 in your Materials and Methods section.

Animal Health Reports

Facility Barrier Level Descriptions

Pricing & Availability

Readily Available

Domestic
International

Live Mouse

Age

Genotype

Price

weeks

Volume Pricing Details

QUANTITY	VOLUME PRICING

Volume Pricing Program
Quantities: Volume pricing is automatically applied when a minimum quantity per strain for a shipment is reached
Sexes: Sexes of the same strain may be combined to reach minimum quantity levels to receive the volume pricing
Shipment: All shipping destinations qualify

This strain is available from some international Charles River (CR) breeding facilities in Japan and/or Europe. For more information, see the Worldwide Distributor List for JAX® Mice.

Cryorecovery - Pricing

Service	Genotype	Price
	Inbred, 1 pair minimum will be supplied

We will fulfill your order by providing at least two carriers for each strain ordered. The total number, sex, and genotypes provided will vary, although typically 8 or more animals are provided. Please check genotypes which will be recovered. While the genotypes of all animals produced will be communicated to you prior to scheduling shipment, the genotypes of animals provided may not reflect the mating scheme and genotypes described in the strain description. Animals are typically ready to ship in 11-14 weeks. If a second recovery is required to produce the minimum number of animals, then delivery time would increase to approximately 25 weeks. If we fail to produce animals of the correct genotype, you will not be charged. We cannot guarantee the reproductive success of mice shipped to your facility. If the mice are lost after the first three days (post-arrival) or do not produce progeny at your facility, a new order and fee will be necessary.

Cryorecovery to establish a Dedicated Supply for greater quantities of mice. Mice recovered can be used to establish a dedicated colony to contractually supply you mice according to your requirements. Price by quotation.

Related Products and Services

Mouse ES Cells	BALB/cJ-line I mES cells	$1095.00
Mouse ES Cells	BALB/cJ-PRX-BALB/cJ #9 mES cells	$995.00
Mouse ES Cells	BALB/cJ-line I mES cells	$1095.00
Mouse ES Cells	BALB/cJ-PRX-BALB/cJ #9 mES cells	$995.00
Mouse ES Cells	BALB/cJ-line I mES cells	$1095.00
Mouse ES Cells	BALB/cJ-PRX-BALB/cJ #9 mES cells	$995.00
Mouse ES Cells	BALB/cJ-line I mES cells	$1095.00
Mouse ES Cells	BALB/cJ-PRX-BALB/cJ #9 mES cells	$995.00

Payment Terms and Conditions

Terms are granted by individual review and stated on the customer invoice(s) and account statement. These transactions are payable in U.S. currency within the granted terms. Payment for services, products, shipping containers, and shipping costs that are rendered are expected within the payment terms indicated on the invoice or stated by contract. Invoices and account balances in arrears of stated terms may result in The Jackson Laboratory pursuing collection activities including but not limited to outside agencies and court filings.

The Jackson Laboratory's Genotype Promise

The Jackson Laboratory has rigorous genetic quality control and mutant gene genotyping programs to ensure the genetic background of JAX® Mice strains as well as the genotypes of strains with identified molecular mutations. JAX® Mice strains are only made available to researchers after meeting our standards. However, the phenotype of each strain may not be fully characterized and/or captured in the strain data sheets. Therefore, we cannot guarantee a strain's phenotype will meet all expectations. To ensure that JAX® Mice will meet the needs of individual research projects or when requesting a strain that is new to your research, we suggest ordering and performing tests on a small number of mice to determine suitability for your particular project.

Terms Of Use

Terms of Use

General Terms and Conditions

Questions about Terms of Use

Licensing Information

Phone: 207-288-6470

Email: TechTran@jax.org

JAX® Mice, Products & Services Conditions of Use

"MICE" means mouse strains, their progeny derived by inbreeding or crossbreeding, unmodified derivatives from mouse strains or their progeny supplied by The Jackson Laboratory ("JACKSON"). "PRODUCT(S)" means biological materials supplied by JACKSON, and their derivatives. "SERVICES" means projects conducted by JACKSON for other parties that may include but are not limited to the use of MICE or PRODUCTS. "RECIPIENT" means each recipient of MICE, PRODUCTS, or SERVICES provided by JACKSON including each institution, its employees and other researchers under its control. MICE or PRODUCTS shall not be: (i) used for any purpose other than internal research, (ii) sold or otherwise provided to any third party for any use, or (iii) provided to any agent or other third party to provide breeding or other services. Acceptance of MICE, PRODUCTS or SERVICES from JACKSON shall be deemed as agreement by RECIPIENT to these conditions, and departure from these conditions requires JACKSON’s prior written authorization.

No Warranty

MICE, PRODUCTS AND SERVICES ARE PROVIDED "AS IS". JACKSON EXTENDS NO WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESS, IMPLIED, OR STATUTORY, WITH RESPECT TO MICE, PRODUCTS OR SERVICES, INCLUDING ANY IMPLIED WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, OR ANY WARRANTY OF NON-INFRINGEMENT OF ANY PATENT, TRADEMARK, OR OTHER INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS.

Credit for PRODUCTS or SERVICES

In case of dissatisfaction for a valid reason and claimed in writing by a purchaser within ninety (90) days of receipt of, PRODUCTS or SERVICES, JACKSON will, at its option, provide credit or replacement for the PRODUCT received or the SERVICES provided; JACKSON makes no other representations and this shall be the exclusive remedy of the purchaser. Please note specific policy for live mice.

Animal Care and Use for SERVICES

Consistent with the requirement for a written understanding regarding animal care and use, the JACKSON Animal Care and Use Committee will review the animal care and use protocol(s) associated with any SERVICES to be performed at JACKSON, and JACKSON shall have ultimate responsibility and authority for the care of animals while on site or in JACKSON custody.

No Liability

In no event shall JACKSON, its trustees, directors, officers, employees, and affiliates be liable for any causes of action or damages, including any direct, indirect, special, or consequential damages, arising out of the provision of MICE, PRODUCTS, or SERVICES, including economic damage or injury to property and lost profits, and including any damage arising from acts or negligence on the part of JACKSON, its agents or employees. Unless prohibited by law, in purchasing or receiving MICE, PRODUCTS, or SERVICES from JACKSON, purchaser or recipient, or any party claiming by or through them, expressly releases and discharges JACKSON from all such causes of action or damages, and further agrees to defend and indemnify JACKSON from any costs or damages arising out of any third party claims.

MICE, PRODUCTS or SERVICES are to be used in a safe manner and in accordance with all applicable governmental rules and regulations.

The foregoing represents the General Terms and Conditions applicable to JACKSON’s MICE, PRODUCTS or SERVICES. In addition, special terms and conditions of sale of certain MICE, PRODUCTS, or SERVICES may be set forth separately in JACKSON web pages, catalogs, price lists, contracts, and/or other documents, and these special terms and conditions shall also govern the sale of these MICE, PRODUCTS and SERVICES by JACKSON, and by its licensees and distributors.

Acceptance of delivery of MICE, PRODUCTS or SERVICES shall be deemed agreement to these terms and conditions. No purchase order or other document transmitted by purchaser or recipient that may modify the terms and conditions hereof, shall be in any way binding on JACKSON, and instead the terms and conditions set forth herein, including any special terms and conditions set forth separately, shall govern the sale of MICE, PRODUCTS or SERVICES by JACKSON.

Also Known As: C, BALBc

Genetic overview

Research Applications

Base Price

Volume Pricing Available!

Detailed Description

Development

Selected References

Cdh23ahl

Allele Symbol: Cdh23ahl

Mx1s1

Allele Symbol: Mx1s1

Micrln

Allele Symbol: Micrln

Cox7a2ls

Allele Symbol: Cox7a2ls

Hld

Allele Symbol: Hld

Disease Terms

Research Areas By Genotype

This mouse can be used to support research in many areas including:

Genotype: Cdh23ahl related

Mammalian Phenotype Terms by Genotype

Genotype: Hld/Hldeither: (involves: BALB/cByJ) or (involves: BALB/cJ)

cellular phenotype

nervous system phenotype

Phenotype Information

References

Additional References

Additional - Cdh23ahl related

Additional - Cox7a2ls related

Additional - Hld related

Additional - Micrln related

Additional - Mx1s1 related

Genotyping Protocols

Dietary Information

Breeding Considerations

Mating System

Appearance

Citation

Animal Health Reports

Live Mouse

Volume Pricing Details

Cryorecovery - Pricing

Related Products and Services

Payment Terms and Conditions

The Jackson Laboratory's Genotype Promise

Terms of Use

Licensing Information

JAX® Mice, Products & Services Conditions of Use

No Warranty

Credit for PRODUCTS or SERVICES

Animal Care and Use for SERVICES

No Liability

Cdh23^ahl

Allele Symbol: Cdh23^ahl

Mx1^s1

Allele Symbol: Mx1^s1

Micrlⁿ

Allele Symbol: Micrlⁿ

Cox7a2l^s

Allele Symbol: Cox7a2l^s

Genotype: Cdh23^ahl related

Genotype: Hld/Hld
either: (involves: BALB/cByJ) or (involves: BALB/cJ)

Additional - Cdh23^ahl related

Additional - Cox7a2l^s related

Additional - Micrlⁿ related

Additional - Mx1^s1 related